• DAY1SVR: Day 1 Convective Outlook

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 18 12:57:22 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 181256
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 181254

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0754 AM CDT Wed Jun 18 2025

    Valid 181300Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    SOUTHEAST MISSOURI INTO SOUTHERN/EASTERN ILLINOIS...WESTERN KENTUCKY...INDIANA...WESTERN OHIO...AND SOUTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected today from parts of southern
    Missouri northeastward to the southern Great Lakes. Scattered to
    numerous damaging winds, isolated large hail, and a few tornadoes
    all appear possible. Strong to severe thunderstorms may also develop
    across parts of the southern Plains, northern Plains/Upper Midwest,
    and Mid-Atlantic.

    ...Mid Mississippi/Ohio Valleys to the Southern Great Lakes...
    Embedded within large-scale upper troughing, a well-defined MCV
    evident on radar and visible satellite imagery over MO this morning
    will quickly advance northeastward today across the mid MS Valley
    into the Midwest, and eventually the southern Great Lakes this
    evening. This feature will likely aid robust thunderstorm
    development across parts of eastern IL into IN and vicinity by late morning/early afternoon. Sufficient low-level and deep-layer shear
    will exist across the Midwest for updraft organization, including
    supercells. However, convection may quickly become linear; so, it
    remains unclear how long a supercell hail/tornado threat will exist. Regardless, filtered daytime heating of a rather moist low-level
    airmass will aid the development of at least moderate instability
    downstream of any convection that develops.

    With 40-50 kt of low/mid-level southwesterly flow forecast across
    parts of the mid MS Valley into the OH Valley/Midwest and steepening
    low-level lapse rates through the day, scattered to perhaps numerous
    damaging winds appear likely with organized clusters/bows spreading east-northeastward across these regions through the afternoon and
    early evening. The severe wind threat should extend as far north as
    parts of southern Lower MI, along/near a surface front. Some risk
    for line-embedded tornadoes may also exist. By mid to late evening,
    these clusters should gradually weaken as they continue eastward
    into a less unstable environment across the OH Valley. But, they may
    still pose some threat for damaging winds for as long as they can
    remain surface based.

    ...Southern Plains to the Mid-South...
    Ongoing convection across central OK may continue to pose an
    isolated hail/wind threat in the short term this morning, before
    eventually weakening as the nocturnal low-level jet aiding this
    activity slowly subsides. In the wake of these early-day
    thunderstorms, ample daytime heating of a seasonably moist airmass
    is anticipated along/south of a convectively reinforced cold front,
    with moderate to strong instability expected. The southern Plains
    will be on the southern periphery of upper troughing across the
    mid/upper MS Valley today, but enhanced mid-level winds should still
    be present from parts of OK eastward into AR and the Mid-South.

    Multiple bands/clusters should form this afternoon along/south of
    the front in a favorable thermodynamic environment given the
    continued presence of steep mid-level lapse rates, especially across
    OK/TX. While deep-layer shear is not forecast to be overly strong,
    it should still be sufficient for updraft organization, including
    the potential for a few supercells. Initial development this
    afternoon may pose more of a severe hail threat, before clustering
    occurs and the risk for severe/damaging winds increases with
    eastward/southward extent later in the afternoon and continuing into
    the evening.

    ...Northern Plains/Upper Midwest...
    Behind upper troughing over the mid/upper MS Valley, northwesterly
    mid-level flow around 25-40 kt should be present today over portions
    of the northern Plains and Upper Midwest. Low-level moisture is
    expected to remain fairly limited, with surface dewpoints mostly in
    the 50s. Even so, steepened low/mid-level lapse rates are
    anticipated through the afternoon, along with weak to moderate
    instability. While large-scale ascent should remain weak, widely
    scattered thunderstorms may still form and spread
    east-southeastward, with some threat for isolated severe wind gusts
    and marginally severe hail this afternoon and early evening. Modest
    deep-layer shear should keep the overall severe threat fairly isolated/marginal.

    ...Mid-Atlantic...
    Within modestly enhanced mid-level southwesterly flow, an embedded
    weak perturbation is forecast move northeastward today from the southern/central Appalachians across the southern Mid-Atlantic. A
    moist low-level airmass in place across this region, with surface
    dewpoints generally in the upper 60s to low 70s. Ample daytime
    heating will likely foster moderate to locally strong instability
    along/east of the Blue Ridge Mountains by mid afternoon. Current
    expectations are for thunderstorms to develop initially over the
    higher terrain and move eastward in a modest deep-layer shear
    environment. Some thunderstorm organization should occur, with
    multicells as the main convective mode. This activity may pose some
    threat for damaging winds this afternoon and evening until it moves
    off the Atlantic Coast or weakens with the loss of daytime heating.

    ..Gleason/Kerr.. 06/18/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 18 16:21:49 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 181621
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 181619

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1119 AM CDT Wed Jun 18 2025

    Valid 181630Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    AND EVENING FROM SOUTHEAST MISSOURI EASTWARD ACROSS MUCH OF ILLINOIS/INDIANA...WESTERN OHIO...AND NORTHERN KENTUCKY...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PORTIONS OF
    THE MID-ATLANTIC REGION...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected this afternoon and evening from
    parts of southeast Missouri northeastward to the southern Great
    Lakes. Scattered to numerous damaging winds, isolated large hail,
    and tornadoes all appear possible. Severe thunderstorms with
    damaging winds may also develop across parts of the Mid-Atlantic.

    ...Midwest...
    A well-defined shortwave trough is currently over western MO,
    tracking rapidly eastward. At the surface, a low is centered over
    northeast MO, with a very moist/unstable air mass in place across
    much of IL/IN. As large-scale forcing for ascent and strengthening
    wind fields overspread the unstable warm sector, supercell
    thunderstorms are expected to rapidly develop. All severe hazards,
    including a few tornadoes, appear possible through the afternoon as
    storms track rapidly northeastward across IL into central/northern
    IN. Refer to MCD #1345 for further details. Congealing outflow may
    eventually lead to a greater damaging wind threat as storms spread
    into lower MI and northern OH.

    To the southeast of this early thunderstorm scenario, another zone
    of convective initiation is expected from southeast MO into parts of KY/southern IN. These storms are more likely to grow upscale by
    early evening, with a risk of damaging winds spreading into southern
    OH and central KY. Have expanded the ENH slightly eastward to
    better cover this area.

    ...Mid Atlantic...
    Visible satellite imagery shows mostly clear skies and strong
    heating occurring over northern/central VA, where a hot/humid
    airmass is present. Thunderstorms are expected to develop off the
    terrain this afternoon and spread eastward into the DelMarVa region.
    Sufficient flow aloft and steep low-level lapse rates will promote
    a risk of strong storms capable wind damage. Isolated strong storms
    may also affect south-central VA and northern NC later this
    afternoon as well. Refer to MCD #1344 for further details.

    ..Hart/Wendt.. 06/18/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 18 19:59:12 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 181957
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 181955

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0255 PM CDT Wed Jun 18 2025

    Valid 182000Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
    MIDWEST AND LOWER GREAT LAKES...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE MID
    ATLANTIC REGION...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected this afternoon and evening from
    parts of southeast Missouri northeastward to the southern Great
    Lakes. Scattered to numerous damaging winds, isolated large hail,
    and tornadoes all appear possible. Severe thunderstorms with
    damaging winds may also develop across parts of the Mid-Atlantic.

    ...20z Update Midwest and Great Lakes...
    A well-developed QLCS with multiple embedded bows and recent
    measured severe gusts will continue eastward across IN and southern
    lower MI this afternoon before reaching western OH this evening.
    Moderate buoyancy and enhanced upper-level shear will support
    continued storm organization with damaging gusts likely. Embedded
    mesovorticies will also pose a risk for a few tornadoes. The main
    changes to the outlook where to trim the Enhanced behind the
    advancing QLCS.

    Farther west near the core of the MCV, several clusters of miniature
    supercells have a history of producing tornadoes. This may continue
    for a couple more hours as storms near the MCV remain in 100-200
    J/kg of low-level buoyancy and strong ambient vorticity. The
    eastward extent of this threat is unclear as some overturning behind
    the expanding QLCS will likely reduce the threat closer to the IN
    border. Additional scattered storms across western MO behind the MCV
    may also pose an isolated risk for damaging gusts and small hail
    before weakening after dark.

    ...lower OH Valley...
    Across far southeastern MO southern IL and western KY, additional
    storm development will continue this afternoon and evening.
    Displaced from the enhanced mid-level flow south of the MCV, a mixed
    storm mode of supercells and line segments is expected. Large
    buoyancy and the tendency for upscale growth suggests damaging winds
    are likely. Low-level shear from the VWX/PAH VAD is maximized along
    the low-level confluence axis which could also support a couple
    tornadoes with the more discrete cells.

    ...Southern Plains...
    A modified outflow boundary may serve as a focus for scattered storm development from the TX Panhandle to southern OK this
    afternoon/evening. 2000-3000 J/kg of MLCAPE and ~30 kt of deep-layer
    flow will support organized clusters or transient supercells with a
    risk for hail and damaging gusts. Have expanded the Slight Risk into southwestern OK where storms appear most likely to develop. See
    MCD#1350 for additional short-term information.

    ..Lyons.. 06/18/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1119 AM CDT Wed Jun 18 2025/

    ...Midwest...
    A well-defined shortwave trough is currently over western MO,
    tracking rapidly eastward. At the surface, a low is centered over
    northeast MO, with a very moist/unstable air mass in place across
    much of IL/IN. As large-scale forcing for ascent and strengthening
    wind fields overspread the unstable warm sector, supercell
    thunderstorms are expected to rapidly develop. All severe hazards,
    including a few tornadoes, appear possible through the afternoon as
    storms track rapidly northeastward across IL into central/northern
    IN. Refer to MCD #1345 for further details. Congealing outflow may
    eventually lead to a greater damaging wind threat as storms spread
    into lower MI and northern OH.

    To the southeast of this early thunderstorm scenario, another zone
    of convective initiation is expected from southeast MO into parts of KY/southern IN. These storms are more likely to grow upscale by
    early evening, with a risk of damaging winds spreading into southern
    OH and central KY. Have expanded the ENH slightly eastward to
    better cover this area.

    ...Mid Atlantic...
    Visible satellite imagery shows mostly clear skies and strong
    heating occurring over northern/central VA, where a hot/humid
    airmass is present. Thunderstorms are expected to develop off the
    terrain this afternoon and spread eastward into the DelMarVa region.
    Sufficient flow aloft and steep low-level lapse rates will promote
    a risk of strong storms capable wind damage. Isolated strong storms
    may also affect south-central VA and northern NC later this
    afternoon as well. Refer to MCD #1344 for further details.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 19 00:54:10 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 190054
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 190052

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0752 PM CDT Wed Jun 18 2025

    Valid 190100Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE LOWER
    GREAT LAKES/OHIO VALLEY TO THE SOUTHERN PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms, with damaging winds, will spread across
    portions of the Ohio/Tennessee Valley region this evening. Isolated
    severe thunderstorms will also continue across portions of the Red
    River region of southern Oklahoma and North Texas.

    ...01z Update...

    Notable mid-level height falls will spread across the lower Great
    Lakes/Ohio Valley overnight in response to a short-wave trough that
    will advance into MI-IL by the end of the period. Synoptically, LLJ
    is strengthening across the OH Valley ahead of the main surface
    front that extends from Lake MI-central IL-central MO. While the
    primary squall line has surged well ahead of the front into central
    OH/KY, scattered convection is gradually increasing along the front
    across MO/western IL. This activity may continue to increase as the
    boundary surges southeast later tonight. Otherwise, the lead squall
    line is expected to propagate into the upper Ohio Valley with an
    attendant threat of damaging winds.

    Farther southwest into the southern Plains, 00z soundings from both
    OUN and FWD exhibit minimal CINH with seasonally high PW values and
    strong MLCAPE (>3000 J/kg). Both soundings have adequate deep-layer
    shear for organized updrafts, but the Red River corridor should only
    experience weak low-level warm advection through the overnight
    period. Isolated severe thunderstorms will be the most likely
    scenario given the weak forcing along this portion of the boundary.

    ..Darrow.. 06/19/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 19 05:53:41 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 190553
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 190552

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1252 AM CDT Thu Jun 19 2025

    Valid 191200Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
    MIDDLE ATLANTIC...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
    NORTHERN PLAINS AND UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected across much of the Middle Atlantic
    region, and to a lesser extent into the Carolinas and over portions
    of New England. Severe wind gusts are the primary concern. Isolated
    hail and wind threat is expected across the northern Plains into
    Minnesota, primarily during the evening/overnight.

    ...Eastern U.S...

    Seasonally strong upper trough is currently located over IL and
    should advance into the OH Valley by 18z as stronger 500mb flow
    develops across western PA/NY. With time, 50+kt flow should
    translate into the Middle Atlantic, coincident/just ahead of the
    primary synoptic front. Latest model guidance suggests modest 0-3km
    lapse rates will develop by mid day as the boundary layer warms
    ahead of the wind shift, especially from the Carolinas into Upstate
    NY. In fact, much of the I-95 corridor over the Middle Atlantic will
    warm quickly through the 80s to near 90F, effectively removing any
    inhibition. As a result, convection should readily develop within a
    very moist environment (PWs 1.75-2 inches) characterized by MLCAPE
    in excess of 2000 J/kg. Forecast soundings exhibit deep
    west-southwesterly flow with 0-6km bulk shear around 30kt. These
    profiles favor organized line segments and clusters, and severe wind
    gusts will likely be noted with the most robust activity. Convection
    should spread off the Middle Atlantic Coast during the evening
    hours.

    ...Northern Plains/Upper MS Valley...

    Latest water-vapor imagery depicts a short-wave trough over
    southeast BC. This feature will suppress heights across southern
    AB/SK early in the period, and a secondary disturbance will eject
    across southern SK during the evening. These features are expected
    to encourage convective development along the cool side of a
    boundary that will be draped from the upper MS Valley-central
    ND-southern SK. Low-level warm advection should aid bouts of
    elevated convection, but the primary concern is with thunderstorms
    that evolve during the early evening. Storms that form over
    southeastern SK and southwestern MB will spread southeast toward a
    region of increasing low-level warm advection. LLJ is forecast to
    increase across eastern SD into southwest MN during the late
    evening. Elevated supercells should develop ahead of the Canadian
    convection as the LLJ strengthens into the upper Red River Valley.
    An MCS may ultimately evolve over the upper MS Valley late in the
    period as the LLJ shifts into southeast MN/southwestern WI. Hail and
    wind are the primary concern with this activity.

    ..Darrow/Weinman.. 06/19/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 19 12:51:45 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 191251
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 191250

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0750 AM CDT Thu Jun 19 2025

    Valid 191300Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE MID-ATLANTIC...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE NORTHERN PLAINS/UPPER MIDWEST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected across much of the Mid-Atlantic
    region today, and to a lesser extent into the Carolinas and over
    portions of New England. Severe/damaging wind gusts are the primary
    concern. An isolated large hail threat should also develop across
    parts of the northern Plains/Upper Midwest, primarily during the evening/overnight hours.

    ...New England/Mid-Atlantic into North Carolina...
    An upper trough will move eastward today from the Great Lakes/OH
    Valley across the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast. Seasonably strong
    southwesterly mid-level flow around 40-50 kt will accompany this
    upper trough passage, and aid in sufficient deep-layer shear for
    organized severe thunderstorms across these regions. Recent visible
    satellite imagery and surface observations show mostly clear skies
    and a moist low-level airmass already in place from the Appalachians
    towards the Mid-Atlantic Coast. Ample diurnal heating through this
    afternoon should support moderate to locally strong instability
    across much of the Mid-Atlantic, with somewhat weaker instability
    with northward extent into interior New England.

    Current expectations are for multiple cells/clusters to initially
    form over the higher terrain of the Appalachians/Blue Ridge
    Mountains by early to mid afternoon, and subsequently spread
    east-northward to the coast through the afternoon and evening. Given
    steepened low-level lapse rates and enhanced low/mid-level flow
    associated with the upper trough, scattered to potentially numerous severe/damaging winds will likely be the primary threat with this
    convection. The greatest concentration of wind damage should be
    focused across parts of the Mid-Atlantic, where the Enhanced Risk
    has been maintained with only minor expansion. Otherwise, isolated
    hail may also occur with any of the more cellular convection, even
    though mid-level lapse rates are not forecast to be overly steep. A
    brief tornado or two also appears possible, although low-level winds
    will generally be veered to west-southwesterly, limiting 0-1 km SRH.

    ...Southeast...
    A band of thunderstorms is ongoing this morning across parts of the Mid-South/Southeast. This activity has generally remained sub-severe
    overnight, and on the southern periphery of an upper trough to the
    north. With strong daytime heating of a rather moist low-level
    airmass in place to its south and modest deep-layer shear for
    updraft organization, there is some opportunity for this convection
    to either restrengthen through the afternoon as it spreads
    southward, or for redevelopment to occur along its outflow. Have
    adjusted the Marginal Risk for damaging winds based on the current
    position of ongoing thunderstorms, and their potential to move
    southward across parts of the Southeast/central Gulf Coast states
    this afternoon/early evening before eventually weakening near the
    Gulf Coast.

    ...Northern Plains/Upper Midwest...
    Upper ridging will be maintained today over much of the Rockies and
    High Plains. This will tend to suppress convective development for
    much of the day. Still, a weak mid-level shortwave trough will move
    from western Canada across the Canadian Prairie provinces today,
    eventually reaching parts of the northern Plains and Upper Midwest
    tonight. This feature, along with increasing low-level warm/moist
    advection associated with a strengthening southwesterly low-level
    jet across the northern/central Plains this evening, may be
    sufficient to aid at least isolated robust thunderstorm development
    tonight generally along and north of a surface boundary. Strong
    MUCAPE, steep lapse rates aloft, and ample deep-layer shear would
    likely support supercells with associated threat for large hail in a
    favorable northwesterly mid/upper-level flow regime. There is still
    some uncertainty with the placement and overall coverage of these
    supercells tonight, but based on latest guidance trends the Slight
    Risk has been expanded eastward to include more of central/eastern
    MN and western/northern WI. Isolated damaging winds may also occur
    if an MCS is able to develop, although this remains highly
    uncertain.

    ...Central Plains...
    Moderate to strong instability is forecast to develop this afternoon
    across parts of the central Plains along/east of surface lee
    troughing. Even though deep-layer shear and forcing aloft will not
    be as pronounced as farther north, there appears to be some chance
    for high-based convection to develop and pose an isolated hail/wind
    threat.

    ..Gleason/Kerr.. 06/19/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 19 16:17:45 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 191617
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 191615

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1115 AM CDT Thu Jun 19 2025

    Valid 191630Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    AND EARLY EVENING ACROSS THE MID-ATLANTIC REGION...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS TONIGHT ACROSS THE
    NORTHERN PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected across much of the Mid-Atlantic
    region this afternoon and evening, and to a lesser extent into the
    Carolinas and over portions of New England. Severe/damaging wind
    gusts are the primary concern. An isolated large hail and damaging
    wind threat should also develop across parts of the northern
    Plains/Upper Midwest, primarily during the evening/overnight hours.

    ...Eastern US...
    A broad and low-amplitude shortwave trough is moving across the
    Great Lakes region and Ohio Valley today. Ahead of the trough,
    visible satellite imagery shows mostly clear skies from eastern NY
    and much of New England southward across the Mid-Atlantic region and
    Carolinas. Warm/moist conditions will develop by mid-afternoon,
    yielding MLCAPE values of 2000-3000 J/kg across this broad area.
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop, with the highest concentrations moving off the higher terrain of PA/VA/NC and
    tracking eastward across the ENH risk area.

    Forecast soundings along this corridor show 35-50 knot westerly flow
    aloft, which will aid in thunderstorm organization and longevity.
    Low-level winds are relatively weak/veered, and mid-level lapse
    rates are marginal for intense updrafts. This suggests that
    damaging wind gusts are the primary concern today.

    ...ND/MN/WI This Evening/Tonight...
    A large upper ridge has become established across the Rockies and
    High Plains, with the primary westerlies now extending from MT into
    the Dakotas and Great Lakes. Several weak perturbations will top
    the ridge today and tonight, and a strengthening low-level jet will
    encourage the development of clusters of thunderstorms. One cluster
    is expected this evening over parts of MN/WI, with a risk of large
    hail.

    There is increasing concern for a cluster of storms developing
    across southern ND, which may persist through the night into
    southern MN. While this scenario is only shown in a handful of 12z
    models, have shifted the SLGT farther south for this conditional
    risk.

    ..Hart/Wendt.. 06/19/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 19 19:52:46 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 191952
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 191951

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0251 PM CDT Thu Jun 19 2025

    Valid 192000Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER THE
    NORTHEAST AND MID ATLANTIC STATES...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PARTS OF THE
    DAKOTAS AND THE UPPER MIDWEST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected across much of the Mid-Atlantic
    region through this evening, and to a lesser extent into the
    Carolinas and over portions of New England. Severe/damaging wind
    gusts are the primary concern. An isolated large hail and damaging
    wind threat should also develop across parts of the northern
    Plains/Upper Midwest, primarily during the evening/overnight hours.

    ...20z Update...
    The prior outlook remains valid with only minimal changes. Across
    parts of the Northeast and Mid Atlantic, several bands/clusters of
    strong to severe storms are ongoing ahead of an upper trough over
    the upper OH Valley. Moderate buoyancy and deep-layer shear will
    continue to support storm organization into line segments and
    clusters with an attendant risk for damaging gusts focused across
    the Enhanced area. A few weak supercell structures were also noted
    over eastern PA into southern New England, where some isolated hail
    and a brief tornado will be possible. Convection should continue
    into this evening before slowly weakening after sunset.

    ...Southeast...
    In the wake of early morning remnant storms, an advancing outflow
    has shifted south across MS/AL and eastern AR. The cluster of storms
    on the surging outflow may occasionally produce damaging guts given
    the moderate instability. Weak vertical shear should keep the threat
    isolated. Have trimmed the MRGL and thunder behind this activity
    where additional storms are not expected.

    Otherwise, additional storms are possible across the Northern Plains
    tonight. See the prior discussion for more info.

    ..Lyons.. 06/19/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1115 AM CDT Thu Jun 19 2025/

    ...Eastern US...
    A broad and low-amplitude shortwave trough is moving across the
    Great Lakes region and Ohio Valley today. Ahead of the trough,
    visible satellite imagery shows mostly clear skies from eastern NY
    and much of New England southward across the Mid-Atlantic region and
    Carolinas. Warm/moist conditions will develop by mid-afternoon,
    yielding MLCAPE values of 2000-3000 J/kg across this broad area.
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop, with the highest concentrations moving off the higher terrain of PA/VA/NC and
    tracking eastward across the ENH risk area.

    Forecast soundings along this corridor show 35-50 knot westerly flow
    aloft, which will aid in thunderstorm organization and longevity.
    Low-level winds are relatively weak/veered, and mid-level lapse
    rates are marginal for intense updrafts. This suggests that
    damaging wind gusts are the primary concern today.

    ...ND/MN/WI This Evening/Tonight...
    A large upper ridge has become established across the Rockies and
    High Plains, with the primary westerlies now extending from MT into
    the Dakotas and Great Lakes. Several weak perturbations will top
    the ridge today and tonight, and a strengthening low-level jet will
    encourage the development of clusters of thunderstorms. One cluster
    is expected this evening over parts of MN/WI, with a risk of large
    hail.

    There is increasing concern for a cluster of storms developing
    across southern ND, which may persist through the night into
    southern MN. While this scenario is only shown in a handful of 12z
    models, have shifted the SLGT farther south for this conditional
    risk.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 20 01:01:48 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 200101
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 200100

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0800 PM CDT Thu Jun 19 2025

    Valid 200100Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE NORTHERN PLAINS AND UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms with large to very large hail and
    damaging wind gusts are expected across the northern Plains and
    upper Mississippi Valley this evening into tonight. Isolated severe
    gusts will also be possible from central and eastern North Carolina north-northeastward to New England.

    ...Northern and Central Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley...
    Latest water vapor imagery at mid-levels shows a ridge over the High
    Plains, with west-northwesterly flow over much of the central and
    northern Plains. At the surface, a 1002 mb low is located over
    north-central South Dakota, with a trough extending
    south-southwestward into northwest Kansas. An axis of low-level
    moisture is analyzed from central Plains northward to near the
    surface low and northwestward into western North Dakota. Along this
    corridor, the RAP has MLCAPE mostly in the 2000 to 3000 J/kg range.
    A severe storm is currently ongoing near the instability max in
    southwest North Dakota, with additional isolated severe storms
    located in north-central Nebraska and northwest Kansas.

    Moderate deep-layer shear is present across much of the central and
    northern Plains, which will contribute to an environment supportive
    of supercells this evening. A severe threat with more longevity is
    expected in the northern Plains. The Bismarck 00Z sounding has a 0-6
    km shear around 40 knots, with nearly dry adiabatic low to mid-level
    lapse rates. This will support supercells with large to very large
    hail, possibly greater than 2 inches in diameter. This, combined
    with surface dewpoints in the lower 60s F and substantial
    directional shear from the surface to 700 mb, will also support an
    isolated tornado threat.

    Concerning future convective development, the latest HRRR maintains
    a widely spaced coverage for much of the early to mid evening, but
    then begins to increases thunderstorm coverage over eastern parts of
    the northern Plains late this evening. As the nose of a low-level
    jet moves into the eastern Dakotas, a cluster of severe storms is
    expected to develop and move eastward into the upper Mississippi
    Valley tonight. Supercells with large hail will be possible with
    cells than remain discrete. However, linear mode should become
    favored, which will likely support an increase in the potential for
    severe gusts.

    ...Eastern States...
    A mid-level trough is currently evident on water vapor imagery over
    the southern and central Appalachians. Ahead of the trough, a moist
    airmass is present from the Carolinas north-northeastward into New
    England. The RAP suggests that instability is weak along and ahead
    of the surface trough. Short-term model forecasts suggest that
    scattered convective coverage will continue over the next few hours.
    00Z soundings across the region show moderate deep-layer shear and
    have steep lapse rates around 850 mb. This should support an
    isolated severe threat over the next couple of hours as low-level
    flow gradually increases. Severe wind gusts will be the primary
    threat, associated with short bowing line segments.

    ..Broyles.. 06/20/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 20 06:01:50 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 200601
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 200600

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0100 AM CDT Fri Jun 20 2025

    Valid 201200Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE NORTHERN PLAINS AND UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are likely this afternoon into tonight from far
    eastern Montana eastward across the northern Plains and into the
    upper Mississippi Valley. Tornadoes, with one or two potentially
    strong, winds greater than 75 mph, and hailstones greater than 2
    inches in diameter will be possible. Marginally severe storms will
    also be possible across parts of the northeast New Mexico and
    southeast Colorado.

    ...Northern Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley...
    A mid-level shortwave ridge will move eastward today from the
    northern Plains into the upper Mississippi Valley. In the wake of
    the ridge, a shortwave trough will move quickly east-northeastward
    across the northern Plains. At the surface, a low will deepen over
    northwestern South Dakota. To the north and northeast of the low, an east-to-west axis of low-level moisture will take shape by
    afternoon, along which surface dewpoints will be in the lower to mid
    70s F. In response to surface heating, moderate to strong
    instability is expected to develop across much of the northern
    Plains by afternoon. Convection is first expected to initiate in far
    eastern Montana late this afternoon. From this convection,
    thunderstorms are forecast to rapidly grow upscale into a
    fast-moving linear MCS, with the track of the MCS moving eastward
    along a sharp gradient of instability.

    RAP late afternoon forecast soundings along the projected track of
    the MCS in southeastern North Dakota have MLCAPE around 4500 J/Kg,
    with 0-6 km shear near 60 knots. Lapse rates are forecast to be near
    8 C/km, and 0-3 km storm relative helicity is forecast to be between
    350 and 400 m2/s2. This environment should be favorable for all
    hazards, including tornadoes, large hail and wind damage. Tornadoes
    will be most likely with supercells and along the leading edge of
    bowing segments. A strong tornado or two will be possible. The more
    dominant supercells will also be capable of producing hailstones
    greater than 2 inches in diameter. A wind-damage threat should exist
    along the entire north-south length of the MCS, with a few gusts
    over 75 mph possible. The severe threat is expected to continue
    through this evening and into the overnight period as the MCS tracks
    eastward into the upper Mississippi Valley.

    Further southward across much of the Upper Midwest, a few warm-advection-related thunderstorms will be possible early in the
    day. Although these cells may be elevated, a marginal severe threat
    will be possible, with a potential for isolated severe gusts and
    hail.

    ...Northeast New Mexico/Southeast Colorado...
    Southwest mid-level flow will become established across the southern
    and central Rockies today. As surface temperatures warm, isolated to
    scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop in the higher
    terrain. These storms will move into the lower elevations late this
    afternoon into this evening. Although instability will be weak,
    low-level lapse rates will be very steep, around 9.5 C/Km in some
    areas. This could be enough for isolated severe gusts, associated
    with low-precipitation cells.

    ..Broyles/Moore.. 06/20/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 20 12:58:03 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 201256
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 201254

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0754 AM CDT Fri Jun 20 2025

    Valid 201300Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE NORTHERN PLAINS AND UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are likely this afternoon into tonight from far
    eastern Montana eastward across the northern Plains and into the
    upper Mississippi Valley. Tornadoes, winds greater than 75 mph, and
    hailstones greater than 2 inches in diameter will all be possible.

    ...Northern Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley...
    Showers and thunderstorms have persisted throughout much of the
    night into early this morning across central/southern MN, much of IA
    and central WI. This activity was supported by a persistent and
    moderately strong low-level jet. Expectation is for this cluster to
    persist for the next few hours while gradually losing strength amid
    a weakening low-level jet.

    A very moist airmass exists to the west of this cluster across the
    Great Plains. Recent surface analysis places mid 60s dewpoints
    through eastern NE, with low 60s reaching into south-central ND.
    Surface analysis also places a low near the central SD/NE border
    vicinity, with a warm front arcing southeastward from this low
    across northeastern NE and western IA before becoming oriented more north-to-south over western MO. Expectation throughout the day is
    for this warm front to become better defined as the current surface
    low fills and another develops over western SD. This evolution will
    be supported as the shortwave trough currently located over the
    Great Basin progresses quickly northeastward towards the northern
    Plains.

    By the mid to late afternoon, a deep surface low will likely be over
    western SD with a sharp warm front extending eastward from the low
    roughly along the ND/SD border through central MN. Upper 60s to low
    70s dewpoints are anticipated along this frontal zone by the late
    afternoon, with surface temperatures in the upper 80s to low 90s.
    These surface conditions beneath steep mid-level lapse rates will
    result in strong to extreme buoyancy, with HREF mean SBCAPE ranging
    from 2000 J/kg across western ND to over 4500 J/kg from northeastern
    SD into central MN. Thunderstorm development is expected across
    eastern MT as the approaching shortwave trough interacts with this
    buoyant airmass during the late afternoon. Additionally, surface
    convergence could lead to thunderstorm development along the front
    farther east from ND into northern MN around the same time. Given
    the environment, storms in both of these areas should quickly become
    severe, with large to very large hail and tornadoes as the primary
    risk. The storms over eastern MT will likely grow upscale into an
    organized convective line, although their is still uncertainty
    regarding how quickly this occurs. Environmental conditions support
    the development of a forward-progressing convective line capable of
    strong to severe wind gusts. Some gust over 75 mph are possible. The
    potential for line-embedded tornadoes exists as well. The threat for
    damaging gusts with this line should continue into Upper Great Lakes
    region early Saturday morning.

    ...Southern/Central High Plains...
    Isolated high-based thunderstorms are possible across the region
    amid increasing mid-level moisture and glancing ascent from a
    shortwave trough farther north. A few strong gusts are possible as
    these storms move into the lower elevations this evening.

    ..Mosier/Leitman.. 06/20/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 20 16:27:44 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 201627
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 201625

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1125 AM CDT Fri Jun 20 2025

    Valid 201630Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS EVENING
    AND TONIGHT FROM EASTERN MONTANA...ACROSS MUCH OF NORTH
    DAKOTA...INTO NORTHERN MINNESOTA....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are likely this afternoon into tonight from far
    eastern Montana eastward across the northern Plains and into the
    upper Mississippi Valley. Tornadoes, winds greater than 75 mph, and
    hailstones greater than 2 inches in diameter will all be possible.

    ...Eastern MT/ND/MN/WI/Upper MI...
    No significant changes have been made to the ongoing outlook. Water
    vapor imagery shows a deepening upper trough over the northern
    Rockies, with a pronounced shortwave trough entering western MT.
    Strong lift associated with this trough will overspread eastern MT
    and western ND this evening, leading to the development of scattered
    supercell thunderstorms in a region of backed/upslope flow to the
    north of the surface low. These storms will track eastward through
    the evening across ND and eventually grow upscale. Very large hail
    and tornadoes will be possible for the first few hours of this
    scenario, with an increasing risk of damaging winds with time. An
    upgrade to MDT risk was considered, but will maintain ENH due to
    diversity of solutions in various model guidance and uncertainty of
    corridor of greatest threat.

    Farther east, an increasingly strong nocturnal low-level jet will
    help rapid thunderstorm development from eastern ND into MN this
    evening. Parameters in this area are very favorable for supercells
    capable of all severe hazards, including very large hail and
    tornadoes. However, late initiation of storms, warm temperatures in
    the 850-700mb layer, and rapid storm interactions lend uncertainty
    regarding the evolution of this activity. Some 12z guidance
    suggests one or more bowing structures evolve out of this cluster,
    tracking eastward overnight across MN into WI and Upper MI.

    ...Western MT...
    As the aforementioned shortwave trough moves eastward, scattered
    thunderstorms are forecast to develop off the mountains of western
    MT. Widespread cloud cover will limit heating/destabilization, but
    favorable deep-layer shear may support a few rotating thunderstorms.
    Hail could occur in the strongest storms.

    ...Southeast Lower MI...
    A convectively-aided shortwave trough is moving across Lake MI and
    western Lower MI. This feature may encourage the development of
    scattered thunderstorms this afternoon over southeast Lower MI and
    western Lake Erie. These storms could produce gusty winds and hail.

    ...High Plains...
    Full sunshine will lead to steep low-level lapse rates and moderate
    CAPE values this afternoon from southwest NE into eastern NM. Deep
    mixing will likely result in widely scattered afternoon and evening thunderstorms. This high-based activity will be capable of locally
    damaging wind gusts.

    ..Hart/Squitieri.. 06/20/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 20 19:55:56 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 201955
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 201954

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0254 PM CDT Fri Jun 20 2025

    Valid 202000Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM FAR
    EASTERN MONTANA...ACROSS MUCH OF NORTH DAKOTA TO NORTHERN
    MINNESOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are likely late this afternoon into tonight
    from far eastern Montana eastward across the northern Plains and
    into the upper Mississippi Valley. Tornadoes, winds greater than 75
    mph, and hailstones greater than 2 inches in diameter will all be
    possible.

    ...20z Update Northern Plains...
    Confidence in the overall convective evolution of storms expected
    today and tonight remains low. Recent observations and CAM guidance
    show potential for isolated supercell development within a focused
    low-level upslope regime across far eastern MT and southwestern ND.
    Current expectations are that isolated storms may develop late this
    afternoon and track eastward along the stationary front in eastern
    MT and southern ND with a risk for all hazards. Given this
    potential, the Slight Risk has been expanded southwestward toward
    the MT/WY/SD border where strong heating and low-level convergence
    are being maximized near the surface low.

    Farther east across ND and western MN, confidence in surface-based
    storm initiation remains quite low owing to warm 700 mb temperatures
    (13-16 C) and mid-level ridging. However, very strong heating and
    mixing (max sfc temps near/exceeding 100 F to the south) may provide
    enough ascent for isolated high-based storm development in the early
    evening. Should they remain surface-based, they will mature within
    an extremely buoyant, and very strongly sheared air mass supportive
    of significant severe weather including; very large hail and
    tornadoes.

    A perhaps more plausible scenario is for scattered storm initiation
    from strong low-level warm advection, courtesy of a 40-60 kt
    low-level jet, later tonight across central/eastern ND. Likely
    elevated, these supercells would pose a risk for large to very large
    hail and damaging gusts before growing upscale along the front into
    the western Great Lakes overnight. Should this occur, one or more
    organized bows with significant damaging winds and a couple
    tornadoes is possible. Given the conditional risk and resulting
    uncertainties, the outlook remains largely unchanged.

    ...Florida...
    Scattered thunderstorms have developed along typical sea breeze
    boundaries across the FL Space Coast to near Tampa Bay. Moderate to
    large CAPE (2000-3000 J/kg of MLCAPE) will continue to support
    strong pulse updrafts through this evening. Some of these storms
    could produce an isolated damaging gust or small hail However, very
    weak mid and upper level flow suggests storm organization is
    unlikely and the threat will likely remain below 5%.

    ..Lyons.. 06/20/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1125 AM CDT Fri Jun 20 2025/

    ...Eastern MT/ND/MN/WI/Upper MI...
    No significant changes have been made to the ongoing outlook. Water
    vapor imagery shows a deepening upper trough over the northern
    Rockies, with a pronounced shortwave trough entering western MT.
    Strong lift associated with this trough will overspread eastern MT
    and western ND this evening, leading to the development of scattered
    supercell thunderstorms in a region of backed/upslope flow to the
    north of the surface low. These storms will track eastward through
    the evening across ND and eventually grow upscale. Very large hail
    and tornadoes will be possible for the first few hours of this
    scenario, with an increasing risk of damaging winds with time. An
    upgrade to MDT risk was considered, but will maintain ENH due to
    diversity of solutions in various model guidance and uncertainty of
    corridor of greatest threat.

    Farther east, an increasingly strong nocturnal low-level jet will
    help rapid thunderstorm development from eastern ND into MN this
    evening. Parameters in this area are very favorable for supercells
    capable of all severe hazards, including very large hail and
    tornadoes. However, late initiation of storms, warm temperatures in
    the 850-700mb layer, and rapid storm interactions lend uncertainty
    regarding the evolution of this activity. Some 12z guidance
    suggests one or more bowing structures evolve out of this cluster,
    tracking eastward overnight across MN into WI and Upper MI.

    ...Western MT...
    As the aforementioned shortwave trough moves eastward, scattered
    thunderstorms are forecast to develop off the mountains of western
    MT. Widespread cloud cover will limit heating/destabilization, but
    favorable deep-layer shear may support a few rotating thunderstorms.
    Hail could occur in the strongest storms.

    ...Southeast Lower MI...
    A convectively-aided shortwave trough is moving across Lake MI and
    western Lower MI. This feature may encourage the development of
    scattered thunderstorms this afternoon over southeast Lower MI and
    western Lake Erie. These storms could produce gusty winds and hail.

    ...High Plains...
    Full sunshine will lead to steep low-level lapse rates and moderate
    CAPE values this afternoon from southwest NE into eastern NM. Deep
    mixing will likely result in widely scattered afternoon and evening thunderstorms. This high-based activity will be capable of locally
    damaging wind gusts.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 21 01:04:24 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 210102
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 210101

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0801 PM CDT Fri Jun 20 2025

    Valid 210100Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    NORTH DAKOTA AND MINNESOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A significant swath of severe winds is expected this evening and
    tonight from the northern Plains eastward into the upper Mississippi
    Valley.

    ...Northern Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley...
    Water vapor imagery currently shows a shortwave trough moving
    through the northern High Plains. Near the trough, a line of strong
    to severe thunderstorms is ongoing across western North Dakota and
    far northwestern South Dakota. As these storms move eastward across
    the northern Plains this evening, a 60 to 70 knot mid-level jet will
    move northeastward through the Dakotas. Lift associated the left
    exit region of the jet, combined with a strongly unstable airmass
    over the eastern Dakotas and western Minnesota will be favorable for
    vigorous convective development. In response, the ongoing storms are
    expected to grow upscale into a fast-moving severe MCS. The MCS is
    forecast to track eastward across far northern South Dakota, North
    Dakota and north-central Minnesota this evening.

    At the surface, a 991 mb low will move northeastward across northern
    South Dakota this evening. A tongue of very moist air with surface
    dewpoints in the lower to mid 70s F will move northward into
    southeastern North Dakota and central Minnesota this evening. Within
    this moist airmass, strong instability is analyzed by the RAP with
    MLCAPE in the 4000 to 5000 J/kg range. The ongoing line of severe
    storms will move into this strong instability, and gradually
    intensify over the next couple of hours. RAP forecast soundings
    along the expected track of the MCS in southeastern North Dakota
    this evening have moderate to strong deep-layer shear, long and
    looped hodographs and steep mid-level lapse rates. This should be
    favorable for supercells with large hail, wind damage and tornadoes.
    A strong tornado may occur. Supercell development will be most
    likely among cells that remain semi-discrete. However, a line is
    expected to become more organized, which will make severe wind gusts
    likely along its leading edge. Gusts above 80 mph will be possible
    ahead of the more intense parts of the line. A Derecho may develop
    across parts of the northern Plains and upper Mississippi Valley
    this evening into tonight.

    As the MCS moves into central South Dakota over the next few hours,
    some short-term model forecasts develop discrete cells further to
    the east near the moist axis in the vicinity of the ND-SD-MN triple
    point. These storms are forecast to quickly expand in coverage and
    move across northwest and north-central Minnesota, ahead of the
    approaching MCS. These storms will likely be supercellular, and be
    associated with large to very large hail, wind damage and possible
    tornadoes.

    A consolidation of the two areas of convection will likely take
    place late this evening, with the severe MCS continuing to track
    eastward across north-central Minnesota. A wind-damage swath is
    expected as far east as northern Wisconsin and the western Upper
    Peninsula of Michigan. Wind gusts of 85 to 105 mph will be possible
    along parts of the MCS track.

    ...Southern Rockies/Central High Plains...
    Water vapor imagery shows southwest flow over much of the
    south-central U.S. A subtle shortwave trough appears to be located
    in the southern Rockies, where convection has increased in coverage
    over the last couple of hours. These storms will continue to move
    northeastward into the High Plains this evening. Forecast soundings
    from northeast New Mexico into northwest Kansas early this evening
    have very steep low to mid-level lapse rates. This will likely
    support a marginal threat for severe gusts, as the cells move into
    the stronger instability over the High Plains.

    ..Broyles.. 06/21/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 21 05:30:30 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 210530
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 210528

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1228 AM CDT Sat Jun 21 2025

    Valid 211200Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE GREAT LAKES REGION...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms associated with marginally severe wind gusts and hail
    will be possible today from the northern Plains into the Upper
    Mississippi Valley and Great Lakes.

    ...Great Lakes...
    A mid-level ridge will move quickly eastward into the Northeast
    today, as trailing shortwave trough moves through the Great Lakes.
    An MCS with some severe potential will likely be ongoing at the
    start of the period in the vicinity of Lake Superior.
    Warm-advection-related convection is expected to develop along the
    southern edge of the decaying MCS from the Upper Peninsula of
    Michigan eastward into northern sections of the Lower Peninsula of
    Michigan. As low-level lapse rates steepen during the morning,
    isolated damaging wind gusts will be possible with short line
    segments. During the afternoon, the brunt of the convection is
    forecast to move across southwestern Ontario. The southern edge of
    this cluster may move back into the lower 48, affecting parts of New
    York during the late afternoon. In central New York, moderate
    instability is forecast along with northwest mid-level flow around
    50 knots. This should be enough for an isolated wind-damage threat
    with the faster-moving short line segments. Hail will also be
    possible with the stronger cores.

    Further south into parts of northern Pennsylvania, moderate
    instability is forecast to develop by afternoon. Due to a lack of
    large-scale ascent, convective coverage is expected to be very
    isolated. Any cell that can initiate in the higher terrain could
    have potential for marginally severe wind gusts.

    ...Northern Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley...
    Anticyclonic southwesterly mid-level flow will be in place today
    across much of the north-central U.S. At the surface, a post-frontal
    airmass will be in place over much of the northern Plains. Behind
    the front, a moist airmass will remain over parts of the Dakotas,
    where surface heating should yield moderate instability by
    afternoon. Although large-scale ascent will remain weak across most
    of the region, pockets of low-level convergence are forecast to
    develop within this airmass. This should be enough for isolated
    convective initiation during the mid to late afternoon. Marginally
    severe wind gusts and hail will be the primary threats.

    Further west into the northern High Plains, scattered thunderstorms
    are expected to develop during the overnight period, ahead of a
    mid-level trough in the northwestern U.S. Although a relatively dry
    airmass will be in place, low to mid-level lapse rates will be
    steep, and could be enough for a marginal wind-damage threat.

    ..Broyles/Moore.. 06/21/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 21 12:39:50 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 211238
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 211236

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0736 AM CDT Sat Jun 21 2025

    Valid 211300Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS OF
    MICHIGAN AS WELL AS NORTHERN NEW YORK...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms associated with marginally severe wind gusts and hail
    will be possible today from Michigan into the Lower Great Lakes
    region. Isolated severe storms could also occur across the northern
    High Plains and Middle Missouri Valley.

    ...Great Lakes...
    Outflow and remnant convection from last night's severe MCS over the
    northern Plains and Upper Midwest is currently moving over Upper MI
    and northern MI, while the vorticity maximum is moving through far
    northwestern Ontario. General expectation is for the vorticity
    maximum to continue eastward through central Ontario and southern
    Quebec, with some ascent associated with this system glancing the
    Lower Great Lakes region tonight. The low-level jet is expected to
    persist, helping to maintain an isolated severe potential with the
    activity ongoing on the Upper Great Lakes region for the next few
    hours. There is some chance the reintensification occurs along the
    outflow later this morning across Lower MI where daytime heating
    will contribute to strengthening buoyancy. A Slight Risk was
    maintain for this scenario, although warm low/mid-level temperatures
    and resultant capping cast doubt to its viability.

    Farther east across the Lower Great Lakes region, a few late
    afternoon storms are possible as the convection currently over Lower
    MI reaches the region. Limited buoyancy should keep any severe
    threat with these storm isolated. Additionally, as previously
    mentioned, some ascent should glance the Lower Great Lakes vicinity
    late tonight/early tomorrow. Forecast soundings depict moderately
    steep mid-level lapse rates and unidirectional wind profiles
    supportive of a few strong to severe storms.

    ...Eastern MT into Western ND...
    A few elevated storms are currently ongoing across eastern MT,
    within a region of strong large-scale ascent ahead of an approaching
    shortwave trough. These isolated storms will likely persist this
    morning, with a few additional storms possible later this afternoon. Instability will be modest, limited in the overall severe potential,
    but strong shear will support organization within an updrafts than
    can mature. Isolated hail and/or damaging gusts are the primary
    severe risk.

    ...Central NE/SD/ND into the Upper Midwest...
    Surface low currently over central SD is expected to drift slowly
    eastward throughout the day, with notable low-level moisture
    advection across throughout the warm sector east of this low. This
    will allow the airmass to recover from the overnight MCS while also contributing to a sharpening warm-frontal zone. Strong to extreme
    buoyancy (i.e. MLCAPE greater from 3000 to 5000 J/kg) is expected by
    this evening along this warm front from the ND/SD border vicinity
    eastward through central MN into northern WI. Some low-level
    convergence is anticipated in this region, but height rises are
    anticipated within the large-scale environment. Additionally, warm
    mid-level temperatures (i.e. 16 to 17 deg C at 700 mb) are expected,
    capping the airmass to deep convection. Given these factors and the
    lack of convection within any of the convection-allow guidance, the
    Marginal Risk was removed from the majority of the region. The only
    exception was from central NE into southeast SD and far southwest MN
    where some late night elevated storms capable of hail are possible.

    ..Mosier/Leitman.. 06/21/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 21 16:40:46 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 211638
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 211637

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1137 AM CDT Sat Jun 21 2025

    Valid 211630Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER NORTHERN
    PORTIONS OF NEW YORK AND VERMONT...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms associated with severe wind gusts and hail will be
    possible tonight across New York and New England. Isolated severe
    storms will also be possible across portions of the Greak Lakes, the
    northern High Plains and Middle Missouri Valley.

    ...Great Lakes...
    Strong/intermittently severe thunderstorms continue across the
    northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan this morning, associated with
    the long-lived severe MCS that moved across the northern
    Plains/upper Midwest Friday afternoon and night. Although the
    immediate downstream environment is only slowly warming due to the
    presence of mid/high-level clouds, some slow destabilization is
    occurring. This will maintain at least some continued risk for a
    strong/severe storm through early afternoon across northern Lower MI
    and adjacent waters of Lake Huron.

    Across the MI Upper Peninsula, a warm front is expected to sharpen
    across this area, along with rising heights in the wake of the convectively-augmented vorticity maximum now moving through southern
    Ontario. Heating of a very moist boundary layer will result in
    strong to extreme instability (MLCAPE in excess of 3000 J/kg),
    however the presence of a pronounced cap should suppress storms
    during the afternoon. As a modest low-level jet strengthens this
    evening, isolated elevated severe storms will be possible on the
    immediate cool side of the front, within an environment supportive
    of organized storms including supercells. Large hail and damaging
    winds will be possible.

    ...NY into Western New England...
    Thunderstorms moving across Lake Huron/southwestern Ontario at 16z
    will continue east, and most morning CAM guidance suggests storms
    will remain west of western NY. Of greater concern will be the
    potential for storms to move into northern NY/western New England
    late tonight ahead of a southeast-moving cold front, where modest destabilization and strong deep-layer shear will support storm
    organization. Morning hi-res guidance supports a loosely organized
    linear structure, and perhaps supercells with an attendant risk for
    strong winds and severe hail late tonight. The Level 2/Slight Risk
    has been expanded east into northern VT based on this expectation.

    ...Eastern MT into Western ND...
    Isolated thunderstorms have weakened over eastern MT this morning,
    with additional isolated redevelopment possible this afternoon and
    tonight as ascent associated with minor perturbations within
    southwest mid-level flow moves across the area. Modest instability
    and strong deep-layer shear will support updraft organization and a
    risk for severe hail and/or damaging gusts.

    ...Central NE/SD/ND into the Upper Midwest...
    Surface low currently over central SD is expected to move little
    this afternoon, with low-level moisture advection throughout the
    warm sector east of this low. Air mass recovery/modification
    following the overnight MCS is expected, and this will contribute to
    a sharpening warm-frontal zone. Strong to extreme buoyancy (i.e.
    MLCAPE greater from 3000 to 5000 J/kg) is expected by this evening
    along this warm front from the ND/SD border vicinity eastward
    through central MN into northern WI. Some low-level convergence is
    anticipated in this region, but height rises will occur within the
    large-scale environment. Additionally, warm mid-level temperatures
    (16 to 17 deg C at 700 mb) are expected, capping the airmass to deep
    convection this afternoon. Isolated thunderstorm development will be
    possible mainly this evening as a low-level jet strengthens, with a
    risk for severe wind and isolated hail.

    ..Bunting/Jewell.. 06/21/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 21 19:59:33 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 211959
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 211958

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0258 PM CDT Sat Jun 21 2025

    Valid 212000Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PORTIONS OF
    NORTHERN NEW YORK...VERMONT AND NEW HAMPSHIRE...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms associated with severe wind gusts and hail will be
    possible tonight across New York and New England. Isolated severe
    storms will also be possible across portions of the Great Lakes, the
    northern High Plains and Middle Missouri Valley.

    ...20z Update...
    Minimal changes were made to the prior valid outlook. Thus far,
    strong convection across the Great Lakes region has remained on the
    Canadian side of the border. Continued heating and weak mid-level
    ascent overspreading a trailing composite front/lake breeze boundary
    may eventually support scattered storm development over the UP of
    Michigan this afternoon/evening. Isolated damaging gusts and some
    hail are possible with moderate CAPE and vertical shear. These
    storms should grow upscale across the lakes and through southern
    Ontario, reaching western New England late tonight as an MCS. This
    MCS may pose a risk for damaging gusts late tonight. Have adjusted
    the eastern edge of the Slight and Marginal Risk areas for the
    latest hi-res guidance.

    Otherwise the outlook remains unchanged, see the previous
    discussion.

    ..Lyons.. 06/21/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1149 AM CDT Sat Jun 21 2025/

    ...Great Lakes...
    Strong/intermittently severe thunderstorms continue across the
    northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan this morning, associated with
    the long-lived severe MCS that moved across the northern
    Plains/upper Midwest Friday afternoon and night. Although the
    immediate downstream environment is only slowly warming due to the
    presence of mid/high-level clouds, some slow destabilization is
    occurring. This will maintain at least some continued risk for a
    strong/severe storm through early afternoon across northern Lower MI
    and adjacent waters of Lake Huron.

    Across the MI Upper Peninsula, a warm front is expected to sharpen
    across this area, along with rising heights in the wake of the convectively-augmented vorticity maximum now moving through southern
    Ontario. Heating of a very moist boundary layer will result in
    strong to extreme instability (MLCAPE in excess of 3000 J/kg),
    however the presence of a pronounced cap should suppress storms
    during the afternoon. As a modest low-level jet strengthens this
    evening, isolated elevated severe storms will be possible on the
    immediate cool side of the front, within an environment supportive
    of organized storms including supercells. Large hail and damaging
    winds will be possible.

    ...NY into Western New England...
    Thunderstorms moving across Lake Huron/southwestern Ontario at 16z
    will continue east, and most morning CAM guidance suggests storms
    will remain west of western NY. Of greater concern will be the
    potential for storms to move into northern NY/western New England
    late tonight ahead of a southeast-moving cold front, where modest destabilization and strong deep-layer shear will support storm
    organization. Morning hi-res guidance supports a loosely organized
    linear structure, and perhaps supercells with an attendant risk for
    strong winds and severe hail late tonight. The Level 2/Slight Risk
    has been expanded east into northern VT based on this expectation.

    ...Eastern MT into Western ND...
    Isolated thunderstorms have weakened over eastern MT this morning,
    with additional isolated redevelopment possible this afternoon and
    tonight as ascent associated with minor perturbations within
    southwest mid-level flow moves across the area. Modest instability
    and strong deep-layer shear will support updraft organization and a
    risk for severe hail and/or damaging gusts.

    ...Central NE/SD/ND into the Upper Midwest...
    Surface low currently over central SD is expected to move little
    this afternoon, with low-level moisture advection throughout the
    warm sector east of this low. Air mass recovery/modification
    following the overnight MCS is expected, and this will contribute to
    a sharpening warm-frontal zone. Strong to extreme buoyancy (i.e.
    MLCAPE greater from 3000 to 5000 J/kg) is expected by this evening
    along this warm front from the ND/SD border vicinity eastward
    through central MN into northern WI. Some low-level convergence is
    anticipated in this region, but height rises will occur within the
    large-scale environment. Additionally, warm mid-level temperatures
    (16 to 17 deg C at 700 mb) are expected, capping the airmass to deep
    convection this afternoon. Isolated thunderstorm development will be
    possible mainly this evening as a low-level jet strengthens, with a
    risk for severe wind and isolated hail.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 22 01:04:27 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 220103
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 220101

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0801 PM CDT Sat Jun 21 2025

    Valid 220100Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    NEW YORK AND NEW ENGLAND...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms associated with severe wind gusts and hail will be
    possible tonight across New York and New England. Isolated severe
    storms will also be possible across parts of the Great Lakes and the
    central to northern Plains.

    ...Northeast/New York/Great Lakes...
    Latest water vapor imagery has a belt of strong anticyclonic flow
    located from the upper Mississippi Valley into the Great Lakes and
    Northeast. A ridge-riding mid-level shortwave trough is located over
    Ontario. At the surface, a moist airmass is in place from New York
    into western New England, where surface dewpoints are in the lower
    to mid 60s F. The low-level moisture will contribute to continued destabilization across the region, in the form of elevated
    instability, this evening into tonight. As the shortwave trough
    moves southeastward toward the Northeast, low-level flow will
    markedly strengthen. In response, convective coverage is expected to
    increase, and a line of thunderstorms appears likely to develop late
    this evening. This line is forecast to move southeastward across New
    York and western New England from late evening into the overnight
    period.

    Overnight, RAP forecast soundings ahead of the line in northern New
    York have a low-level temperature inversion, with MUCAPE in the 1500
    to 2000 J/kg range. Effective shear is forecast to be around 40
    knots. This should be favorable for a severe threat. Although much
    of the line could be elevated, isolated large hail and severe gusts
    will still be possible, mainly with the more intense component of
    the line. The line is expected to move through the western New
    England and the Hudson River Valley late tonight, approaching
    southern New England toward 12Z.

    ...Central Plains...
    Southwest mid-level flow is in place across much of the central
    Plains early this evening. At the surface, a moist airmass is
    located over much of the High Plains, with surface dewpoints mostly
    in the 60s F. In response to low-level warm advection, isolated to
    scattered thunderstorms will likely develop along the western edge
    of this moist airmass. This convection is expected to move
    northeastward across Nebraska and southeastern South Dakota this
    evening. In addition to moderate instability, mid-level lapse rates
    are very steep. This, combined with moderate deep-layer shear, will
    likely support a marginal severe threat. Hail and isolated severe
    gusts will be possible.

    ...Northern High Plains...
    A mid-level trough, evident on water vapor imagery, will move
    northeastward into the northern High Plains tonight. Ahead of the
    trough, a post-frontal airmass is in place with the western edge of
    a moist airmass located over the western Dakotas. As large-scale
    ascent increases across the northern High Plains later tonight,
    scattered thunderstorm development is expected. These storms will
    move northeastward across eastern Montana and western North Dakota,
    mainly after midnight. Weak to moderate instability, combined with
    steep lapse rates and moderate deep-layer shear should support a
    marginal severe threat. Hail and a few severe gusts will be
    possible.

    ..Broyles.. 06/22/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 22 06:01:34 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 220601
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 220600

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0100 AM CDT Sun Jun 22 2025

    Valid 221200Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE GREAT PLAINS...UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY AND NORTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop today
    across the northern Plains and Upper Mississippi Valley, some of
    which could have large hail, damaging wind gusts and an isolated
    tornado threat. Storms associated with severe gusts and hail may
    also develop across parts of the Northeast, and in the southern and
    central Plains.

    ...Great Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley...
    At mid-levels, southwest flow will be in place today across the
    Great Plains, as a trough moves into the northern Rockies. At the
    surface, a cold front will advance southeastward across the northern
    Plains, as a low moves from the eastern Dakotas into northwest
    Minnesota. The boundary will be the focus for convective
    development. To the east of the front, a very moist airmass will be
    in place with surface dewpoints in the upper 60s to mid 70s F from
    the central Plains northeastward into upper Mississippi Valley.
    Moderate to strong instability is forecast to develop across much of
    the region this afternoon. This, coupled with moderate deep-layer
    shear, will be favorable for severe thunderstorm development.

    Thunderstorms are expected to first develop across parts of North
    Dakota and northwest Minnesota this morning. This activity could be
    associated with large hail and isolated severe gusts. As surface
    temperatures warm and low-level convergence increases near the
    boundary early this afternoon, scattered storms are expected to
    develop across parts of the central and northern Plains. These
    storms will gradually grow upscale into a organized convective
    cluster, moving through eastern South Dakota and western Minnesota.
    RAP forecast soundings near Sioux Falls, SD at 21Z have MLCAPE in
    the 3000 to 3500 J/kg range with 25 to 30 knots of 0-6 km shear. In
    addition, 700-500 mb lapse rates are forecast to be near 9 C/km.
    This should be favorable for supercells and/or intense multicells
    capable of producing large hail and wind damage. Supercells that
    track through the more unstable air to the east of the front could
    produce hailstones greater than 2 inches in diameter, and have an
    isolated tornado threat. If an intense line segment can organize,
    then severe gusts above 70 mph will be possible as well.

    Further south-southwest into parts of the southern and central High
    Plains, scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop this
    afternoon and evening. Surface dewpoints in the 60s F will
    contribute to moderate instability. This, combined with very steep
    lapse rates from the surface to 700 mb, will likely support a
    marginal severe threat. Hail and a few severe gusts will be the
    primary threats.

    ...Northeast...
    A line or cluster of thunderstorms will likely be ongoing across the
    Northeast at the start of the period. The outflow boundary
    associated with this convection is expected to move south and
    southwestward into the central Appalachians of Pennsylvania and New
    York this morning. Moisture advection will result in a steady
    increase in surface dewpoints across much of the region today, with
    surface dewpoints increasing into the lower 70s F. As surface
    temperatures warm, an axis of strong destabilization is expected to
    take shape around midday. Thunderstorms that can develop near the
    boundary will move southeastward along the axis of strong
    instability. RAP forecast soundings from 18Z to 21Z near the
    boundary have MLCAPE around 3000 J/kg range, with 700-500 mb lapse
    rates of 7 C/km and moderate deep-layer shear. This should support a
    threat for large hail and damaging wind gusts during the afternoon.

    ..Broyles/Moore.. 06/22/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 22 12:41:08 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 221241
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 221239

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0739 AM CDT Sun Jun 22 2025

    Valid 221300Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE PLAINS...UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...AND THE NORTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop today
    across the northern Plains and Upper Mississippi Valley, some of
    which could produce large hail, damaging wind gusts and tornadoes.
    Storms associated with severe gusts and hail may also develop across
    parts of the Northeast, and in the southern and central Plains.

    ...Northern/Central Plains into the Upper Midwest...
    Widely scattered elevated thunderstorms are currently moving
    northeastward across the eastern Dakotas. A few stronger storms are
    embedded within these clusters and overall trends suggest increasing
    storm coverage is possible as these storms move into more of eastern
    ND and northwest/west-central MN. The airmass here is characterized
    by very steep mid-level lapse rates (around 8 to 8.5 deg C per km
    from 700 to 500 mb per recent mesoanalysis) and moderate deep-layer
    vertical shear. These environmental conditions support the potential
    for large hail within any more organized updrafts throughout the
    morning. See MCD #1400 for additional details.

    The strength and extent of these early day storms could impact
    thunderstorm chances later. However, the general expectation
    supported by all the guidance is that the airmass should easily
    recover as the surface low currently over the western SD/NE border
    vicinity shifts northeastward across SD and moderate/strong
    southerly surface winds persist through the warm sector. By 21Z, the
    surface low will likely be over northeast SD with a cold front
    extending north-northeastward to a secondary low over northern MN.
    Warm mid-level temperatures will cap the airmass until after 21Z,
    when isolated development appears possible across northern MN.
    Another scenario is for early afternoon initiation behind the front
    across ND, supported by a weak vorticity maximum moving out of
    western SD. These storms could then gradually move northeastward
    into the more unstable airmass farther east. In either case, any
    warm-sector development would likely be supercellular and capable of
    all severe hazards, including very large hail up to 2" in diameter,
    gusts to 75 mph, and tornadoes. The warm front is currently expected
    to be just north of the international border, keeping the best
    tornado environment in Canada. Upscale growth into a
    forward-progressing MCS is possible, but there is currently low
    confidence in the overall storm evolution.

    Additional development is also possible farther south from
    central/eastern NE into eastern SD this evening. This activity
    should initially be elevated with hail as the primary risk. A
    general northeastward motion is anticipated and there is some chance
    for this activity to begin interacting with the frontal zone. If
    that occurs, some strong gusts are also possible throughout the
    evening.

    Lastly, late afternoon thunderstorm development appears probable
    across far eastern WY, the NE Panhandle, and southwest SD. High
    storm bases coupled with modest buoyancy, deep mixing, and steep
    low-level lapse rates will support the potential for strong outflow
    with this activity.

    ...Central/Southern High Plains...
    Low-level moisture advection and related airmass destabilization
    coupled with low-level convergence along the lee trough is expected
    to result in widespread convective initiation from eastern
    CO/western KS through eastern NM and into far west TX. Vertical
    shear will be modest, likely resulting in a predominantly
    outflow-dominant storm structure and the potential for damaging wind
    gusts. Some isolated hail is possible as well.

    ...Northeast...
    Remnants of an overnight MCS currently cover much of the Northeast,
    with the strongest storms confined to just north of the outflow
    along its western periphery. Given the extensive precipitation
    ongoing, this outflow will likely shift gradually
    south-southwestward throughout the morning. Warm-air advection along
    this boundary will weaken throughout the day as upper ridging builds
    northward into the region. Even so, low-level convergence along this
    boundary will likely continue, and there is some chance for
    thunderstorms to persist along this boundary as well. Steepening
    mid-level lapse rates and resulting strong buoyancy will support a
    conditional risk for severe thunderstorms during the
    afternoon/evening in the vicinity of this boundary. Large hail and
    damaging gusts are the primary risk with any storms that do develop.

    ..Mosier/Dean.. 06/22/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 22 16:37:56 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 221637
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 221636

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1136 AM CDT Sun Jun 22 2025

    Valid 221630Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE UPPER
    MIDWEST TO THE CENTRAL/SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS AND OVER PORTIONS OF THE NORTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop today
    across the northern Plains and Upper Mississippi Valley, some of
    which could produce large hail, damaging wind gusts and tornadoes.
    Storms associated with severe gusts and hail may also develop across
    parts of the Northeast, and in the southern and central Plains.

    ...Northern/Central Plains into the Upper Midwest...
    A warm front extends northeast from a surface low over northern SD
    across northern MN and east across the northern Great Lakes. This
    warm front should lift north through the day, while a cold front
    extends southwest of the surface low into northeast CO.
    Thunderstorms over eastern ND/northwest MN have produced near severe
    gusts as they continue to move northeast towards the international
    border.

    Redevelopment of thunderstorms is anticipated towards late afternoon
    or early evening across eastern ND/western MN southward into eastern
    SD as a weak mid-level perturbation lifts northeast across the area, contributing large-scale ascent and weakening the capping inversion.
    These storms will move east/northeast within a strongly unstable air
    mass and include a mix of supercell and cluster modes with a risk
    for large to very large hail initially, and transition into an
    increasing wind threat with time. Tornado potential appears to be
    greatest over northern MN, where low-level SRH will be maximized.

    The potential for elevated, post-frontal thunderstorm development
    across the NE Panhandle will exist later this afternoon/evening,
    with storms moving east and posing a risk initially for severe hail.
    The severe wind potential will increase with eastward extent as
    storms congeal and tap greater surface instability farther east.

    ...Central/Southern High Plains...
    Low-level moisture advection and related airmass destabilization
    coupled with low-level convergence along the lee trough is expected
    to result in thunderstorm development from eastern CO/western KS
    through eastern NM and into far west TX. Vertical shear will be
    modest, likely resulting in predominantly outflow-dominant storm
    structures and the potential for damaging wind gusts. Some isolated
    hail is also possible with the strongest/more persistent updrafts.

    ...Northeast...
    Overall storm intensity along the western flank of outflow from the
    long-lived MCS remains sub severe, and have narrowed the Marginal
    and Slight Risk areas to along and immediately southwest of the
    convective line. Substantial diurnal heating of a very moist air
    mass, and 30-40 kts of effective shear, may support some severe
    potential as storms move generally southward along the eastern
    periphery of the mid-level ridge. Isolated to widely scattered
    strong/severe wind gusts will be possible, in addition to isolated
    hail reports given seasonably steep mid-level lapse rates.

    ..Bunting/Squitieri.. 06/22/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 22 20:03:55 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 222002
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 222000

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0300 PM CDT Sun Jun 22 2025

    Valid 222000Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE MIDWEST
    TO PORTIONS OF THE CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN PLAINS....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are expected today across the
    northern Plains and Upper Mississippi Valley, some of which could
    produce large hail, damaging wind gusts and tornadoes. Storms
    associated with severe gusts and hail may also develop across parts
    of the southern and central Plains, and Northeast.

    ...20z Update Central/Northern Plains...
    Current surface and satellite observations show strong heating
    occurring from far eastern WY, into the NE panhandle within a
    post-frontal upslope flow regime. As ascent from the primary trough
    across the northern Rockies moves overhead, storm initiation appears
    likely this afternoon. Weak destabilization, with moderate
    deep-layer shear suggests a few supercells are likely with hail and
    damaging winds the primary risk. A brief tornado is also possible
    with the stronger surface-based supercells given strong low-level
    veering. The MRGL and SLGT boundaries have been adjusted westward to
    better align with expected storm initiation along the terrain and
    stalled front. See MCD#1403 for additional short-term info.

    To the north across eastern SD/ND and MN, the severe risk continues
    largely as expected. Strong heating ahead of a surface low and warm
    front will support scattered storm development this afternoon and
    evening. Deep-layer shear will support supercells and clusters
    capable of all severe hazards. Storms will continue eastward this
    evening and overnight across northern MN with damaging gusts and
    hail likely.

    ...Northeast...
    In the wake of an earlier MCS, strong heating remains evident along
    a remnant outflow boundary from eastern PA into southwestern NY
    state. However, mid-level height rises and subsidence are evident in
    visible/WV imagery and will continue to suppress convective
    development over much of the region. An isolated storm or two
    remains possible along the boundary through late this afternoon, but
    more widespread convective coverage is unlikely. Should storms form,
    a strong/severe wind gusts will be possible, in addition to sporadic
    hail, given seasonably large buoyancy and steep mid-level lapse
    rates. With decreased confidence in storm development/coverage, have
    opted to remove the SLGT risk and continue with 5% wind/hail
    probabilities.

    ..Lyons.. 06/22/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1136 AM CDT Sun Jun 22 2025/

    ...Northern/Central Plains into the Upper Midwest...
    A warm front extends northeast from a surface low over northern SD
    across northern MN and east across the northern Great Lakes. This
    warm front should lift north through the day, while a cold front
    extends southwest of the surface low into northeast CO.
    Thunderstorms over eastern ND/northwest MN have produced near severe
    gusts as they continue to move northeast towards the international
    border.

    Redevelopment of thunderstorms is anticipated towards late afternoon
    or early evening across eastern ND/western MN southward into eastern
    SD as a weak mid-level perturbation lifts northeast across the area, contributing large-scale ascent and weakening the capping inversion.
    These storms will move east/northeast within a strongly unstable air
    mass and include a mix of supercell and cluster modes with a risk
    for large to very large hail initially, and transition into an
    increasing wind threat with time. Tornado potential appears to be
    greatest over northern MN, where low-level SRH will be maximized.

    The potential for elevated, post-frontal thunderstorm development
    across the NE Panhandle will exist later this afternoon/evening,
    with storms moving east and posing a risk initially for severe hail.
    The severe wind potential will increase with eastward extent as
    storms congeal and tap greater surface instability farther east.

    ...Central/Southern High Plains...
    Low-level moisture advection and related airmass destabilization
    coupled with low-level convergence along the lee trough is expected
    to result in thunderstorm development from eastern CO/western KS
    through eastern NM and into far west TX. Vertical shear will be
    modest, likely resulting in predominantly outflow-dominant storm
    structures and the potential for damaging wind gusts. Some isolated
    hail is also possible with the strongest/more persistent updrafts.

    ...Northeast...
    Overall storm intensity along the western flank of outflow from the
    long-lived MCS remains sub severe, and have narrowed the Marginal
    and Slight Risk areas to along and immediately southwest of the
    convective line. Substantial diurnal heating of a very moist air
    mass, and 30-40 kts of effective shear, may support some severe
    potential as storms move generally southward along the eastern
    periphery of the mid-level ridge. Isolated to widely scattered
    strong/severe wind gusts will be possible, in addition to isolated
    hail reports given seasonably steep mid-level lapse rates.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 23 00:39:44 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 230038
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 230036

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0736 PM CDT Sun Jun 22 2025

    Valid 230100Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE GREAT PLAINS AND UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms will continue this evening
    across parts of the northern Plains and Upper Mississippi Valley,
    some of which could produce large hail, damaging wind gusts and
    tornadoes. Storms associated with marginally severe gusts and hail
    will also be likely across parts of the southern and central Plains.

    ...Central and Northern Plains/Upper Mississippi Valley...
    A mid-level trough is evident on water vapor imagery over the
    northern Rockies, with southwest flow located over the northern
    Plains and upper Mississippi Valley. At the surface, a 997 mb low is
    located in far southeast North Dakota with a cold front extending
    southwestward from the low into eastern South Dakota and central
    Nebraska. Surface dewpoints ahead of the front are in the 70s F
    across the upper Mississippi Valley, with mostly 60s F located over
    parts of the mid Missouri Valley and central Plains. The RAP has
    moderate to strong instability analyzed ahead the front, with the
    highest instability in north-central Minnesota where MLCAPE is
    estimated to be near 4000 J/kg. Scattered thunderstorms are ongoing
    near the front in north-central Nebraska, and in the post-frontal
    airmass in western Nebraska. This activity is being supported by
    subtle shortwave trough moving through the central High Plains. As
    low-level flow ramps up this evening, storm coverage is expected to
    gradually increase, with the storms moving northeastward into
    southern and eastern South Dakota later this evening. Additional
    storms appear likely to develop over parts of Minnesota.

    Near the front from eastern South Dakota into northwest Minnesota,
    RAP forecast soundings suggest that 0-6 km shear will be mostly
    between 30 and 40 knots this evening. In addition, 700-500 mb lapse
    rates will be near 8 C/km. This environment should support
    supercells with large hail. Hailstones greater than 2 inches in
    diameter will be possible, mainly over west-central and northern
    Minnesota where the strongest instability is analyzed. Some
    short-term models also show potential for short intense line
    segments. If a line can become organized and remain persistent, the
    potential for severe gusts would be pronounced, with wind gusts
    above 70 mph possible. A tornado threat will also be likely with
    supercells, and bowing line segments.

    ...Southern and Central High Plains...
    Southwest mid-level flow is evident on water vapor imagery over the
    southern and central High Plains. At the surface, a 998 mb low is
    located in far southwest Nebraska with a moist airmass located to
    the south and southeast of the low across much of the central and
    southern High Plains. Scattered thunderstorms are ongoing from
    eastern New Mexico into the Texas Panhandle. The storms are being
    supported by a subtle shortwave trough evident on water vapor
    imagery. The storms will continue to move eastward into the stronger instability this evening. The Amarillo 00Z sounding has very steep
    low to mid-level lapse rates, with surface dewpoints in the 60s and
    about 2000 J/kg of MLCAPE. This should support a threat for isolated
    severe gusts this evening. Hail will also be possible with the
    stronger cores. The severe threat could expand north-northeastward
    into western Kansas as low-level flow increases this evening.

    ..Broyles.. 06/23/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 23 05:42:14 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 230542
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 230540

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1240 AM CDT Mon Jun 23 2025

    Valid 231200Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL PLAINS...MID MISSOURI VALLEY...UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY
    AND GREAT LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Storms with isolated severe wind gusts and hail will be possible
    today from the southern and central Plains northeastward into the
    Great Lakes.

    ...Central Plains/Mid Missouri Valley/Upper Mississippi Valley/Great
    Lakes...
    At mid-levels, an anticyclone will remain over much of the eastern
    U.S. today, as southwesterly flow remains over the north-central
    states. At the surface, a cold front will advance southeastward into
    the upper Mississippi and mid Missouri Valleys extending
    southwestward into the central Plains. Ahead of the front, surface
    dewpoints in the lower 70s F will contribute to moderate
    destabilization during the day. As low-level convergence increases
    along the front, somewhat widely spaced convection is expected to
    initiate. From this convection, several clusters of storms are
    expected to move eastward toward an axis of instability. Along and
    near the instability axis from northeast Kansas into southern
    Wisconsin, deep-layer shear is expected to be modest. However,
    low-level lapse rates will become steep in the afternoon, which
    could support a potential for isolated severe wind gusts. The severe
    threat is expected to be strongly diurnal, with the greatest threat
    occurring in the late afternoon and early evening.

    ...Southern and Central High Plains...
    Southwesterly mid-level flow will remain in place today across much
    of the south-central U.S. At the surface, a cold front will advance southeastward across the central High Plains. Ahead of the front,
    surface dewpoints will be in the 60s F. As surface temperatures warm
    during the day, an axis of moderate instability will develop ahead
    of the front from eastern New Mexico into southwest Kansas. Although
    deep-layer shear is forecast to be relatively weak along this
    corridor, the moderate instability combined with steep low to
    mid-level lapse rates may be enough for a marginal wind-damage
    threat.

    ...Northern Maine...
    At mid-levels, northwest flow will be in place today across northern
    New England, where heights will rise substantially. At the surface,
    a moist airmass will be located across much of the Northeast, where
    surface dewpoints will be mostly from the mid 60s to the lower 70S
    F. As surface temperatures warm today, isolated convection
    initiation may occur along an axis of low-level convergence in
    northern Maine. In addition to the instability, moderate deep-layer
    shear will be in place. This could support a marginal wind-damage
    threat during the early to mid afternoon.

    ..Broyles/Moore.. 06/23/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 23 12:23:44 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 231223
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 231221

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0721 AM CDT Mon Jun 23 2025

    Valid 231300Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE CENTRAL
    PLAINS INTO THE UPPER MS VALLEY AND UPPER GREAT LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Storms with isolated severe wind gusts and hail will be possible
    today from the southern and central Plains northeastward into the
    Great Lakes.

    ...Central Plains into the Upper MS Valley and Upper Great Lakes... Early-morning satellite imagery shows a shortwave trough progressing
    through ND and southern SK/MB. Surface analysis places the low
    associated with this shortwave over far northwestern ON, with an
    attendant cold front arcing from this low through the MN arrowhead
    and back through south-central MN, northwest IA,
    eastern/south-central NE to another low in northwest KS. Showers and thunderstorms are ongoing along this frontal zone from northeast NE
    into southern MN.

    Expectation is for the shortwave trough to continue northeastward
    through far northwest ON throughout the day, with the primary
    surface low also tracking northeastward just ahead of its parent
    shortwave. Gradual eastward/southeastward progress of the cold front
    is anticipated, although its forward progression will slow with
    time, particularly from the Mid MO Valley southwestward into the
    southern High Plains. A warm and moist airmass exists ahead of this
    front, with temperatures expected to reach the mid 80s to low 90s
    amid dewpoints in the upper 60s to low 70s. These conditions will
    result in strong buoyancy and little to no convective inhibition
    along much of the front by 21Z.

    Large-scale forcing for ascent will be negligible, but persist
    low-level convergence should be enough to initiate deep convection,
    with numerous to widespread thunderstorms anticipated. The stronger
    deep-layer vertical shear will lag behind the front across much of
    the region, but steep low-level lapse rates and ample moisture
    should still result in sporadic damaging gusts. There will be better
    overlap between the shear and buoyancy from WI into MI, and there is
    some chance for one or more forward-propagating line segments in
    this area. Some isolated hail is possible within the more robust
    early-stage storms. Storm mergers could also result in updrafts
    briefly becoming strong enough to produce hail.

    ...Southern and Central High Plains...
    Numerous thunderstorms are expected to develop during the afternoon
    amid persistent low-level convergence within the warm, moist, and
    weakly sheared airmass over the region. The lack of stronger shear
    will result in largely outflow-dominant storm structures. Given the
    high cloud bases and steep low-level lapse rates, damaging gusts are
    possible with the stronger storms.

    ...Northern ME...
    A convectively augmented vorticity maximum currently over
    northeastern ON is forecast progress eastward through southern QC
    and into the Canadian Maritimes during the period. Showers and
    thunderstorms will accompany this vorticity max, with a few stronger
    storms potentially glancing northern ME this evening. Moderately low
    to mid-level westerly flow will support the threat for some damaging
    gusts as these storms move through the region.

    ...Southeast...
    Scattered to numerous diurnally driven thunderstorm are expected
    across the region today. Shear will be weak, with a multicellular
    pulse mode anticipated. Given the ample moisture and likelihood of
    storm interactions, a few strong, water-loaded downbursts are
    possible. Limited coverage precludes the need for any severe
    probabilities.

    ..Mosier/Leitman.. 06/23/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 23 16:24:14 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 231624
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 231622

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1122 AM CDT Mon Jun 23 2025

    Valid 231630Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    THROUGH LATE EVENING FROM THE CENTRAL PLAINS TO THE UPPER GREAT
    LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Storms with occasional damaging outflow gusts and marginally severe
    hail will be possible today from the southern and central Plains
    northeastward into the Great Lakes.

    ...Upper Great Lakes to the Plains this afternoon/evening...
    A surface cold front will make slow southeastward progress from WI
    to IA and KS, in the wake of a primary shortwave trough moving over
    western ON. Surface heating is ongoing ahead of the front, where boundary-layer dewpoints range from the upper 60s to lower 70s
    beneath midlevel lapse rates of 7-8 C/km, which will drive MLCAPE of
    2000-3000 J/kg. Convective inhibition will likewise weaken by
    early-mid afternoon, when thunderstorm development is likely along
    the front and differential heating zone in the SLGT risk corridor.
    Deep-layer flow will be a little stronger toward WI in closer
    proximity to the main belt of westerlies, where a mix clusters/line
    segments and transient supercell structures will be possible. The
    primary severe threat will be damaging outflow winds (60-70 mph)
    from roughly 20z-03z, though isolated large hail of 1-1.5 inches in
    diameter may also occur with the strongest storms.

    More loosely organized storm clusters are expected this afternoon
    through this evening into the southern High Plains, where
    thermodynamic profiles will favor isolated severe downbursts.

    ...Northern Maine later this evening...
    Around the northern periphery of a closed midlevel high over the
    Appalachians, a series of embedded speed maxima will move over ON/QC
    through tonight. Boundary-layer dewpoints in the 60s beneath
    midlevel lapse rates near 7 C/km, in combination with daytime
    heating, will boost MLCAPE to 1500-2000 J/kg with minimal convective
    inhibition by late afternoon. Thunderstorm development is expected
    upstream across QC in association with an embedded speed max/surface
    wave, and this convection will approach northern ME by late
    evening/early tonight. Though buoyancy will slowly weaken with the
    loss of daytime heating, low-level hodograph curvature and
    deep-layer westerly shear should be sufficient for an organized
    storm cluster to reach ME before weakening overnight. Isolated
    damaging winds will be the main threat with these storms.

    ..Thompson/Squitieri.. 06/23/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 23 19:57:58 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 231956
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 231954

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0254 PM CDT Mon Jun 23 2025

    Valid 232000Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    THROUGH LATE EVENING FROM THE CENTRAL PLAINS TO THE UPPER GREAT
    LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Storms with occasional damaging outflow gusts and marginally severe
    hail will be possible today from the southern and central Plains
    northeastward into the Great Lakes.

    ...20z Update...
    Marginal hail and tornado probabilities were introduced across
    western Maine with this update. CAM guidance suggests supercells
    moving out of southern Quebec may track into western Maine. The
    moist and unstable environment across this region would be
    supportive of hail, wind, and perhaps a tornado as 850 mb flow
    increases through the evening.

    Otherwise, the forecast remains on track with no updates needed. See
    previous discussion for more information.

    ..Thornton.. 06/23/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1122 AM CDT Mon Jun 23 2025/

    ...Upper Great Lakes to the Plains this afternoon/evening...
    A surface cold front will make slow southeastward progress from WI
    to IA and KS, in the wake of a primary shortwave trough moving over
    western ON. Surface heating is ongoing ahead of the front, where boundary-layer dewpoints range from the upper 60s to lower 70s
    beneath midlevel lapse rates of 7-8 C/km, which will drive MLCAPE of
    2000-3000 J/kg. Convective inhibition will likewise weaken by
    early-mid afternoon, when thunderstorm development is likely along
    the front and differential heating zone in the SLGT risk corridor.
    Deep-layer flow will be a little stronger toward WI in closer
    proximity to the main belt of westerlies, where a mix clusters/line
    segments and transient supercell structures will be possible. The
    primary severe threat will be damaging outflow winds (60-70 mph)
    from roughly 20z-03z, though isolated large hail of 1-1.5 inches in
    diameter may also occur with the strongest storms.

    More loosely organized storm clusters are expected this afternoon
    through this evening into the southern High Plains, where
    thermodynamic profiles will favor isolated severe downbursts.

    ...Northern Maine later this evening...
    Around the northern periphery of a closed midlevel high over the
    Appalachians, a series of embedded speed maxima will move over ON/QC
    through tonight. Boundary-layer dewpoints in the 60s beneath
    midlevel lapse rates near 7 C/km, in combination with daytime
    heating, will boost MLCAPE to 1500-2000 J/kg with minimal convective
    inhibition by late afternoon. Thunderstorm development is expected
    upstream across QC in association with an embedded speed max/surface
    wave, and this convection will approach northern ME by late
    evening/early tonight. Though buoyancy will slowly weaken with the
    loss of daytime heating, low-level hodograph curvature and
    deep-layer westerly shear should be sufficient for an organized
    storm cluster to reach ME before weakening overnight. Isolated
    damaging winds will be the main threat with these storms.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jun 24 00:41:19 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 240041
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 240039

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0739 PM CDT Mon Jun 23 2025

    Valid 240100Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE LOWER TO MID MISSOURI VALLEY NORTHEASTWARD INTO THE GREAT
    LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe wind gusts will be possible this evening from the
    southern and central Plains northeastward into the Great Lakes. A
    few severe gusts will also be possible in parts of northern Maine.

    ...Great Lakes/Mid to Upper Mississippi Valley/Lower to Mid Missouri
    Valley/ Southern and Central Plains...
    A large mid-level anticyclone is in place over much of the eastern
    U.S. today, with southwest mid-level flow over the central states.
    At the surface, a cold front is located from north-central Kansas
    northeastward to southern Wisconsin.. Scattered thunderstorms are
    ongoing near the front. Surface dewpoints ahead of the front are
    mostly in the 70s F, which is contributing to a
    southwest-to-northeast corridor of moderate instability. The RAP
    currently is estimating MLCAPE along this corridor in the 2000 to
    3500 J/kg range. Along the instability axis, RAP forecast soundings
    and regional 00Z soundings suggest that 0-3 km lapse rates are in
    the 7 to 7.5 C/km range. This should support a potential for
    isolated severe wind gusts, associated with the more intense
    multicell line segments. The severe threat is expected to persist
    for a few more hours.

    Further southwest into the southern and central High Plains,
    scattered thunderstorms are ongoing. A moist airmass is present
    across much of the region, with surface dewpoints generally in the
    60s F. The latest RAP has MLCAPE in the 1000 to 2000 J/kg range in
    most areas. This, combined with steep low to mid-level lapse rates,
    will support a marginal threat for severe gusts early this evening.

    ...Northern Maine...
    On water vapor imagery, flow is west-northwesterly across much of
    the Northeast, with a subtle shortwave trough moving through the
    flow. Associated with the trough, a line of thunderstorms is ongoing
    in southern Quebec. This line will move east-southeastward across
    central and northern Maine this evening. Ahead of the line, surface
    dewpoints are in the upper 60s and lower 70s F, which is
    contributing to weak instability. In addition, RAP forecast
    soundings across northern Maine early this evening, have some
    directional shear in the low-levels, with 25 to 35 knots of
    mid-level flow. This may be enough for a few marginally severe wind
    gusts along the leading edge of the line during the early to mid
    evening.

    ..Broyles.. 06/24/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jun 24 05:35:17 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 240535
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 240533

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1233 AM CDT Tue Jun 24 2025

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL AND NORTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Storms associated with very large hail and severe wind gusts will be
    likely this afternoon and evening in parts of the central and
    northern High Plains. Marginally severe storms will be possible this
    afternoon from part of the central and northern Plains eastward into
    the Northeast.

    ...Central and Northern High Plains...
    A mid-level anticyclone will remain in place today across much of
    the southeastern third of the nation, as west-northwesterly
    mid-level flow continues from the north-central U.S. into the Great
    Lakes. At the surface, a post-frontal airmass will be located over
    the central and northern High Plains, where surface dewpoints will
    be mostly from the mid 50s to the mid 60s F. As surface temperatures
    warm during the day, moderate instability will develop across parts
    of the region, and scattered convection will initiate in the higher
    terrain. These storms will move eastward into the lower elevations
    of the High Plains this afternoon.

    RAP forecast soundings from eastern Wyoming into northeastern
    Colorado at 21Z have 40 to 50 knots of deep-layer shear, with
    700-500 mb lapse rates around 8 C/Km. This environment will support
    the development of supercells with large hail. Hailstones of greater
    than 2 inches in diameter will be possible with supercells that
    become particularly intense. In areas where convective coverage is
    greatest, the cells could congeal into short line segments capable
    of severe gusts. The severe threat should be greatest from late
    afternoon to mid evening.

    ....Central and Northern Plains/Mid to Upper Mississippi
    Valley/Lower Great Lakes/Northeast...
    The northern edge of a mid-level anticyclone will remain from the
    mid Mississippi Valley east-northeastward into the central
    Appalachians today. To the north of the anticyclone,
    west-southwesterly mid-level flow will be in place. At the surface,
    a front will be positioned from the central Plains
    east-northeastward into the lower Great Lakes and Northeast. Near
    and to the south of the front, surface dewpoints from the mid 60s to
    the lower 70s F will contribute to the development of moderate
    instability by afternoon. This, along with increasing low-level
    convergence near the front, will result in scattered convective
    initiation. Several clusters or line segments are expected to
    develop and move eastward into the stronger instability. Although
    deep-layer shear will remain on the marginal side for organized
    storms, low-level lapse rates will become steep in the mid to late
    afternoon. This could support a marginal wind-damage threat with the
    stronger multicell line segments in areas that heat up the most.

    ..Broyles/Moore.. 06/24/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jun 24 12:39:21 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 241239
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 241238

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0738 AM CDT Tue Jun 24 2025

    Valid 241300Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE NORTHERN AND CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Storms associated with very large hail and severe wind gusts will be
    likely this afternoon and evening in parts of the central and
    northern High Plains. Marginally severe storms will be possible this
    afternoon from part of the central and northern Plains eastward into
    the Northeast.

    ...Synopsis...
    Early morning satellite imagery shows an expansive upper ridge over
    much of the eastern CONUS, and upper troughing across the Great
    Basin vicinity. A northern-stream shortwave trough currently over SK
    is forecast to progress quickly eastward through MB and ON, leading
    to some dampening of the eastern CONUS ridge. Several convectively
    augmented vorticity maxima are also expected to move through the
    northern and central High Plains ahead of the more substantial
    shortwave trough moving across the Great Basin. This evolution will
    lead to some dampening of the northwestern periphery of this ridge
    as well.

    Like the upper pattern, the surface pattern is currently dominated
    by eastern CONUS ridging, with an ill-defined frontal zone between
    the warm and moist airmass under the ridge and a more continental
    airmass across the northern Plains and Upper MS Valley. Recent
    surface analysis places a low over western KS with a stationary
    boundary extending northeastward from this low to another low over
    WI. A more progressive cold front extends northeastward from the WI
    low through central ON. The moist airmass (i.e. dewpoints in the
    70s) south of this boundary will destabilize with daytime heating,
    and scattered thunderstorm development is anticipated amid modest
    low-level convergence during the afternoon from the central Plains
    through the Great Lakes region into the Northeast. Vertical shear
    will be weak, limiting storm strength/organization and contributing
    to an outflow-dominant storm mode. Damaging gusts will be possible
    with any of the stronger line segments. Greater severe potential is
    expected across the northern and central High Plains (discussed
    below).

    ...Northern/Central High Plains...
    Post-frontal southeasterly upslope flow is anticipated across the
    region today, helping to offset diurnal mixing and keep dewpoints in
    the upper 50s/low 60s this afternoon. The increased low-level
    moisture and strong heating will foster airmass destabilization by
    the early afternoon, with scattered to numerous thunderstorm
    expected. Initiation is expected over the higher terrain before then
    moving northeastward into the lower elevations. Vertical shear will
    be strong enough to support supercells initially capable of
    producing large to very large hail. A trend towards more
    outflow-dominant structures is anticipated with time, with one or
    more line segments capable of strong to severe gusts developing.
    This outflow-dominant character is forecast to limit the tornado
    threat, but a locally enhanced threat may exist from southeast WY
    into the southern NE Panhandle and far northeast CO where the best
    overlap between low-level moisture and southeasterly surface winds
    is expected.

    ...Southern Rockies...
    Increasing low to mid-level moisture will support numerous to
    widespread thunderstorms across the southern Rockies today. Very
    shear will be weak, promoting a mostly disorganized multicellular
    mode.

    ..Mosier/Leitman.. 06/24/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jun 24 16:13:21 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 241613
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 241611

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1111 AM CDT Tue Jun 24 2025

    Valid 241630Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
    EVENING OVER THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Storms associated with large hail and severe wind gusts will be
    likely this afternoon and evening in parts of the central and
    northern High Plains. Marginally severe storms will be possible this
    afternoon from part of the central Plains eastward into the
    Northeast - and in the mountains of Tennessee, North Carolina, and
    southern Virginia.

    ...High Plains...
    Deep east-southeasterly upslope flow is present this morning across
    the High Plains of WY/CO. Surface dewpoints in the mid-upper 50s,
    coupled with thinning clouds and strong afternoon heating will yield
    a corridor of moderate CAPE across much of eastern WY and northeast/east-central CO. Thunderstorms are expected to initiate
    off the higher terrain by early afternoon and spread northeastward
    with risk of large hail and damaging wind gusts for several hours.

    ...Lower MI/Northern IN/OH...
    A weak surface cold front extends across southern Lower MI today,
    with dewpoints in the low-mid 70s to the south of the boundary.
    This air mass is heating rapidly and should become very unstable,
    leading to scattered afternoon thunderstorms. Hot surface
    temperatures and steep low-level lapse rates will promote
    gusty/damaging wind gusts in the strongest cells.

    ...TN/NC/VA Mountains...
    A hot and humid surface air mass is in place today over the
    mountains of east TN, western NC, and southern VA. This should lead
    to widely scattered thunderstorm development. Winds aloft are weak,
    but steep low-mid level lapse rates, ample dry air aloft, and
    considerable CAPE will promote strong downdrafts and small hail in
    the strongest cells.

    ..Hart/Squitieri.. 06/24/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jun 24 19:59:23 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 241959
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 241957

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0257 PM CDT Tue Jun 24 2025

    Valid 242000Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
    EVENING OVER THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS AND SEPARATELY OVER PARTS OF
    THE NORTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Large hail and severe wind gusts are likely this afternoon and
    evening in parts of the central and northern High Plains. Damaging
    wind gusts are also expected across parts of northern New York into
    Vermont this afternoon.

    ...20Z Update...
    The primary change with this update was the addition of a Slight
    Risk (driven by 15-percent wind probabilities) over parts of
    northern NY into northern VT. Here, temperatures have warmed into
    the upper 80s/lower 90s amid upper 60s/lower 70s dewpoints --
    contributing to moderate-strong surface-based instability. As storms
    continue tracking/developing eastward into northern NY, around 40 kt
    of deep-layer shear accompanying a glancing midlevel speed maximum
    should promote several small/loosely organized storm clusters
    capable of producing damaging wind gusts through this afternoon. For
    details on the severe risk in the central High Plains, reference
    Severe Thunderstorm Watch 458.

    ..Weinman.. 06/24/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1111 AM CDT Tue Jun 24 2025/

    ...High Plains...
    Deep east-southeasterly upslope flow is present this morning across
    the High Plains of WY/CO. Surface dewpoints in the mid-upper 50s,
    coupled with thinning clouds and strong afternoon heating will yield
    a corridor of moderate CAPE across much of eastern WY and northeast/east-central CO. Thunderstorms are expected to initiate
    off the higher terrain by early afternoon and spread northeastward
    with risk of large hail and damaging wind gusts for several hours.

    ...Lower MI/Northern IN/OH...
    A weak surface cold front extends across southern Lower MI today,
    with dewpoints in the low-mid 70s to the south of the boundary.
    This air mass is heating rapidly and should become very unstable,
    leading to scattered afternoon thunderstorms. Hot surface
    temperatures and steep low-level lapse rates will promote
    gusty/damaging wind gusts in the strongest cells.

    ...TN/NC/VA Mountains...
    A hot and humid surface air mass is in place today over the
    mountains of east TN, western NC, and southern VA. This should lead
    to widely scattered thunderstorm development. Winds aloft are weak,
    but steep low-mid level lapse rates, ample dry air aloft, and
    considerable CAPE will promote strong downdrafts and small hail in
    the strongest cells.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 25 01:02:02 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 250059
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 250057

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0757 PM CDT Tue Jun 24 2025

    Valid 250100Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL AND NORTHERN PLAINS...AND IN PARTS OF THE NORTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Large hail and severe wind gusts will be possible this evening in
    parts of the central and northern High Plains. Isolated damaging
    wind gusts will also be possible across parts of northern New York
    into Vermont and New Hampshire early this evening.

    ...Central and Northern High Plains...
    According to water vapor imagery, mid-level anticyclonic
    southwesterly flow is currently present across much of the
    north-central U.S. At the surface, a 1012 mb low is analyzed over
    far eastern Colorado, with an upslope flow regime located over much
    of the central and northern High Plains. Surface dewpoints within
    the post-frontal airmass are mostly in the 60s F, which is
    contributing to moderate instability over much of the region.
    Scattered thunderstorms are ongoing along the western edge of the
    moist airmass from eastern Colorado into southwest Nebraska.
    Isolated storms are ongoing near the instability axis in central
    Wyoming. As low-level flow increases early this evening, convective
    coverage will likely be maintained as the storms move northeastward
    into the lower elevations.

    The most favorable environment for supercells appears to be in
    central Wyoming. RAP forecast to the northwest of Casper, WY early
    this evening have 0-6 km shear around 60 knots with 700-500 mb lapse
    rates near 8.5 C/km. This may support a threat for isolated large
    hail. Further to the southeast into parts of northeast Colorado and
    southwest Nebraska, a cluster of strong to severe storms is ongoing.
    Although a supercell will be possible within this cluster, the more
    common storm type should be multicellular. This storm mode will
    favorable severe gusts as the primary threat, especially with short
    intense line segments.

    Further to the east across parts of the central Plains, lower
    Missouri Valley and southern Great Lakes, scattered thunderstorms
    are ongoing near a front. Surface dewpoints in the upper 60s and
    lower 70s F, combined with moderate instability and steep low-level
    lapse rates, may be enough for marginally severe gusts early this
    evening.

    ...Northern New York/Vermont, New Hampshire...
    Mid-level westerly flow is currently located over much of the
    Northeast. At the surface, a moist airmass is present across much of
    the region with surface dewpoints mostly in the upper 60s to lower
    70s F. An axis of moderate instability is analyzed from central New
    York into western New England. To the north of the instability axis,
    isolated to scattered storms are ongoing. In the vicinity of the
    ongoing convection, the RAP has 20 to 25 knots of low-level flow,
    0-3 km lapse rates near 7.5 C/km and moderate deep-layer shear. This
    may be enough for severe wind gusts early this evening, associated
    with the stronger multicells.

    ..Broyles.. 06/25/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 25 05:52:01 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 250551
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 250550

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1250 AM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CAROLINAS...SOUTHEAST...AND MID MISSOURI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe wind gusts are possible from parts of the Carolinas into the
    Southeast, with widely scattered strong to severe storms possible
    from the northern High Plains eastward to the Mid Atlantic.

    ...Carolinas/Southeast...
    A mid-level anticyclone will remain over the southeastern U.S.
    today. Beneath this large area of high pressure, a very moist
    airmass will be in place from the southern and central Appalachians
    to the Eastern Seaboard. Surface dewpoints will be mostly from the
    upper 60s to the mid 70s F. As surface temperatures warm today,
    moderate to strong instability is expected over much of this moist
    airmass. Model forecasts suggest that low-level convergence will
    lead to convective development over far southern Virginia and
    northern North Carolina around midday. This convection is expected
    to increase in coverage, moving south to southwestward across the
    Carolinas. A line is expected to gradually organize during the
    afternoon.

    At 21Z, RAP forecast soundings along the instability axis in the
    Carolinas, suggest that MLCAPE will peak in the 3000 to 4000 J/kg
    range, and that a substantial amount of DCAPE will exist. 0-3 km
    lapse rates are forecast to reach the 8 to 8.5 C/km range. In
    addition, forecast soundings have inverted-V profiles, with 0-6 km
    shear in the 15 to 20 knot range. This should be favorable for
    damaging wind gusts, associated with pulse storms and multicells. If
    a line segment can organize ahead of a cold pool, then the
    wind-damage potential could cover a somewhat large area from the
    Carolinas southwestward into the eastern Gulf Coast states.

    ...Central Plains/Mid Missouri and Mid to Upper Mississippi
    Valleys...
    Southwesterly mid-level flow will remain in place today from the
    central Plains into the mid to upper Mississippi Valley. At the
    surface, a low is forecast to develop over the central Plains. To
    the east of the low, low-level moisture is forecast to be maximized,
    with surface dewpoints ranging from the mid 60s to the lower 70s F
    across most of the mid Missouri Valley. As surface temperatures warm
    during the day, scattered convective initiation is expected from
    western and central Nebraska east-northeastward into Iowa, southern
    Wisconsin and northern Illinois. Along this corridor, a low-level
    jet will strengthen during the late afternoon and early evening.
    This, combined with 30 to 35 knots of deep-layer shear, moderate
    instability and steep low-level lapse rates will be favorable for a
    severe threat. Damaging wind gusts and hail will be possible with
    organized multicell line segments.

    ...Central and Northern High Plains...
    A mid-level shortwave trough is forecast to move through the
    southern and central Rockies today. Ahead of the trough, a moist and
    unstable airmass will be in place by afternoon from eastern Colorado northwestward into eastern Montana. As surface temperatures warm
    today, scattered convective initiation will take place in the higher
    terrain, with storms moving east-northeastward into the lower
    elevations during the afternoon. Moderate deep-layer shear and steep
    low to mid-level lapse rates will support a marginal severe threat,
    mainly in areas that heat up the most. A few damaging wind gusts and
    hail will be the primary threats.

    ..Broyles/Moore.. 06/25/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 25 12:41:25 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 251241
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 251239

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0739 AM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025

    Valid 251300Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CAROLINAS...SOUTHEAST...AND MID MISSOURI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe wind gusts are possible from parts of the Carolinas into the
    Southeast, with widely scattered strong to severe storms possible
    from the northern High Plains eastward to the Mid Atlantic.

    ...Synopsis...
    A large upper ridge remains in place over much of the eastern CONUS
    this morning, although an upper low centered northeast of the
    Bahamas is beginning to impinge on its southeastern periphery.
    Early-morning satellite imagery also shows a well-defined shortwave
    trough moving through southern CA and southern Great Basin.

    Recent surface analysis reveals a large reservoir of low-level
    moisture beneath this upper ridge, with low 70s dewpoints over much
    of the OH and TN Valleys, Mid-Atlantic, and Southeast. This
    low-level moisture extends across much of the Plains as well, with
    mid 60s dewpoints reaching into south-central/southeast SD. A
    diffuse, somewhat wavy stationary boundary exists between this moist
    airmass and the drier, more continental airmass edging into the
    northern Plains, Upper Midwest, and Great Lakes.

    This large area of ample low-level moisture will support potential thunderstorms much of the CONUS east of the Rockies. Highest
    coverage of strong to severe storms is anticipated across the Mid MO
    Valley and the Southeast/Mid-Atlantic, with more widely scattered
    strong to severe storms across the northern and central High Plains
    and along the frontal zone across the northern OH Valley.

    ...Mid-Atlantic/Southeast...
    In addition to the moist airmass described in the synopsis, a pocket
    of seasonally cold mid-level temperatures (i.e. around -10 deg C at
    500 mb) associated with the Bahamas upper low extends into the
    region. 12Z MHX and CHS soundings sampled -10 and -12 deg C at 500
    mb, and 700-500 mb lapse rates of 7.9 and 8.4 deg C per km,
    respectively. These thermodynamic conditions will result in very
    strong buoyancy as the airmass diurnally heats this afternoon.
    MLCAPE over 3000 J/kg is anticipated from AL eastward into the
    Carolinas. Thunderstorm development is expected once convective
    inhibition erodes around 18Z, with the very strong buoyancy
    supporting intense updrafts. Vertical shear will be weak, with
    erratic storm motions and a multicellular, pulse mode likely. Even
    so, steep low-level lapse rates should support strong downdrafts and
    numerous instances of damaging gusts are expected. These storms will
    likely wane with the loss of daytime heating.

    ...Mid MO Valley into the Upper MS Valley...
    Low-level moisture advection across the region today will bring low
    70s dewpoints in southern MN by the late afternoon, while also
    sharpening a warm frontal zone. By 18Z this warm front is forecast
    to extend from a low over the central NE/SD border vicinity to near
    the MN/IA border. Convergence along this boundary, as well as ascent
    attendant to a convectively generated vorticity maximum rounding the
    upper ridge, is expected to promote thunderstorm development within
    the moderate buoyant airmass in place. Moderate southwesterly flow
    aloft is anticipated over the region as well, with the resulting
    combination of buoyancy and shear supporting strong to severe
    storms. A few supercells are possible, but one or more bowing line
    segments capable of damaging gusts are the primary severe threat.

    ...Northern/Central High Plains...
    The shortwave trough that currently extends from central MT trough
    eastern ID is forecast to continue eastward today. Ahead of the
    trough, a moist and unstable airmass will be in place by afternoon
    from eastern Colorado northwestward into eastern Montana. As surface temperatures warm today, scattered convective initiation will take
    place in the higher terrain, with storms moving east-northeastward
    into the lower elevations during the afternoon. Vertical shear will
    be modest, with the strongest shear across the northern High Plains,
    but high cloud bases and steep low-level lapse rates could still
    support damaging wind gusts along surging cold pools. Isolated hail
    is possible across the higher terrain as well.

    ..Mosier/Wendt.. 06/25/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 25 16:09:59 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 251608
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 251607

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1107 AM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025

    Valid 251630Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    SOUTHWEST NORTH CAROLINA...CENTRAL AND NORTHERN SOUTH CAROLINA...AND
    EASTERN GEORGIA....

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM NORTHEAST
    COLORADO INTO PARTS OF IOWA AND MINNESOTA....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe wind gusts are possible from parts of the Carolinas into the
    Southeast, with widely scattered strong to severe storms possible
    from the northern High Plains eastward to the Mid Atlantic.

    ...Southeast US...
    An unusually favorable thermodynamic pattern has evolved across the
    southeast US today, with very steep mid-level lapse rates, cool
    temperatures aloft, and strong daytime heating. Surface dewpoints
    in the 70s will yield afternoon MLCAPE values over 3500 J/kg.

    Large scale forcing is weak, suggesting convective initiation will
    be poorly focused. However, most 12z CAM solutions show several
    clusters of storms through the afternoon spreading southward from NC
    into SC and eastern GA. Vertical shear is rather weak, suggesting
    storms will be rather disorganized. However, there is a conditional
    risk for an active day across the ENH risk, with considerable
    coverage of damaging wind reports possible. As storms spread
    southwestward this evening across GA, the risk of locally damaging
    wind gusts will continue.

    ...NE/IA/MN...
    Visible satellite imagery shows a developing differential heating
    zone extending from south-central NE into central IA. Full sun to
    the south of this zone will lead to strong instability and scattered
    afternoon thunderstorm development. A band of 30-40 knot
    southwesterly flow aloft atop this zone, coupled with strengthening
    southerly low-level winds, will encourage organized/bowing clusters
    of storms capable of damaging winds and some hail. A tornado or two
    cannot be ruled out.

    ...CO/KS...
    Thunderstorms will once again develop off the higher terrain of
    CO/WY this afternoon and spread into the Plains. Model guidance
    suggests steep low-level lapse rates and sufficient CAPE for severe
    wind potential as these storms track toward northwest KS/southwest
    NE by early evening.

    ...OH/WV...
    Hot and humid conditions are present today across much of southern
    OH into northern WV. Visible satellite imagery shows a developing
    CU field, which may result in scattered slow-moving afternoon
    thunderstorms. Winds aloft are rather weak, but the strongest cells
    in this corridor may be capable of locally damaging wind gusts.

    ..Hart/Kerr.. 06/25/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jun 25 20:01:35 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 252001
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 251959

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0259 PM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025

    Valid 252000Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    SOUTHWEST NORTH CAROLINA...CENTRAL AND NORTHERN SOUTH CAROLINA...AND
    EASTERN GEORGIA...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM NORTHEAST
    COLORADO INTO PARTS OF IOWA...MINNESOTA...AND WISCONSIN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe wind gusts are expected from parts of the Carolinas into the
    Southeast, with widely scattered strong to severe storms possible
    from the northern/central High Plains eastward to the Mid Atlantic.

    ...20Z Update...
    The primary change with this update was the addition of 5-percent
    tornado probabilities along the warm front in southeast MN,
    northeast IA, and far west-central WI. Here, a moist boundary layer
    (lower 70s dewpoints) is gradually destabilizing amid diurnal
    heating within cloud breaks. This continued destabilization and clockwise-curved low-level hodographs (sampled by ARX/MPX VWPs)
    should support a locally favorable corridor for a couple supercell
    tornadoes -- especially with additional strengthening of the
    low-level jet. For details on the severe risks in the Southeast and
    central Plains, see Severe Thunderstorm Watches 459 and 460.

    ..Weinman.. 06/25/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1125 AM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025/

    ...Southeast US...
    An unusually favorable thermodynamic pattern has evolved across the
    southeast US today, with very steep mid-level lapse rates, cool
    temperatures aloft, and strong daytime heating. Surface dewpoints
    in the 70s will yield afternoon MLCAPE values over 3500 J/kg.

    Large scale forcing is weak, suggesting convective initiation will
    be poorly focused. However, most 12z CAM solutions show several
    clusters of storms through the afternoon spreading southward from NC
    into SC and eastern GA. Vertical shear is rather weak, suggesting
    storms will be rather disorganized. However, there is a conditional
    risk for an active day across the ENH risk, with considerable
    coverage of damaging wind reports possible. As storms spread
    southwestward this evening across GA, the risk of locally damaging
    wind gusts will continue.

    ...NE/IA/MN...
    Visible satellite imagery shows a developing differential heating
    zone extending from south-central NE into central IA. Full sun to
    the south of this zone will lead to strong instability and scattered
    afternoon thunderstorm development. A band of 30-40 knot
    southwesterly flow aloft atop this zone, coupled with strengthening
    southerly low-level winds, will encourage organized/bowing clusters
    of storms capable of damaging winds and some hail. A tornado or two
    cannot be ruled out.

    ...CO/KS...
    Thunderstorms will once again develop off the higher terrain of
    CO/WY this afternoon and spread into the Plains. Model guidance
    suggests steep low-level lapse rates and sufficient CAPE for severe
    wind potential as these storms track toward northwest KS/southwest
    NE by early evening.

    ...OH/WV...
    Hot and humid conditions are present today across much of southern
    OH into northern WV. Visible satellite imagery shows a developing
    CU field, which may result in scattered slow-moving afternoon
    thunderstorms. Winds aloft are rather weak, but the strongest cells
    in this corridor may be capable of locally damaging wind gusts.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 26 01:06:35 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 260106
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 260104

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0804 PM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025

    Valid 260100Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THROUGH EARLY
    TONIGHT FOR PARTS OF SOUTH CAROLINA AND EASTERN GEORGIA...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THROUGH LATE
    EVENING FOR A SMALL AREA AROUND SOUTHWEST WISCONSIN...AND INTO
    TONIGHT FROM SOUTH CAROLINA INTO SOUTHERN ALABAMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Damaging outflow gusts and isolated large hail will remain possible
    for the next several hours from South Carolina to southern Alabama.
    A couple of tornadoes will be possible in the short term in the
    vicinity of southwest Wisconsin.

    ...Southeast tonight...
    Clusters of storms are ongoing across SC, where outflow mergers have
    led to consolidation of a cold pool. The storms will likely persist
    for several more hours while spreading southwestward over the
    coastal plains of SC/GA, sustained by steeper-than-usual midlevel
    lapse rates and strong buoyancy. Isolated large hail of 1-1.5
    inches in diameter will remain a possibility with the stronger
    embedded storms (especially with mergers), but damaging outflow
    gusts will be the main threat with collapsing cores in the steep
    lapse rate environment with strong downdraft potential (as suggested
    by DCAPE of 1000-1500 J/kg).

    Farther southwest, a few strong-severe storms will be possible
    through about 02-03z along the conglomerate outflow from southwest
    GA into southern AL.

    ...Southwest WI/southeast MN/northeast IA this evening...
    Several tornadoes have been reported with supercells in a broken
    band from northeast IA across far southeast MN into southwest WI.
    These storms have trended toward a more linear mode over time and
    the tornado threat appears to have already peaked. Prior to the
    storms weakening early tonight, the potential for a couple of
    tornadoes will persist for another 1-2 hours with the stronger
    embedded supercells interacting with the warm front, where low-level
    hodograph curvature/shear are maximized.

    ...Eastern NE/western IA this evening...
    Convection has been largely undercut by convective outflow from
    eastern NE into western IA. Moderate buoyancy remains immediately
    to the south of the aggregate outflow/effective frontal boundary,
    and profiles will remain sufficiently moist to maintain elevated
    convection into the overnight hours. However, the potential for
    severe storms appears to be diminishing with time, with only
    isolated strong outflow gusts and/or marginally severe hail expected
    beyond 01z.

    ...Northern High Plains through early tonight...
    Widely scattered storms, some with supercell structure, will be
    possible through about 03z. Thereafter, convection is expected to
    weaken consistently with diurnal stabilization. In the interim,
    isolated large hail of 1-1.5 inches in diameter will be possible.

    ..Thompson.. 06/26/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 26 05:28:25 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 260526
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 260525

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1225 AM CDT Thu Jun 26 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    ACROSS NORTHERN IOWA INTO SOUTHWEST WISCONSIN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few tornadoes and isolated wind damage will be possible this
    afternoon from northern Iowa into southwest Wisconsin. Isolated
    wind damage will be possible across a broad area of the eastern
    Plains, Ohio Valley, Mid-Atlantic, the Southeast and Montana.

    ...Northern IA/southwest WI area this afternoon...
    A weak midlevel trough over NE, enhanced by overnight convection,
    will progress east-northeastward over IA during the afternoon, along
    with an associated/weak wave along a surface baroclinic zone.
    Modest enhancement to vertical shear along the baroclinic zone, and
    MLCAPE near or above 2500 J/kg will support the potential for a band
    of storms along and ahead of the front this afternoon. The
    initial/more discrete storms could be supercells with the potential
    to produce a few tornadoes, in addition to isolated wind damage and
    marginally severe hail. Convection will likely grow upscale into a
    line by late afternoon, and the severe threat will begin to diminish
    by late evening.

    ...Southeast today...
    Around the southeast periphery of a weakening midlevel high over KY,
    a midlevel low will drift slowly west-northwestward over FL and
    weaken gradually through tonight. Widespread convection is still
    ongoing from late Wednesday evening across AL/GA, with relatively
    widespread convective overturning and associated outflow. Remnant
    outflows and differential heating zones will play a role in
    additional thunderstorm development later this afternoon, though
    regional reductions in surface temperatures/moisture from yesterday
    will make the environment less favorable for widespread damaging
    downbursts compared to Wednesday. Given the mesoscale complexity of
    the pattern and reductions in lapse rates/buoyancy, will hold off on
    adding any SLGT risk/15% wind areas in this outlook. However, some
    part of GA/AL/MS may need to be reconsidered in later updates.

    ...OH Valley into the Mid-Atlantic this afternoon...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected again this afternoon in
    association with daytime heating, residual boundaries from prior
    convection, and terrain circulations. Though vertical shear will be
    weak, steepening low-level lapse rates and precipitation loading
    could support isolated wind damage with downbursts from mid
    afternoon into the evening.

    ...Western OK to northeast KS this afternoon/evening...
    Scattered thunderstorm development is expected this afternoon along
    and ahead of weak front across KS, and farther to the south into the
    strongly heated airmass and east edge of the midlevel moisture plume
    now across west TX. Vertical shear will be weak through this
    corridor, but thermodynamic profiles will favor strong downdrafts
    and the potential for isolated strong-severe outflow gusts for a few
    hours this afternoon/evening.

    ...MT this afternoon/evening...
    A subtle midlevel trough and associated/diffuse front will move
    across the northern Rockies this afternoon into tonight. Deep
    mixing and inverted-V profiles will favor some potential for
    strong-severe outflow gusts with scattered high-based thunderstorms
    along and ahead of the diffuse front this afternoon into this
    evening.

    ..Thompson/Moore.. 06/26/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 26 12:35:39 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 261235
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 261233

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0733 AM CDT Thu Jun 26 2025

    Valid 261300Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    ACROSS FAR SOUTHEAST MN...NORTHERN IA AND SOUTHERN WI...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few tornadoes and isolated wind damage will be possible this
    afternoon from northern Iowa and southwest Minnesota into southwest
    Wisconsin. Isolated wind damage will be possible across a broad area
    of the eastern Plains, Ohio Valley, Mid-Atlantic, the Southeast and
    Montana.

    ...Southern MN/IA/Southern WI...
    Early morning radar and satellite imagery show a well-defined MCV
    moving northeastward into eastern NE. Surface analysis reveals a low
    over eastern NE, which is associated with this vorticity maximum as
    well. A stationary boundary extends northeastward from this low
    through northwestern IA to another low in the MN/IA/WI border
    intersection vicinity. This boundary, which separates a moist
    airmass characterized by 70s dewpoints from a more continental
    airmass with low 60s dewpoints, could act as a favored corridor for northeastward progress of the surface low throughout the day. At the
    same time, strengthening southerly low-level flow will increase the
    low-level moisture advection south of this boundary, resulting in
    some tightening of this boundary throughout the day. Some guidance
    suggests this boundary could move slightly northward as a warm front
    as well. This low-level moisture advection will also help offset
    surface dewpoint reductions due to mixing, with dewpoints likely
    remaining in the 70s along and south of the boundary. Strong heating
    of this moist airmass will bring temperatures in the upper 70s/low
    80s, fostering airmass destabilization and strong buoyancy by the
    early afternoon.

    Thunderstorm development is expected as the approaching vorticity
    maximum and associated surface low interact with this unstable
    airmass, with initiation occurring both near the surface low as well
    as farther east amid the convergence along the warm front. The
    development near the low should becoming linear quickly while the
    activity along the front should remain more cellular longer. The
    initial/more discrete storms could be supercells with the potential
    to produce a few tornadoes within the moderately sheared and
    vorticity rich environment along the front. Damaging gusts will be
    possible with the linear segments as well, particularly in close
    vicinity to the surface low where mesoscale circulations could
    augment updrafts and downdrafts.

    ...Central/Eastern KS into Western/Central OK...
    Recent surface analysis reveals weak surface troughing to the south
    of a low over eastern NE. This troughing will likely shift eastward
    as its parent low progresses northeastward, with convergence along
    this boundary contributing to thunderstorms across central and
    eastern KS. The character of the boundary will become more diffuse
    with southern extent, but modest low-level confluence should still
    be enough to support afternoon thunderstorm development. Vertical
    shear will be weak through this entire corridor, but thermodynamic
    profiles will favor strong downdrafts and the potential for isolated strong-severe outflow gusts for a few hours this afternoon/evening.

    ...Southeast...
    Overnight convection has resulted in extensive cloudiness across
    much of the region this morning. Even so, ample low-level moisture
    remains in place and the airmass is expected to destabilize by the
    early afternoon amid strong heating. Initial development appears
    most likely near the westward progressing outflow moving across MS,
    with additional development later near a convectively generated
    vorticity maximum moving across central GA. Widespread storms are
    also expected across FL as an upper low drifts slowly
    west-northwestward. Shear will be weak areawide and a largely
    disorganized storm mode is anticipated. Surging outflow is possible
    with the strongest storms, fostering the potential for damaging
    gusts and also contributing to additional storm development. Several forward-propagating clusters are possible although their location,
    strength, and longevity are uncertain, precluding any increased
    severe probabilities with this outlook.

    ...MT this afternoon/evening...
    A subtle midlevel trough and associated/diffuse front will move
    across the northern Rockies this afternoon into tonight. Deep
    mixing and inverted-V profiles will favor some potential for
    strong-severe outflow gusts with scattered high-based thunderstorms
    along and ahead of the diffuse front this afternoon into this
    evening.

    ...OH Valley into the Mid-Atlantic this afternoon...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected again this afternoon as the
    airmass destabilizes amid strong daytime heating and ample low-level
    moisture. Residual boundaries from prior convection, and terrain
    circulations will act as favored areas for initiation. Vertical
    shear will be weak, but steep low-level lapse rates and
    precipitation loading could support isolated wind damage with
    downbursts from mid afternoon into the evening.

    ..Mosier/Wendt.. 06/26/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 26 16:11:11 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 261611
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 261609

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1109 AM CDT Thu Jun 26 2025

    Valid 261630Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    FROM NORTHWEST MO INTO SOUTHERN MN/WI...AND FROM THE MID-ATLANTIC TO
    THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated wind damage and a few tornadoes will be possible this
    afternoon from northwest Missouri into Iowa, southeast Minnesota,
    and southern Wisconsin. Scattered wind damage will be possible from
    the Mid-Atlantic into the southern Appalachians.

    ...Upper Midwest...
    A shortwave trough is evident this morning over NE/SD moving
    eastward. Lift ahead of this feature will encourage scattered
    thunderstorm development by early afternoon near the surface low and
    along a weak cold front over western IA. These storms will track
    southeastward into a warm and very moist air mass, where MLCAPE
    values will be 2000-3000 J/kg. Steep low-level lapse rates will
    promote a risk of damaging winds as the storms spread southeastward
    through early evening.

    From the surface low eastward into southern WI, a corridor of backed
    low-level winds and enhanced shear along the warm front will be
    favorable for a few discrete supercells. Similar to yesterday
    (although perhaps not quite as favorable), there is a risk of a few
    tornadoes through the afternoon and early evening.

    ...Mid-Atlantic to Southern Appalachians...
    Full sunshine is occurring again today from southeast PA to the
    western Carolinas and north GA. This corridor will be hot/humid
    again today, leading to scattered thunderstorms. Winds aloft are
    weak, suggesting disorganized/pulse convective modes. However,
    steep low-level lapse rates and moderate CAPE values will once again
    result in a risk of locally damaging wind gusts through the
    afternoon and early evening. Despite the expected weak winds aloft,
    will introduce a SLGT risk for this corridor given the consensus of
    model guidance supporting the threat.

    ..Hart/Thornton.. 06/26/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Jun 26 20:04:36 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 262002
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 262000

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0300 PM CDT Thu Jun 26 2025

    Valid 262000Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    FROM NORTHWEST MISSOURI INTO SOUTHERN MINNESOTA/WISCONSIN...AND FROM
    THE MID-ATLANTIC TO THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated wind damage and a few tornadoes will be possible this
    afternoon from northwest Missouri into Iowa, southeast Minnesota,
    and southern Wisconsin. Scattered wind damage will be possible from
    the Mid-Atlantic into the southern Appalachians.

    ...20Z Update...
    The forecast remains on track, and only minor adjustments were made
    with this update. In particular, the Slight risk was expanded
    eastward in IA and northern MO -- where warm/moist boundary-layer
    conditions should support the maintenance of an eastward-moving line
    of storms (with an associated severe-wind risk) into this evening.
    Reference Severe Thunderstorm Watch 465 for more information on the
    severe risk here. Farther north, the potential for tornadoes will
    continue with both pre-frontal cells within the baroclinic zone in
    southern WI and with the primary confluence band advancing eastward
    out of southeastern MN. An upgrade to 10-percent tornado
    probabilities was considered, but overall confidence in this
    scenario was too low for the upgrade at this time. For more details,
    see Tornado Watch 463 and MCD 1458. Finally, the damaging wind gusts
    will remain possible with evolving storms in the Mid-Atlantic
    (within Severe Thunderstorm Watch 464).

    ..Weinman.. 06/26/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1109 AM CDT Thu Jun 26 2025/

    ...Upper Midwest...
    A shortwave trough is evident this morning over NE/SD moving
    eastward. Lift ahead of this feature will encourage scattered
    thunderstorm development by early afternoon near the surface low and
    along a weak cold front over western IA. These storms will track
    southeastward into a warm and very moist air mass, where MLCAPE
    values will be 2000-3000 J/kg. Steep low-level lapse rates will
    promote a risk of damaging winds as the storms spread southeastward
    through early evening.

    From the surface low eastward into southern WI, a corridor of backed
    low-level winds and enhanced shear along the warm front will be
    favorable for a few discrete supercells. Similar to yesterday
    (although perhaps not quite as favorable), there is a risk of a few
    tornadoes through the afternoon and early evening.

    ...Mid-Atlantic to Southern Appalachians...
    Full sunshine is occurring again today from southeast PA to the
    western Carolinas and north GA. This corridor will be hot/humid
    again today, leading to scattered thunderstorms. Winds aloft are
    weak, suggesting disorganized/pulse convective modes. However,
    steep low-level lapse rates and moderate CAPE values will once again
    result in a risk of locally damaging wind gusts through the
    afternoon and early evening. Despite the expected weak winds aloft,
    will introduce a SLGT risk for this corridor given the consensus of
    model guidance supporting the threat.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 27 00:58:07 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 270057
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 270055

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0755 PM CDT Thu Jun 26 2025

    Valid 270100Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR THE NEXT
    COUPLE OF HOURS ACROSS EASTERN IOWA INTO SOUTHWESTERN WISCONSIN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated wind damage and marginally severe hail will be the main
    threats through late evening/early tonight from eastern Kansas into
    southern Wisconsin, parts of the Mid-Atlantic and Appalachians, the
    Texas Panhandle, and eastern Montana.

    ...Eastern KS to southern WI through late evening...
    Convection has evolved into a line of storms from northwest MO into
    eastern IA and southwest WI along a conglomerate outflow, in advance
    of a weak midlevel trough approaching the upper MS Valley.
    Weakening buoyancy with the loss of daytime heating and weakening
    vertical shear over time in the warm sector suggests that the storms
    are likely past peak, though isolated wind damage will remain
    possible for the next 2 hours or so before the storms weaken
    sufficiently and the low levels stabilize.

    ...Mid-Atlantic and Appalachians through 03z...
    Scattered thunderstorms are ongoing in multiple small clusters from
    central NC into VA/WV/MD and southern PA. A few strong storms with
    isolated wind damage will be possible through about 02-03z,
    especially with storm mergers, before gradual stabilization of the
    boundary layer brings an end to the largely diurnal severe threat.

    ...TX Panhandle through late evening...
    A few storm clusters are ongoing across the central TX Panhandle to
    the TX/NM state line. Lingering steep low-level lapse rates, modest
    vertical shear and storm/outflow mergers could maintain a marginal
    severe threat for another few hours before buoyancy weakens and the
    storms diminish.

    ...Eastern MT this evening...
    Deep-layer vertical shear is not particularly strong and low-level
    moisture is limited, but steep lapse rates through the low-midlevels
    are sustaining a couple of stronger storm clusters across northeast
    MT where low-level moisture is a bit richer. There will remain
    sufficient midlevel moisture/ascent downstream of an ejecting
    midlevel trough to maintain the potential for thunderstorms for the
    next several hours. Isolated strong outflow gusts may occur with
    the high-based convection into central MT, while isolated strong
    gusts and marginally severe hail will remain possible this evening
    across eastern MT.

    ..Thompson.. 06/27/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 27 05:05:18 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 270505
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 270503

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1203 AM CDT Fri Jun 27 2025

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS LATE THE AFTERNOON
    INTO EARLY TONIGHT ACROSS THE NORTHERN PLAINS...AND THIS
    AFTERNOON/EVENING ACROSS SOUTHEAST LOWER MICHIGAN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    At least widely scattered thunderstorms are expected late this afternoon/evening across the Dakotas and Nebraska, where very large
    hail and severe outflow winds will be possible. There will also be
    a window of opportunity for tornadoes this evening across the
    central Dakotas. Occasional wind damage will be possible this afternoon/evening across southeast Lower Michigan.

    ...Northern Plains late this afternoon into early tonight...
    A low-amplitude midlevel trough with embedded speed maxima will move
    eastward from the northern Rockies to the northern High Plains
    through tonight. At the surface, lee cyclogenesis is expected this
    afternoon in the vicinity of northeast WY, while low-level moisture
    spreads northward across the Dakotas through this evening. The
    moistening will occur beneath an elevated mixed layer with midlevel
    lapse rates of 8.5-9.5 C/km, and daytime heating will result in
    MLCAPE exceeding 4000 J/kg. The elevated mixed layer will also act
    as a cap and surface temperatures will need to reach the mid 90s in
    SD and the mid-upper 80s in ND to largely eliminate convective
    inhibition. As such, storm timing/coverage is a bit uncertain with
    modest forcing for ascent.

    Where storms form, the steep lapse rates/extreme buoyancy and
    effective bulk shear in excess of 40 kt will conditionally favor
    supercells with very large hail (potentially greater than 3 inches
    in diameter). There could also be a window of opportunity for
    tornadoes as low-level shear increases in the evening, where storms
    remain discrete prior to convective inhibition increasing tonight.
    Otherwise, any storm clusters will have the potential to produce
    severe outflow winds of 60-80 mph, especially in the deeper mixed
    environment farther south in SD.

    ...Southeast Lower MI this afternoon/evening...
    A midlevel shortwave trough and associated weak wave cyclone now
    over the upper MS Valley will continue eastward over the upper Great
    Lakes through this evening, while a trailing cold front crosses
    Lower MI. Daytime heating and boundary-layer dewpoints in the low
    70s in the warm sector will contribute to MLCAPE above 2000 J/kg
    during the afternoon across Lower MI as convective inhibition
    weakens. Low-level ascent along the front will support a broken
    band of storms by mid afternoon, and the storms will spread eastward
    before weakening by late evening. Though midlevel lapse rates and
    deep-layer vertical shear will not be strong, ~35 kt midlevel flow
    and steep low-level lapse rates suggest the potential for occasional
    wind damage with multicell clusters and/or short line segments.

    ...Appalachians into the Southeast this afternoon/evening...
    Another afternoon/evening of widely scattered thunderstorms and
    isolated downburst potential is expected across a broad area from
    the Appalachians into the Southeast/FL. Local sea breeze
    circulations, terrain circulations and residual outflow/differential
    heating zones will help focus thunderstorm development.
    Thermodynamic profiles will be sufficient for isolated wind damage
    with downbursts.

    ..Thompson/Lyons.. 06/27/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 27 12:11:49 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 271211
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 271210

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0710 AM CDT Fri Jun 27 2025

    Valid 271300Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS LATE THIS
    AFTERNOON INTO EARLY TONIGHT ACROSS THE NORTHERN PLAINS...AND THIS AFTERNOON/EVENING ACROSS SOUTHEAST LOWER MICHIGAN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    At least widely scattered thunderstorms are expected late this afternoon/evening across the Dakotas and Nebraska, where very large
    hail and severe outflow winds will be possible. There will also be
    a window of opportunity for tornadoes this evening across the
    central Dakotas. Occasional wind damage will be possible this afternoon/evening across southeast Lower Michigan.

    ...Northern Plains late this afternoon into early tonight...
    Water-vapor imagery this morning shows a mid-level disturbance
    moving east across the northern Rockies. This upper feature and an
    associated belt of stronger flow will move eastward into the
    northern Great Plains tonight. In the low levels, southerly flow
    will contribute to moisture return northward into the Dakotas as a
    low develops near the SD/WY border. Steep midlevel lapse rates of
    8.5-9.5 C/km, and daytime heating will result in MLCAPE exceeding
    4000 J/kg within the moisture plume where boundary-layer moisture is
    highest.

    A cap will likely inhibit storm development through the mid
    afternoon before heating and the resultant erosion of convective
    inhibition favors initially isolated storm development. Forecast
    soundings show very steep low to mid-tropospheric lapse rates, large
    to extreme buoyancy, and effective shear supporting organized
    storms. The initial activity will likely be supercellular with an
    attendant risk for large to giant hail with the stronger supercells.
    A period of opportunity for an isolated tornado risk may realize
    during the early evening, coincident with a slight intensification
    of low-level shear, while maintaining a favorable storm mode. A
    couple of clusters are forecast to evolve during the evening with
    significant gusts (75-90 mph) possible in the more intense clusters.
    A lingering risk for mainly wind and perhaps hail will gradually
    wane towards the late evening and early overnight as this activity
    gradually shifts east.

    ...Southeast Lower MI this afternoon/evening...
    Not much change to the previous forecast scenario. A midlevel
    shortwave trough and associated weak wave cyclone now over the Upper
    MS Valley will continue eastward over the Upper Great Lakes through
    this evening, while a trailing cold front crosses Lower MI. Daytime
    heating and lower 70s deg F dewpoints will yield moderate buoyancy
    by the early afternoon. Low-level ascent along the front will
    support a broken band of storms by mid afternoon, and the storms
    will spread eastward before weakening by late evening. Though
    midlevel lapse rates and deep-layer vertical shear will not be
    strong, ~35 kt midlevel flow and steep low-level lapse rates suggest
    the potential for scattered 55-70 mph gusts capable of wind damage
    with the stronger storms and linear clusters.

    ...Appalachians into the Southeast this afternoon/evening...
    Another afternoon/evening of widely scattered thunderstorms and
    isolated downburst potential is expected across a broad area from
    the Appalachians into the Southeast/FL. Local sea breeze
    circulations, terrain circulations and residual outflow/differential
    heating zones will help focus thunderstorm development. The more
    intense storms and small-scale clusters will likely yield a risk for
    45-65 mph gusts and pockets of wind damage.

    ..Smith/Broyles.. 06/27/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 27 16:16:30 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 271616
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 271614

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1114 AM CDT Fri Jun 27 2025

    Valid 271630Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    FROM NORTHERN IN INTO SOUTHEAST LOWER MI...AND THIS
    AFTERNOON/TONIGHT ACROSS THE NORTHERN PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected late this afternoon/evening
    across the Dakotas and Nebraska, where very large hail, severe
    outflow winds, and a few tornadoes will be possible. Occasional
    wind damage will be possible this afternoon from northern Indiana
    into southeast Lower Michigan.

    ...Dakotas/NE/MN...
    Water vapor imagery shows a fast-moving shortwave trough moving
    across MT. As this feature overspreads the northern Plains this afternoon/evening, scattered thunderstorm development is expected
    from western ND into central/western SD. Storms will track
    southeastward in a moist and very unstable air mass, where steep
    mid-level lapse rates and sufficient vertical shear will support the development of supercells. Very large hail and a few tornadoes are
    possible with this early activity. Congealing outflows after dark
    may result in one or more bowing segments capable of severe wind
    gusts. Have expanded the SLGT a little farther east into MN to
    account for various morning CAM solutions.

    ...Lower MI...
    Visible satellite imagery shows clear skies from northern IN into
    southeast Lower MI, with dewpoints in the 70s and afternoon CAPE
    values expected in the 2000-3000 J/kg range. A weak shortwave
    trough will pass to the north of this area, providing weak lift and
    aiding in thunderstorm development by mid afternoon. Steep
    low-level lapse rates will promote a risk of damaging wind gusts in
    the stronger cells.

    ...East TN/north GA...
    Another active day of scattered thunderstorms is expected, with
    hot/humid conditions aiding in the risk of locally damaging wind
    gusts and some hail in the stronger cells.

    ..Hart/Grams.. 06/27/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Jun 27 20:02:02 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 272001
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 272000

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0300 PM CDT Fri Jun 27 2025

    Valid 272000Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    CENTRAL NORTH DAKOTA...

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM NORTHERN
    INDIANA INTO SOUTHEAST LOWER MICHIGAN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected late this afternoon/evening
    across the Dakotas and Nebraska, where very large hail, severe
    outflow winds, and a few tornadoes will be possible. Occasional
    wind damage will be possible this afternoon from northern Indiana
    into southeast Lower Michigan.

    ...20Z Update...
    The primary change with this update was the addition of an Enhanced
    risk over parts of central ND -- driven by 30-percent hail
    probabilities. Based on the latest high-resolution guidance and
    observations, confidence has increased that several semi-discrete
    supercells capable of producing very large hail will evolve along
    the northern periphery of strong to extreme surface-based buoyancy
    and very favorable deep-layer shear into tonight. Elsewhere, only
    minor changes were made to the outlook. For information on the
    severe risk in Lower MI and northern IN, reference Severe
    Thunderstorm Watch 466.

    ..Weinman.. 06/27/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1114 AM CDT Fri Jun 27 2025/

    ...Dakotas/NE/MN...
    Water vapor imagery shows a fast-moving shortwave trough moving
    across MT. As this feature overspreads the northern Plains this afternoon/evening, scattered thunderstorm development is expected
    from western ND into central/western SD. Storms will track
    southeastward in a moist and very unstable air mass, where steep
    mid-level lapse rates and sufficient vertical shear will support the development of supercells. Very large hail and a few tornadoes are
    possible with this early activity. Congealing outflows after dark
    may result in one or more bowing segments capable of severe wind
    gusts. Have expanded the SLGT a little farther east into MN to
    account for various morning CAM solutions.

    ...Lower MI...
    Visible satellite imagery shows clear skies from northern IN into
    southeast Lower MI, with dewpoints in the 70s and afternoon CAPE
    values expected in the 2000-3000 J/kg range. A weak shortwave
    trough will pass to the north of this area, providing weak lift and
    aiding in thunderstorm development by mid afternoon. Steep
    low-level lapse rates will promote a risk of damaging wind gusts in
    the stronger cells.

    ...East TN/north GA...
    Another active day of scattered thunderstorms is expected, with
    hot/humid conditions aiding in the risk of locally damaging wind
    gusts and some hail in the stronger cells.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 28 00:42:55 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 280042
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 280041

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0741 PM CDT Fri Jun 27 2025

    Valid 280100Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    NORTH DAKOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are expected across the northern
    Plains this evening. Very large hail, severe gusts, and a few
    tornadoes can be expected.

    ...01z Update...

    Short-wave ridge is flattening a bit across the northern Plains
    early this evening as several weak disturbances are ejecting across
    the northern Rockies into the High Plains of eastern MT/western ND.
    Over the last few hours, scattered supercells have developed along
    the northern edge of strong buoyancy across ND. 00z sounding from
    BIS exhibited MLCAPE around 2300 J/kg with very steep low-midlevel
    lapse rates. This activity is maturing along/near a surface boundary
    that is draped from east of Minot to near Dickinson ND, trailing
    into the northern portions of the Black Hills of SD. Just upstream, satellite/radar imagery suggest a weak short-wave trough is
    approaching eastern MT. A very weak MCV may be noted just west of
    Jordan and this feature could encourage upscale growth downstream
    later this evening as the LLJ increases, partly in response to the
    short wave. 1km VAD flow is already around 20kt at BIS, and marked
    increase should be noted over the next few hours. With time, ongoing
    convection may gradually coalesce into an MCS which would propagate
    downstream along the nose of the LLJ into the upper Red River
    region. Until then, very large hail may occur with ongoing
    supercells, along with some risk for a few tornadoes. Damaging winds
    may become more common as the MCS evolves later this evening.

    ..Darrow.. 06/28/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 28 05:42:57 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 280542
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 280541

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1241 AM CDT Sat Jun 28 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE UPPER
    MIDWEST TO THE BLACK HILLS REGION...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe thunderstorms, perhaps including one or
    two organizing clusters, will pose a risk for severe hail, wind and
    perhaps a couple of tornadoes across parts of the Upper Midwest into
    the Plains of South Dakota and Nebraska.

    ...Upper Midwest to the Black Hills of South Dakota...

    Seasonally typical early summer pattern will be noted today as
    stronger westerlies are confined to the northern U.S., and much
    weaker flow is observed across the southern two-thirds of the CONUS.
    Latest water-vapor imagery suggests a few weak disturbances are
    translating across the northern Rockies toward the northern Plains
    and this will shunt the primary synoptic boundary across much of the
    Dakotas into the upper MS Valley by early evening. This boundary
    will prove instrumental in focusing deep convection during the afternoon/evening hours.

    Early this morning, scattered clusters of strong/severe
    thunderstorms are propagating southeast across the eastern Dakotas.
    This activity will advance into the upper MS Valley early in the
    period as LLJ focuses across eastern SD into northern MN. While some
    severe threat will be noted with a possible MCS at daybreak,
    convective outflow will largely influence subsequent regeneration.
    Latest model guidance suggests an east-west boundary will drape
    itself across western WI/southern MN by 18z, likely modified by the aforementioned early-day MCS. Boundary-layer heating is expected to
    aid buoyancy across the Dakotas southeast of the cold front, and
    scattered thunderstorms should readily develop along this wind shift
    by late afternoon, aided in part by a weak short wave trough.
    Additional convection is also possible along the outflow. Wind
    profiles favor some supercell development, along with possible
    clusters. Very large hail could accompany supercells. The east-west
    boundary should enhance low-level shear such that a higher
    probability for tornadoes will exist across southern portions of MN.

    Stronger heating across the Plains of NE into eastern WY will aid isolated-scattered thunderstorms across this portion of the SLGT
    Risk. Higher-based updrafts, but steep lapse rates suggest hail/wind
    will be the primary concerns.

    ...Northern Middle Atlantic region and upper Ohio Valley...

    Weak short-wave trough is advancing east across the upper Great
    Lakes region early this morning. Southern influence of this feature
    will encourage convective development by 18z across the upper OH
    Valley into upstate NY. Modest west-southwesterly flow at mid levels
    suggests some convective organization is possible; however, poor
    lapse rates and modest instability should result in mainly a
    damaging wind threat with the most organized convection. Some
    consideration was given for higher probabilities across portions of
    the northern Middle Atlantic into southern NY, but weak lapse rates
    are concerning and deep-layer shear is not that strong. Even so,
    gusty winds will likely be noted with this activity as it spreads
    across PA/NY toward the western parts of southern New England.

    ..Darrow/Lyons.. 06/28/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 28 12:01:58 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 281201
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 281200

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0700 AM CDT Sat Jun 28 2025

    Valid 281300Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE UPPER
    MIDWEST TO THE BLACK HILLS...AND PARTS OF NEW YORK AND
    PENNSYLVANIA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of the
    Upper Midwest into the north-central Great Plains. All severe
    hazards are possible centered on southern Minnesota and eastern
    South Dakota. Scattered damaging gusts are possible across parts of
    New York into Pennsylvania.

    ...Upper Midwest to the Black Hills of South Dakota...
    Broad weak troughing per morning water-vapor imagery over the
    northern Rockies/High Plains will gradually shift eastward and
    become centered over MB/SK and the Dakotas by the end of the period.
    A somewhat ill-defined boundary this morning will become draped from
    parts of the upper MS Valley west-southwestward into the Black Hills
    later this afternoon/evening.

    Residual clusters of showers/weak thunderstorms this morning will
    likely dissipate by mid-late morning over the Upper Midwest. The
    resultant convective outflow will probably prove instrumental in
    renewed thunderstorm activity later this afternoon where
    differential heating/convergence will become focused.
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms should readily develop along the front/composite outflow by late afternoon when buoyancy will be
    maximized. Forecast soundings show 3000-4500 J/kg MLCAPE developing
    from eastern SD into MN/western WI. It appears sufficient hodograph
    curvature and effective shear magnitudes around 30 kt will support a
    supercell mode, at least initially. All severe hazards will be
    possible. Gradual upscale growth into a cluster may occur during
    the evening --supported by a persistent southwesterly LLJ-- with the
    risk gradually favoring more of a wind threat.

    Stronger heating across the Plains of NE into eastern WY will aid isolated-scattered thunderstorms across this portion of the SLGT
    Risk. Higher-based updrafts, but steep lapse rates suggest hail/wind
    will be the primary concerns.

    ...Northeast into the Mid-Atlantic region and upper Ohio Valley...
    Morning satellite imagery indicates a weak mid-level trough near
    Georgian Bay/southern ON. This feature is forecast to move eastward
    to the VT/NH/QC vicinity by early evening and glance NY/PA. In
    agreement with earlier forecast thinking, the southern extent of the disturbance's influence will aid in storm development within the
    northeast extent of richer moisture extending from the upper OH
    Valley into the PA/southern NY area. Initial extensive low cloud
    cover will gradually abate as diurnal heating aids in moderate
    destabilization by midday from southern NY southwestward into the
    upper OH Valley. Bands of smaller storm clusters preferentially
    developing on the front/wind shift will predominately be
    multicellular, and pose a wind-damage risk across parts of PA during
    the afternoon/early evening. Slightly stronger low to mid-level
    flow over NY may favor a mix of strong to severe multicells and
    perhaps transient, weak supercell structure. Farther south,
    slow-moving isolated to scattered pulse-like storms will yield an
    isolated risk for 50-60 mph gusts capable of wind damage with the
    more intense water-loaded downdrafts.

    ..Smith/Broyles.. 06/28/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 28 16:28:26 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 281627
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 281626

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1126 AM CDT Sat Jun 28 2025

    Valid 281630Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    FROM CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA INTO SOUTHEAST NEW YORK. OTHER SEVERE
    STORMS WILL OCCUR FROM THE BLACK HILLS REGION INTO PARTS OF
    MINNESOTA AND WESTERN WISCONSIN....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of the
    Upper Midwest into the north-central Great Plains. All severe
    hazards are possible centered on southern Minnesota and eastern
    South Dakota. Scattered damaging gusts are possible across parts of
    New York into Pennsylvania.

    ...Eastern SD/MN/WI...
    Current radar loops show a persistent MCS slowly weakening across
    southern MN. This feature has driven an associated outflow boundary
    into northwest IA and eastern SD. Morning model solutions are in
    general agreement that the low-level air mass will rapidly recover
    in the wake of the MCS, leading to rapid and intense thunderstorm
    development by late afternoon over western MN. It is unclear if the
    models are handling the lingering effects of the morning convection,
    but the eventual re-development of storms poses risks of tornadoes,
    very large hail, and damaging winds. An upgrade to ENH risk over
    parts of central/southern MN for this evening was considered, but
    will defer to the 20z outlook, after further evaluation of the
    ongoing convection and trends in destabilization.

    ...Western SD Vicinity...
    Full sun will lead to strong heating and deep mixing across much of
    eastern WY today. High-based convection will develop by late
    afternoon in this region and spread eastward into a progressively
    more moist and unstable air mass over western SD. Scattered intense
    storms are expected to develop, posing a risk of large hail and
    damaging wind gusts. These storms may persist through the evening
    and grow upscale, with a risk of damaging winds into southern
    SD/northern NE.

    ...NY/PA/Mid-Atlantic...
    A surface cold front is sagging southward into NY and western PA
    today. Thunderstorms have begun to intensify along/ahead of the
    front, with locally damaging wind gusts expected through the
    afternoon. Low clouds are limiting heating/destabilization over
    eastern NY/PA and the Mid-Atlantic region. However, heating should
    commence by mid/late afternoon, allowing storms approaching from the
    west to maintain a damaging wind threat into the early evening.

    ..Hart/Squitieri.. 06/28/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Jun 28 20:02:12 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 282001
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 282000

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0300 PM CDT Sat Jun 28 2025

    Valid 282000Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS OF PENNSYLVANIA AND NEW YORK AS WELL AS ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE NORTHERN
    PLAINS....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of the
    Upper Midwest into the north-central Great Plains. All severe
    hazards are possible centered on southern Minnesota and eastern
    South Dakota. Scattered damaging gusts are possible across parts of
    New York into Pennsylvania.

    ...20Z Update...

    The main change with this update is to expand the hail threat
    farther north and west into portions of east-central North Dakota
    and west-central Minnesota. Here, strong instability and
    developing/ongoing thunderstorms will be capable of producing large
    hail. See MCD #1492 for additional meteorological discussion.

    Elsewhere, only minor changes were made to the ongoing forecast.

    ..Marsh.. 06/28/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1126 AM CDT Sat Jun 28 2025/

    ...Eastern SD/MN/WI...
    Current radar loops show a persistent MCS slowly weakening across
    southern MN. This feature has driven an associated outflow boundary
    into northwest IA and eastern SD. Morning model solutions are in
    general agreement that the low-level air mass will rapidly recover
    in the wake of the MCS, leading to rapid and intense thunderstorm
    development by late afternoon over western MN. It is unclear if the
    models are handling the lingering effects of the morning convection,
    but the eventual re-development of storms poses risks of tornadoes,
    very large hail, and damaging winds. An upgrade to ENH risk over
    parts of central/southern MN for this evening was considered, but
    will defer to the 20z outlook, after further evaluation of the
    ongoing convection and trends in destabilization.

    ...Western SD Vicinity...
    Full sun will lead to strong heating and deep mixing across much of
    eastern WY today. High-based convection will develop by late
    afternoon in this region and spread eastward into a progressively
    more moist and unstable air mass over western SD. Scattered intense
    storms are expected to develop, posing a risk of large hail and
    damaging wind gusts. These storms may persist through the evening
    and grow upscale, with a risk of damaging winds into southern
    SD/northern NE.

    ...NY/PA/Mid-Atlantic...
    A surface cold front is sagging southward into NY and western PA
    today. Thunderstorms have begun to intensify along/ahead of the
    front, with locally damaging wind gusts expected through the
    afternoon. Low clouds are limiting heating/destabilization over
    eastern NY/PA and the Mid-Atlantic region. However, heating should
    commence by mid/late afternoon, allowing storms approaching from the
    west to maintain a damaging wind threat into the early evening.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 29 00:52:30 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 290050
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 290049

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0749 PM CDT Sat Jun 28 2025

    Valid 290100Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE UPPER
    MIDWEST INTO THE NORTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms will spread across the upper Midwest
    and portions of the northern Plains this evening into the overnight
    hours. All severe hazards are possible.

    ...01z Update...

    Short-wave ridging has flattened across the northern Plains/upper
    Midwest as broader cyclonic flow now extends across the northern
    Rockies into the eastern Dakotas. This flow regime is notably
    diffluent across the upper Midwest, and scattered deep convection is
    maturing within this favorable environment from the upper Red River
    Valley into southwestern MN. While LLJ is not particularly strong at
    this time, latest model guidance suggests 1km flow could increase in
    excess of 35kt across southern MN by mid-late evening. Scattered
    supercells have evolved near the SD/MN border, and this activity
    could grow upscale as it propagates downstream along a weak
    boundary, aided by the aforementioned increase in LLJ and associated
    low-level warm advection. 00z sounding from ABR exhibited MLCAPE
    around 3000 J/kg with adequate deep-layer shear for sustaining
    organized updrafts. This supports the potential for all hazards with
    these storms into the late-evening hours.

    Upstream across the High Plains, water-vapor imagery suggests a weak disturbance is ejecting across southern MT, and this feature will
    shift into the western Dakotas by the end of the period. Isolated
    thunderstorms developed over the higher terrain southwest of
    Billings MT, and there is some concern for additional development
    ahead of the short wave later tonight as it encounters a bit more moisture/instability over southeast MT into the Black Hills region.
    Until then, a long-lived supercell is digging southeast across
    Jackson County SD, just south of Phillip. This storm has a history
    of producing very large hail and damaging winds. This activity may
    remain somewhat isolated as it propagates toward south central SD
    later this evening.

    ..Darrow.. 06/29/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 29 05:52:46 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 290551
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 290550

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1250 AM CDT Sun Jun 29 2025

    Valid 291200Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE UPPER
    MIDWEST TO THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered strong to severe thunderstorms are possible
    from the upper Great Lakes into the central High Plains. Wind is the
    primary risk, though hail is expected across portions of the High
    Plains.

    ...Upper Great Lakes to the Central High Plains...

    Broadly cyclonic westerlies, currently noted over the northern
    Plains, will gradually shift east and sag south across the upper MS
    Valley late in the period. Mid-level flow south of I-70 will remain
    seasonally weak, and the prospect for organized convection south of
    this corridor is low.

    Early this morning, a weak synoptic front stretched from
    northwestern MN into northern NE before arcing into eastern WY. This
    boundary is forecast to sag south and east through the period with a late-afternoon position expected from northern WI-central
    IA-northwest KS-arcing into southeast WY. This boundary will likely
    serve as the focus for robust convection during the
    afternoon/evening hours. Diurnal heating will prove instrumental in
    convective development and the strongest boundary-layer heating will
    be noted across the High Plains into extreme southeast NE.
    Convective temperatures will be easily breached along the boundary
    over northern KS as temperatures soar through the upper 90s to near
    100F. Forecast soundings exhibit cloud bases near 3km in this
    environment and fairly high PWs favor damaging winds despite the
    relative weak shear across this region.

    Farther northeast, remnants of early-day convection will spread
    across southern MN/northwest IA. This activity will propagate
    southeast and likely influence redevelopment where differential
    heating is greatest. Some short-range guidance suggests an MCS may
    propagate south along the NE/IA border, with some upscale growth
    possible by early evening. While not all models agree, this signal
    is likely real, especially as a weak LLJ is forecast across eastern
    KS into northwest MO into the evening.

    Another corridor where strong/severe convection is expected is
    across the High Plains from eastern WY into northeast CO. Northwest
    flow is forecast to strengthen across the northern High Plains along
    the back side of the trough. Isolated supercells are expected to
    develop along the synoptic front that will be draped across this
    region. Forecast soundings do not exhibit strong buoyancy, but
    modest shear and moist profiles favor organized updrafts that should
    spread southeast toward the NE Panhandle. Large hail and wind are
    expected.

    ...Middle Atlantic...

    Seasonally high PW values and light west-southwesterly mid-level
    flow will once again favor a few slow-moving line segments and
    clusters. Storms will be diurnally driven, and convection should
    focus along a very weak zone of low-level confluence that should
    extend across the Delmarva into central VA. Locally strong gusts are
    the primary concern.

    ..Darrow/Lyons.. 06/29/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 29 12:32:28 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 291232
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 291230

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0730 AM CDT Sun Jun 29 2025

    Valid 291300Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE UPPER
    MIDWEST TO THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered strong to severe thunderstorms are possible
    from the upper Great Lakes into the central High Plains. Wind is the
    primary risk, though hail is expected across portions of the High
    Plains.

    ...Upper Great Lakes to the Central High Plains...
    Belt of stronger westerlies will remain confined to the
    U.S.-Canadian border states as a mid- to upper-level trough shifts
    east from the MT/ND vicinity into the Upper Midwest late. A surface
    front is analyzed this morning from the Upper Midwest, where it is
    ill defined and modulated by convective outflow, southwestward into
    northern KS and arcing west-northwest into the central High Plains.
    Some eastward movement is forecast during the day across the Upper
    Midwest whereas the frontal segment over the central Great Plains
    will become stationary this afternoon. This boundary and associated
    composite outflow will serve as the primary focus for renewed shower/thunderstorm activity this afternoon into tonight.

    A decaying MCS over western IA/southeast NE this morning will
    further weaken and an ongoing corridor of weak thunderstorms extends
    southeast from the MCS through the lower MO Valley. Removed from
    cloud debris, strong heating of a seasonably moist boundary layer
    will result in strong destabilization from WI southwestward into KS,
    where 2000-3500 J/kg MLCAPE is forecast by mid afternoon. The
    aforementioned displacement of this region from stronger mid and
    high-level flow will limit potential for greater storm organization.
    However, isolated to scattered thunderstorms will likely evolve into
    several small-scale bands and clusters from the western Great Lakes
    into the lower MO Valley posing mainly a wind risk with the stronger
    storms. Stronger heating farther west over central KS westward into
    parts of the central High Plains will result in steep low to
    mid-level tropospheric lapse rates. Evaporative cooling of stronger water-laden downdrafts will yield a threat for severe gusts across
    the central Great Plains into the lower MO Valley. Hail may
    accompany the stronger cores, but this risk will be limited by a
    deep melting layer and a multicellular storm mode. A couple of
    clusters may persist through the evening and into the overnight as
    this activity shifts southward, perhaps into southeast KS and
    northern OK late.

    Another corridor where strong/severe convection is expected is
    across the High Plains from eastern WY into northeast CO. Northwest
    flow is forecast to strengthen across the northern High Plains along
    the back side of the trough. Isolated supercells are expected to
    develop along the synoptic front that will be draped across this
    region. Forecast soundings do not exhibit strong buoyancy, but
    modest shear and moist profiles favor organized updrafts that should
    spread southeast toward the NE Panhandle. Large hail and wind are
    expected.

    ...Mid Atlantic states...
    A moist and moderately unstable airmass will favor isolated to
    scattered thunderstorms developing during the afternoon across the
    region. High PW and steepened surface to 850-mb lapse rates amidst
    weak shear will result in relatively disorganized individual storms
    and smaller clusters. Localized strong to severe gusts (50-60 mph)
    may result and yield pockets of wind damage with the stronger cores.

    ..Smith/Broyles.. 06/29/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 29 16:32:51 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 291632
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 291630

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1130 AM CDT Sun Jun 29 2025

    Valid 291630Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PORTIONS OF
    THE CENTRAL PLAINS...AND PORTIONS OF IOWA/WISCONSIN....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered strong to severe thunderstorms are possible
    from the upper Great Lakes into the central High Plains. Wind is the
    primary risk, though hail is expected across portions of the High
    Plains.

    ...Eastern KS/Western MO...
    An overnight MCS is slowly weakening over central MO, with an
    associated outflow boundary extending from eastern KS into
    south-central MO. Strong heating will occur along and south of the
    boundary, where several 12z CAM solutions indicate development of
    afternoon thunderstorms. Given this scenario, have extended the
    SLGT risk farther south into this region. Locally damaging wind
    gusts would be the main concern. Refer to MCD #1506 for further
    short-term details.

    ...WY/CO/SD/NE...
    A low-amplitude shortwave trough is digging into WY. As forcing
    associated with this system overspreads the High Plains of WY,
    high-based convection is expected. Thunderstorms will intensify as
    they track into a moderately unstable air mass and weak but backed
    low-level flow. Severe storms capable of large hail and damaging
    winds may affect the Black Hills region and southward into the NE
    Panhandle.

    Storms will also develop southward into the foothills of CO this
    afternoon and spread eastward. Winds and temperatures aloft are
    less favorable for organized/severe storms that far south, but at
    least isolated instances of large hail and damaging winds are
    possible.

    ...IA/WI...
    Strong heating is occurring across much of WI today, where a moist
    air mass will lead to moderate CAPE values. Thunderstorms will
    develop by mid-afternoon along a remnant weak boundary across
    central WI/northeast IA and spread northeastward through the day.
    Vertical shear is not particularly strong, and overall convective
    organization is expected to be low. Nevertheless, steep low-level
    lapse rates and ample instability will promote strong downdrafts and
    some hail in the strongest cells.

    ..Hart/Marsh.. 06/29/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Jun 29 20:04:05 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 292002
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 292000

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0300 PM CDT Sun Jun 29 2025

    Valid 292000Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PARTS OF THE
    CENTRAL PLAINS INTO THE MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...AND OVER PARTS
    OF THE UPPER MIDWEST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered strong to severe thunderstorms are possible
    from the upper Great Lakes into the central High Plains. Wind is the
    primary risk, though hail is expected across portions of the High
    Plains.

    ...20Z Update...
    The Slight risk was expanded southeastward from parts of the central
    Plains into the Middle MS Valley, where a cluster of thunderstorms
    is intensifying as it impinges on a strongly unstable air mass. The
    primary concern with this activity is damaging wind gusts. For
    information on the severe risk here, reference Severe Thunderstorm
    Watch 478. Additionally, 2-percent tornado probabilities were added
    along this corridor and westward into southeast/south-central KS and
    far northeast/north-central OK. Here, antecedent outflow is
    diurnally destabilizing amid rich boundary-layer moisture.
    Clockwise-curved low-level hodographs will support a localized
    tornado risk with any cells that can develop in this corridor.

    Farther west, significant-wind probabilities were added over
    northwest KS, southwest NE, and far eastern CO. Any thunderstorm
    clusters that evolve out of CO and move through this area will have
    the potential of producing gusts upward of 75 mph -- aided by steep
    deep-layer lapse rates and sufficiently elongated hodographs.
    Additionally, visible satellite imagery shows a shallow
    boundary-layer cumulus field along a surface wind shift in this
    general area. As storms move into this area of enhanced moisture and
    steep lapse rates, a brief tornado will be possible.

    Reference Severe Thunderstorm Watch 477 and MCD 1508 for the severe
    risk in the Upper Midwest, and MCDs 1509 and 1510 for the High
    Plains severe risk.

    ..Weinman.. 06/29/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1130 AM CDT Sun Jun 29 2025/

    ...Eastern KS/Western MO...
    An overnight MCS is slowly weakening over central MO, with an
    associated outflow boundary extending from eastern KS into
    south-central MO. Strong heating will occur along and south of the
    boundary, where several 12z CAM solutions indicate development of
    afternoon thunderstorms. Given this scenario, have extended the
    SLGT risk farther south into this region. Locally damaging wind
    gusts would be the main concern. Refer to MCD #1506 for further
    short-term details.

    ...WY/CO/SD/NE...
    A low-amplitude shortwave trough is digging into WY. As forcing
    associated with this system overspreads the High Plains of WY,
    high-based convection is expected. Thunderstorms will intensify as
    they track into a moderately unstable air mass and weak but backed
    low-level flow. Severe storms capable of large hail and damaging
    winds may affect the Black Hills region and southward into the NE
    Panhandle.

    Storms will also develop southward into the foothills of CO this
    afternoon and spread eastward. Winds and temperatures aloft are
    less favorable for organized/severe storms that far south, but at
    least isolated instances of large hail and damaging winds are
    possible.

    ...IA/WI...
    Strong heating is occurring across much of WI today, where a moist
    air mass will lead to moderate CAPE values. Thunderstorms will
    develop by mid-afternoon along a remnant weak boundary across
    central WI/northeast IA and spread northeastward through the day.
    Vertical shear is not particularly strong, and overall convective
    organization is expected to be low. Nevertheless, steep low-level
    lapse rates and ample instability will promote strong downdrafts and
    some hail in the strongest cells.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 30 00:58:09 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 300058
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 300056

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0756 PM CDT Sun Jun 29 2025

    Valid 300100Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE CENTRAL
    HIGH PLAINS TO THE OZARKS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe thunderstorms remain possible this
    evening across the central/Southern Plains and Ozarks. More
    isolated severe storms are possible across the Great lakes and upper
    Midwest. Wind is the primary risk, though hail is expected across
    portions of the High Plains.

    ...Central High Plains...
    Several clusters of severe storms are ongoing from southern SD to
    eastern WY/CO and into western KS/NE. Moderate instability and
    elongated hodographs will continue to support supercells. Hail and
    damaging winds will remain likely this evening.

    With time, upscale growth into one or more larger clusters appears
    likely across the eastern CO Plains and western NE/KS. Modest
    forcing for ascent and effective shear suggest the degree of
    organization of any clusters that form is somewhat uncertain.
    Confidence in greater storm organization is highest across parts of
    KS/NE along the sagging cold front. Here, large buoyancy and locally
    stronger forcing may allow for more efficient upscale growth. Should
    a more organized MCS develop, a conditional risk for gusts upward of
    75 mph is possible across parts of the central Plains tonight.

    ...Ozarks to central KS...
    An ongoing complex of thunderstorms with an established cold pool is
    likely to persist into this evening amidst a very buoyant (4000 J/kg
    MUCAPE) but weakly sheared air mass across the Ozarks and southern
    Plains. Model guidance and observational trends suggest a gradual
    weakening of the entire complex is likely with southward extent this
    evening, related to the loss of diurnal heating and the lack of
    broader deep-layer ascent. Still, isolated damaging gusts remain
    possible across northern AR and southern MO.

    To the west, new thunderstorm development across parts of
    south-central KS and northeastern OK will likely be the new focus
    for stronger storms on the flanks of the surging outflow tonight.
    Given the degree of buoyancy, isolated damaging gusts and some hail
    are possible. One or more clusters of strong to occasionally severe
    storms are likely, and may persist into northern OK and southern KS
    tonight.

    ...Great Lakes to the upper Midwest...
    Isolated storm development remains possible this evening along
    trailing outflow and a weak cold front from southern WI to IA.
    Vertical shear is not particularly strong, and overall convective
    organization is expected to be low. Still, remaining instability
    and moist surface conditions will promote occasional strong
    downdrafts this evening.

    ..Lyons.. 06/30/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 30 06:02:59 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 300602
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 300600

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0100 AM CDT Mon Jun 30 2025

    Valid 301200Z - 011200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
    SOUTHERN PLAINS MIDWEST AND MID ATLANTIC AS WELL AS THE NORTHWEST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe thunderstorms remain possible across
    parts of the southern Plains, Ohio Valley, Midwest and the
    Mid-Atlantic today. A couple of severe thunderstorms also cannot be
    ruled out over parts of the Pacific Northwest.

    ...Synopsis...
    A broad upper trough is forecast to intensify as it moves
    southeastward across the Great Lakes and Midwest through tonight. At
    the same time, sub-tropical ridging will build over the Plains,
    keeping stronger flow aloft displaced to the north. To the west of
    the ridge, an upper low will overspread portions of the West Coast.
    At the surface, a weak cold front will sag southward from the
    Midwest to the southern Plains. Numerous thunderstorms are likely
    ahead of the front with isolated damaging gusts and hail possible.

    ...Midwest and Great lakes...
    Ahead of the slow-moving cold front, rich low-level moisture with
    dewpoints in the 70s F will be in place from MO/IL into Lower MI. A
    messy surface pattern, with multiple remnant outflows and cloud
    debris will likely modulate diurnal heating to some degree through
    the early afternoon. With little inhibition, scattered to numerous thunderstorms are expected by mid afternoon as ascent from the
    approaching upper trough overspreads the unstable air mass. Several
    loosely organized bands or clusters of strong pulse storms are
    likely. Weak mid-level flow and poor lapse rates suggests minimal
    potential for greater storm organization. Though high PWATS near 2
    inches will support heavy water loading and microburst potential,
    with the stronger storms.

    ...OH valley to the Mid Atlantic...
    A similar pattern to the Midwest, with somewhat higher storm
    coverage, is expected from OH eastward into PA and the Mid Atlantic.
    Scattered to numerous thunderstorms should develop by late morning
    amid strong surface heating ahead of a subtle shortwave trough over
    the OH valley. 20-30 kt of mid-level flow could support some
    clustering of storms by early afternoon. Despite mediocre mid-level
    lapse rates less than 6 C/km, the high PWAT air mass and some
    consolidation of outflows could support isolated damaging wind
    potential across eastern OH, southern NY into PA and the Mid
    Atlantic states.

    ...Southern Plains to the Ozarks...
    Scattered thunderstorms should develop by mid afternoon ahead of
    sagging cold front from the TX Panhandle across the southern Plains
    and western Ozarks. Beneath the northern fringes of the building sub
    tropical high, strong heating and rich boundary-layer moisture will
    support large buoyancy (MLCAPE (3000-4000 J/kg). Scattered
    thunderstorm development is likely ahead of the front, and along
    remnant outflows from overnight convection. Despite modest vertical
    wind shear, the large buoyancy may still support occasional strong
    to severe storms with the primary risk of damaging gusts and
    occasional hail.

    ...Northern CA into southern OR...
    Ahead of the weak upper low over southern CA, southerly flow will
    aid in increasing mid-level moisture across parts of northern CA and
    southern OR. Ample heating, weak synoptic ascent and typical
    terrain-induced circulations will encourage scattered high-based
    thunderstorm development through the afternoon. Nearly dry adiabatic
    lapse rates from deep mixing of the boundary layer to near 500mb
    will favor strong downdrafts capable of isolated severe wind gusts.
    MUCAPE (~1000 J/kg) and 20-30 kt of southerly shear, may also
    support marginally severe hail with the strongest cores.

    ..Lyons/Darrow.. 06/30/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 30 12:51:24 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 301250
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 301248

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0748 AM CDT Mon Jun 30 2025

    Valid 301300Z - 011200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
    SOUTHERN PLAINS INTO THE MIDWEST AND MID ATLANTIC STATES...AND PARTS
    OF THE DESERT SOUTHWEST AND WEST COAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of the
    southern Plains into the Midwest and the Mid-Atlantic, and in parts
    of the Desert Southwest, and also in adjacent parts of southern
    Oregon and northern California today.

    ...Synopsis...
    Water-vapor imagery this morning shows an upper trough over the
    Dakotas/Upper Midwest, and this feature is forecast to move into the
    Great Lakes by tonight. At the same time, sub-tropical ridging will
    build over the Plains, keeping stronger flow aloft displaced to the
    north. Farther west, an upper trough/low will meander slowly
    eastward over the eastern Pacific towards the CA coast. At the
    surface, a weak cold front will sag southward from the
    Midwest to the southern Plains.

    ...Southern Plains into the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic states...
    A myriad of prior convective outflow in addition to the cold front
    will serve as foci for storm development today. Ahead of the
    slow-moving cold front, rich low-level moisture and heating will
    lead to moderate to strong destabilization in areas void of
    persistent early day cloud debris. Small clusters and bands of
    storms may locally concentrate some damaging-wind threat, but
    predictability of these meso-beta corridors remains uncertain.
    Nonetheless, scattered storms will gradually progress east and
    southward during the day and through the evening across the Marginal
    Risk area. Strong to severe downdrafts will be the primary severe
    threat, but large hail may occur with a few storms over parts of the
    southern Plains where lapse rates/buoyancy are greater than areas
    farther northeast. The overall severe threat will likely remain
    tempered by weak to modest mid-level flow.

    ...Southwest NM and far southeast AZ...
    Strong heating of an adequately moist airmass will result in
    appreciable buoyancy by peak heating. Scattered thunderstorms
    developing within an environment characterized by very steep lapse
    rates and inverted-v profiles, will support isolated severe gusts
    (60-70 mph) with the stronger evaporatively cooled downdrafts during
    the late afternoon and early evening.

    ...Northern CA into southern OR...
    Ahead of the weak upper trough immediately west of the CA coast,
    southerly flow will aid in increasing mid-level moisture across
    parts of northern CA and southern OR. Ample heating coupled with
    weak large-scale and orographic ascent will aid in isolated to
    scattered high-based thunderstorm development. Very steep lapse
    rates and a deep, dry sub cloud layer will favor evaporatively
    cooled downdrafts capable of isolated 55-65 mph gusts.

    ..Smith/Broyles.. 06/30/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 30 16:29:45 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 301629
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 301628

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1128 AM CDT Mon Jun 30 2025

    Valid 301630Z - 011200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
    SOUTHERN PLAINS INTO THE MIDWEST AND MID ATLANTIC STATES...AND PARTS
    OF THE DESERT SOUTHWEST AND WEST COAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of the
    southern Plains into the Midwest and the Mid-Atlantic, and in parts
    of the Desert Southwest, and also in adjacent parts of southern
    Oregon and northern California today.

    ...Southern OK/Northwest TX...
    Morning visible satellite imagery confirms an outflow boundary
    extending across central OK. Strong heating to the south of the
    boundary will lead to a very unstable air mass with dewpoints in the
    mid 70s and MLCAPE values over 3000 J/kg. Scattered thunderstorms
    are expected to develop along the boundary by mid-afternoon,
    propagating southward into north TX during the evening. Winds aloft
    are rather weak in this area, suggesting limited storm organization.
    However, the degree of instability and steep low-level lapse rates
    will promote a risk of damaging wind in the stronger cells. Hail
    will also be possible in the strongest updrafts.

    ...PA/NY...
    A warm and humid air mass is present once again across parts of
    NY/PA, where daytime heating will lead to MLCAPE values of 1500-2000
    J/kg. Forecast soundings suggest ample mid-level moisture which
    will be favorable for considerable coverage of storms, but may limit
    the overall severe downdraft potential. Nevertheless, a few strong
    to severe cells capable of locally damaging wind gusts are possible.
    Refer to MCD #1522 for further details.

    ...NM/Southeast AZ...
    Upper 40s and 50s dewpoints have become established across the
    mountains of southern NM into southeast AZ. Full heating will lead
    to deep mixing and inverted-v profiles over the region. Scattered
    afternoon thunderstorms will likely result in gusty/damaging wind
    gusts in some of this activity.

    ...Upper MI/WI...
    A progressive shortwave trough over northern MN will track into the
    Great Lakes region today, with cooling mid-level temperatures and
    increasing large scale forcing. This will lead to scattered
    late-afternoon thunderstorms over parts of WI and the Upper MI.
    Locally gusty winds and hail are possible in these storms.

    ...Northern CA/Southern OR...
    Ahead of the weak upper trough immediately west of the CA coast,
    southerly flow will aid in increasing mid-level moisture across
    parts of northern CA and southern OR. Ample heating coupled with
    weak large-scale and orographic ascent will aid in isolated to
    scattered high-based thunderstorm development. Very steep lapse
    rates will pose a risk of gusty/damaging winds.

    ..Hart/Karstens.. 06/30/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Jun 30 20:04:53 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 302004
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 302002

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0302 PM CDT Mon Jun 30 2025

    Valid 302000Z - 011200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
    SOUTHERN PLAINS INTO THE MIDWEST AND MID ATLANTIC STATES...AND PARTS
    OF THE DESERT SOUTHWEST AND WEST COAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of the
    southern Plains into the Midwest and the Mid-Atlantic, and in parts
    of the Desert Southwest, and also in adjacent parts of southern
    Oregon and northern California today.

    ...20Z Update...
    Forecast scenario remains unchanged. See active Mesoscale
    Discussions and the prior Outlook discussion below.

    ..Guyer.. 06/30/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1128 AM CDT Mon Jun 30 2025/

    ...Southern OK/Northwest TX...
    Morning visible satellite imagery confirms an outflow boundary
    extending across central OK. Strong heating to the south of the
    boundary will lead to a very unstable air mass with dewpoints in the
    mid 70s and MLCAPE values over 3000 J/kg. Scattered thunderstorms
    are expected to develop along the boundary by mid-afternoon,
    propagating southward into north TX during the evening. Winds aloft
    are rather weak in this area, suggesting limited storm organization.
    However, the degree of instability and steep low-level lapse rates
    will promote a risk of damaging wind in the stronger cells. Hail
    will also be possible in the strongest updrafts.

    ...PA/NY...
    A warm and humid air mass is present once again across parts of
    NY/PA, where daytime heating will lead to MLCAPE values of 1500-2000
    J/kg. Forecast soundings suggest ample mid-level moisture which
    will be favorable for considerable coverage of storms, but may limit
    the overall severe downdraft potential. Nevertheless, a few strong
    to severe cells capable of locally damaging wind gusts are possible.
    Refer to MCD #1522 for further details.

    ...NM/Southeast AZ...
    Upper 40s and 50s dewpoints have become established across the
    mountains of southern NM into southeast AZ. Full heating will lead
    to deep mixing and inverted-v profiles over the region. Scattered
    afternoon thunderstorms will likely result in gusty/damaging wind
    gusts in some of this activity.

    ...Upper MI/WI...
    A progressive shortwave trough over northern MN will track into the
    Great Lakes region today, with cooling mid-level temperatures and
    increasing large scale forcing. This will lead to scattered
    late-afternoon thunderstorms over parts of WI and the Upper MI.
    Locally gusty winds and hail are possible in these storms.

    ...Northern CA/Southern OR...
    Ahead of the weak upper trough immediately west of the CA coast,
    southerly flow will aid in increasing mid-level moisture across
    parts of northern CA and southern OR. Ample heating coupled with
    weak large-scale and orographic ascent will aid in isolated to
    scattered high-based thunderstorm development. Very steep lapse
    rates will pose a risk of gusty/damaging winds.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jul 1 00:43:46 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 010043
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 010042

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0742 PM CDT Mon Jun 30 2025

    Valid 010100Z - 011200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC...RED RIVER REGION OF THE SOUTHERN
    PLAINS...SOUTHWESTERN BORDER AREA...AND PACIFIC NORTHWEST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong, to locally severe, thunderstorms will persist for a
    few hours this evening. Damaging gusts are the primary concern.

    ...01z Update...

    Diurnal heating, and steepening of the boundary layer, has been the
    primary instigator for scattered convection across much of the CONUS
    this afternoon. Many areas have been efficiently overturned and with
    onset of nocturnal cooling, further stabilization is expected this
    evening. Even so, for the next few hours a few pockets of robust
    convection will likely persist. Moderate to strong buoyancy is noted
    across the Delmarva and the Red River region of southern OK/north
    TX. Deep convection may continue to generate locally strong winds
    until this activity weakens by mid evening.

    Isolated wind gusts may also accompany high-based convection across
    southeast AZ/southern NM, and near the OR/CA border. Boundary-layer
    cooling will also contribute to further weakening, along with a
    lessening severe threat.

    ..Darrow.. 07/01/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jul 1 05:49:47 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 010549
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 010548

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1248 AM CDT Tue Jul 01 2025

    Valid 011200Z - 021200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE MIDDLE
    ATLANTIC REGION...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe storms are possible across parts of the
    Mid-Atlantic into the Northeast this afternoon/evening. An isolated
    severe storm may also occur over parts of the High Plains.

    ...Middle Atlantic...

    Upper trough currently located over the upper Great Lakes, extending
    into central MO, is forecast to shift into the OH Valley by late
    afternoon before advancing across the northern/central Appalachians
    by the end of the period. At the surface, a cold front will progress
    into the upper OH Valley early in the period and this will serve as
    the focus for scattered thunderstorms by mid day.

    Early this morning, water-vapor imagery suggests a weak
    low-amplitude short-wave trough is embedded within the base of the
    larger trough along the IL/IN border. Radar data supports this with
    a few clusters of thunderstorms extending from western IN into
    western TN. Current speed/movement of this feature would place this
    short wave into southern OH/eastern KY by 18z. While low-level lapse
    rates are not forecast to be that steep across the Middle Atlantic,
    modest southwesterly mid-level flow will contribute to adequate
    shear, supporting organized line segments/clusters. Current thinking
    is scattered thunderstorms will readily develop ahead of this
    feature, and a marked increase in convection should be noted into
    the mid afternoon across southern PA into northern VA. Latest HREF
    guidance supports this scenario, and forecast soundings favor
    damaging winds with convection that develops within a high-PW air
    mass, despite marginal lapse rates/instability. Strong-severe
    convection should spread off the Middle Atlantic Coast during the
    evening.

    ...High Plains...

    A weak short-wave trough appears to be topping the Rockies ridge
    over eastern ID/southern MT early this morning. This feature will
    begin to dig southeast toward the Black Hills, eventually migrating
    into the lower MO Valley by the end of the period. As a result, a
    weak lee trough should extend across eastern WY during the late
    afternoon and isolated thunderstorms are expected to develop across
    the High Plains of western SD into the NE Panhandle/northeast CO.
    Some consideration was given to a SLGT Risk across this region but
    activity may prove too sparse to warrant higher severe
    probabilities. Even so, wind profiles suggest a few slow-moving
    supercells could develop. With LLJ expected to strengthen across
    this region after sunset, this would favor a few longer-lived
    storms. If it appears coverage will be a bit more expansive then
    currently forecast, a SLGT Risk may be warranted.

    ..Darrow/Halbert.. 07/01/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jul 1 12:49:24 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 011249
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 011247

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0747 AM CDT Tue Jul 01 2025

    Valid 011300Z - 021200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PARTS OF THE
    MID-ATLANTIC REGION AND ACROSS WESTERN PORTIONS OF NEBRASKA AND
    SOUTH DAKOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe storms are possible across parts of the
    Mid-Atlantic into the Northeast this afternoon/evening. A few
    severe thunderstorms are possible over western parts of Nebraska and
    South Dakota.

    ...Mid-Atlantic states into the Northeast and Southeast...
    Water-vapor imagery this morning indicates an upper trough is moving
    east across the Great Lakes/lower OH Valley and other minor
    perturbations are located over the Mid South. The primary
    disturbance will overspread the Appalachians by mid-late evening.
    In the low levels, a cold front analyzed over the southern Great
    Lakes into the lower OH Valley/Mid South will gradually progress
    east/southeast during the period.

    12 UTC raob data from the OH Valley and Mid South eastward to the
    Mid-Atlantic region shows a very moist troposphere with limited
    700-500 mb lapse rates (less than 5.5 deg C/km). Nonetheless,
    diurnal heating of the moist boundary layer will result in moderate
    buoyancy from portions of the Northeast southwestward through the
    Mid-Atlantic states and into the Southeast. Models continue to
    indicate modest southwesterly mid-level flow across the Mid-Atlantic
    states will contribute to adequate shear, supporting some
    organization of storms into line segments/clusters. Scattered
    thunderstorms will increase in coverage with time and numerous
    thunderstorms are expected by mid-late afternoon while moving east
    across PA/WV/VA/MD. Strong to severe gusts (50-65 mph) are possible
    with the stronger downdrafts. Less organized but scattered to
    numerous storms are forecast farther southwest into portions of the
    southern Appalachians with a risk for damaging gusts with the
    stronger storms. Strong-severe convection should spread off the
    Middle Atlantic Coast during the evening.

    ...Black Hills into the central High Plains...
    A weak mid-level disturbance is moving east across northern
    WY/southern MT towards the SD/NE vicinity later today. A weak lee
    trough will likely serve as a focus for thunderstorm development
    this afternoon from near the Black Hills southward into northeast
    CO. Forecast soundings show around 30-kt effective shear in the
    presence of steep lapse rates and moderate MLCAPE (1000-2500 J/kg).
    Some of the recent MPAS guidance indicates a few stronger
    thunderstorms will develop across western NE and perhaps into
    western SD. A couple of supercells with an attendant large-hail
    risk are possible, thereby prompting an increase in hail
    probabilities this outlook update. Some severe risk may linger into
    the mid-late evening coincident with a strengthening of a southerly
    LLJ centered over west-central NE before this activity dissipates.

    ..Smith/Broyles.. 07/01/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jul 1 16:06:18 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 011606
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 011604

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1104 AM CDT Tue Jul 01 2025

    Valid 011630Z - 021200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PARTS OF THE
    MID-ATLANTIC REGION AND ACROSS WESTERN PORTIONS OF NEBRASKA AND
    SOUTH DAKOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe storms are possible across parts of the
    Mid-Atlantic into the Northeast this afternoon/evening. A few
    severe thunderstorms are possible over western parts of Nebraska and
    South Dakota.

    ...Mid-Atlantic into the Northeast...
    Recent satellite imagery shows a well-defined shortwave trough
    extending from western QC through the middle OH Valley into the Mid
    MS Valley. Regional radar imagery depicts showers and thunderstorms
    preceding this wave from across the mid/upper OH Valley, with the
    stronger storms occurring along an associated cold front that
    extends from far western NY southwestward across western PA and
    along the WV/OH border through eastern KY.

    The general expectation throughout the day is for this shortwave
    trough and associated cold front to progress eastward into the
    increasingly moist and unstable airmass downstream, promoting
    widespread thunderstorm development this afternoon. Moderate
    mid-level flow extends through the eastern periphery of this wave,
    with the strongest flow (i.e. around 40 kt at 500 mb) expected to
    move across NY and New England. Given the more northern trajectory
    of the stronger flow, there will be limited overlap between the
    strongest flow and the better buoyancy, which will remain farther
    south across the Mid-Atlantic. Even so, the overall environment will
    support some organization of storms into line segments/clusters.
    Scattered thunderstorms will increase in coverage with time and
    numerous thunderstorms are expected by mid-late afternoon while
    moving east from PA/WV in NJ/VA/MD. Recently issued MCD #1529 also
    addresses the severe potential in this region. More limited storm
    coverage is anticipated farther north. Strong to severe gusts (50-65
    mph) are possible with the stronger downdrafts.

    ...Black Hills/SD into the Central High Plains...
    A weak shortwave trough is currently progressing through eastern MT
    and eastern WY, throughout the northern periphery of the upper
    ridging that extends from the southern Plains through the northern
    Rockies. This wave is forecast to continue eastward/southeastward,
    eventually interacting with the moderate low-level moisture expected
    to advect northward across western portions of KS, NE and SD. Ascent
    attendant to this wave will augment low-level convergence near an
    associated surface low to foster afternoon thunderstorm development.
    Low-level southerly flow veering to northwesterly aloft will foster
    moderate effective shear (i.e. 30 to 40 kt) and the potential for a
    couple of supercells. Large hail will be the primary risk with these
    storms.

    Some additional thunderstorms are possible later tonight across far
    southern ND and central/eastern SD as a strengthening low-level jet
    contributes to warm-air advection across a developing warm frontal
    zone. Moderate shear and steep mid-level lapse rates will support a
    few stronger storms capable of producing isolated large hail.

    ...Central Appalachians into the Southeast...
    Afternoon thunderstorms are expected across a large area from the
    central Appalachians and Carolinas southwestward into the Southeast,
    along or just ahead of a weak, eastward-progressing cold front.
    Limited vertical shear should promote less organized storms,
    although a few strong, water-loaded downdrafts capable of producing
    damaging winds are possible.

    ..Mosier/Karstens.. 07/01/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Jul 1 19:29:19 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 011929
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 011927

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 PM CDT Tue Jul 01 2025

    Valid 012000Z - 021200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PARTS OF THE
    MID-ATLANTIC REGION AND ACROSS WESTERN PORTIONS OF NEBRASKA AND
    SOUTH DAKOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe storms are possible across parts of the
    Mid-Atlantic into the Northeast this afternoon/evening. A few
    severe thunderstorms are possible over western parts of Nebraska and
    South Dakota.

    ...20z Update...
    A Marginal Risk was added across southwestern MT into central ID
    with this outlook. While instability is modest, lapse rates are
    steep and forecast soundings show characteristic inverted-v. This
    suggests that the widely scattered thunderstorm activity this
    afternoon will be capable of occasionally strong to severe winds,
    supporting addition of a 5% wind risk. Otherwise, the outlook
    remains unchanged. See previous discussion below for more
    information.

    ..Thornton.. 07/01/2025

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1104 AM CDT Tue Jul 01 2025/

    ...Mid-Atlantic into the Northeast...
    Recent satellite imagery shows a well-defined shortwave trough
    extending from western QC through the middle OH Valley into the Mid
    MS Valley. Regional radar imagery depicts showers and thunderstorms
    preceding this wave from across the mid/upper OH Valley, with the
    stronger storms occurring along an associated cold front that
    extends from far western NY southwestward across western PA and
    along the WV/OH border through eastern KY.

    The general expectation throughout the day is for this shortwave
    trough and associated cold front to progress eastward into the
    increasingly moist and unstable airmass downstream, promoting
    widespread thunderstorm development this afternoon. Moderate
    mid-level flow extends through the eastern periphery of this wave,
    with the strongest flow (i.e. around 40 kt at 500 mb) expected to
    move across NY and New England. Given the more northern trajectory
    of the stronger flow, there will be limited overlap between the
    strongest flow and the better buoyancy, which will remain farther
    south across the Mid-Atlantic. Even so, the overall environment will
    support some organization of storms into line segments/clusters.
    Scattered thunderstorms will increase in coverage with time and
    numerous thunderstorms are expected by mid-late afternoon while
    moving east from PA/WV in NJ/VA/MD. Recently issued MCD #1529 also
    addresses the severe potential in this region. More limited storm
    coverage is anticipated farther north. Strong to severe gusts (50-65
    mph) are possible with the stronger downdrafts.

    ...Black Hills/SD into the Central High Plains...
    A weak shortwave trough is currently progressing through eastern MT
    and eastern WY, throughout the northern periphery of the upper
    ridging that extends from the southern Plains through the northern
    Rockies. This wave is forecast to continue eastward/southeastward,
    eventually interacting with the moderate low-level moisture expected
    to advect northward across western portions of KS, NE and SD. Ascent
    attendant to this wave will augment low-level convergence near an
    associated surface low to foster afternoon thunderstorm development.
    Low-level southerly flow veering to northwesterly aloft will foster
    moderate effective shear (i.e. 30 to 40 kt) and the potential for a
    couple of supercells. Large hail will be the primary risk with these
    storms.

    Some additional thunderstorms are possible later tonight across far
    southern ND and central/eastern SD as a strengthening low-level jet
    contributes to warm-air advection across a developing warm frontal
    zone. Moderate shear and steep mid-level lapse rates will support a
    few stronger storms capable of producing isolated large hail.

    ...Central Appalachians into the Southeast...
    Afternoon thunderstorms are expected across a large area from the
    central Appalachians and Carolinas southwestward into the Southeast,
    along or just ahead of a weak, eastward-progressing cold front.
    Limited vertical shear should promote less organized storms,
    although a few strong, water-loaded downdrafts capable of producing
    damaging winds are possible.

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jul 2 00:58:21 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 020058
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 020056

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0756 PM CDT Tue Jul 01 2025

    Valid 020100Z - 021200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE NORTHERN/CENTRAL PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms should continue this evening over
    parts of the northern/central Plains, with large hail the primary
    risk. Isolated damaging winds will also remain possible for a couple
    more hours across portions of the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast.

    ...Northern/Central Plains...
    Multiple supercells developed this afternoon/evening across parts of
    the northern/central High Plains, generally along/east of a surface
    lee trough. Although low-level flow remains fairly modest per area
    VWPs, sufficient west-northwesterly mid/upper-level flow will
    continue to foster around 30-40 kt of deep-layer shear and updraft organization. Persistent supercells will pose mainly a large hail
    threat as they move slowly south-southeastward for at least the next
    several hours. An increasing risk for isolated severe winds may also
    develop given the well-mixed boundary layer and gradual upscale
    growth anticipated. Reference Mesoscale Discussion 1538 for more
    details on the short-term severe threat across this region. A
    separate area of mainly elevated convection may develop later
    tonight across a broader portion of SD in a low-level warm advection
    regime. This activity may have an isolated hail threat.

    ...Mid-Atlantic into the Southeast...
    Loosely organized convection should continue this evening from parts
    of the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast along/ahead of a cold front. An
    isolated threat for damaging winds should persist where pockets of
    moderate instability remain. But, generally modest deep-layer shear
    and a gradually stabilizing boundary layer with the loss of daytime
    heating will likely lead to a gradual reduction in the overall
    severe threat this evening.

    ..Gleason.. 07/02/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)
  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Jul 2 05:30:53 2025
    ACUS01 KWNS 020530
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 020529

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1229 AM CDT Wed Jul 02 2025

    Valid 021200Z - 031200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE NORTHERN ROCKIES/HIGH PLAINS...GREAT BASIN...AND UPPER
    MIDWEST/GREAT LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe thunderstorms may occur today across parts
    of the northern Rockies/High Plains, Great Basin, and Upper
    Midwest/Great Lakes.

    ...Northern Rockies/High Plains...
    Ample daytime heating is forecast today on the northern/western
    periphery of upper ridging centered over the Plains. Current
    expectations are that high-based thunderstorms will develop
    initially over the higher terrain of the northern Rockies, and
    subsequently spread east-northeastward through the evening. Even
    with low-level moisture and instability expected to remain
    modest/weak, a very well-mixed boundary layer will be in place
    across this region and the adjacent High Plains. Thunderstorm
    downdrafts will likely be able to efficiently mix modestly enhanced
    mid-level flow to the surface, and isolated severe gusts should
    occur with this activity as it moves across MT and vicinity through
    this evening. Confidence in a more concentrated corridor of severe
    winds was not high enough to include greater severe probabilities
    with this update.

    ...Great Basin...
    Modestly enhanced southerly flow will be present today over parts of
    the Great Basin in association with a decaying/weak upper trough/low
    over CA and the western Great Basin. While some cloud cover may
    limit diurnal heating and related steepening of low-level lapse
    rates to some extent this afternoon, it still appears probable that
    a generally well-mixed boundary layer will exist across much of NV
    into western UT. At least scattered thunderstorms should spread
    northward across these areas this afternoon/evening, with isolated
    severe wind gusts possible.

    ...Upper Midwest/Great Lakes...
    As upper ridging builds over the Plains today, a shortwave trough
    over Ontario will dig southeastward and provide glancing large-scale
    ascent over parts of the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes. A seasonably
    moist low-level airmass is expected to remain over most of these
    regions, and daytime heating will likely aid in the development of
    moderate to strong instability along/south of a front. Some
    enhancement to the mid/upper-level west-northwesterly flow should
    support sufficient deep-layer shear for organized thunderstorms, and
    a conditionally favorable environment for severe thunderstorms
    remains apparent. Primary uncertainty remains overall convective
    coverage given generally weak large-scale ascent. Have therefore
    maintained the Marginal Risk for severe hail/wind across these
    regions with minimal changes.

    ...Eastern North Carolina...
    Weak upper troughing will advance eastward today across the southern Mid-Atlantic and Carolinas as a surface cold front likewise moves
    slowly east-southeastward across these areas. Poor lapse rates aloft
    will likely limit updraft strength, and deep-layer shear is also
    expected to remain weak. While thunderstorms should develop through
    the afternoon along/ahead of the front across eastern NC and
    vicinity, the potential for damaging winds currently appears too
    limited to include low severe probabilities at this time.

    ..Gleason/Lyons.. 07/02/2025

    $$

    = = =
    To unsubscribe from WX-STORM and you already have a login, go to https://lists.illinois.edu and use the "Unsubscribe" link. Otherwise email Chris Novy at cnovy@cox.net and ask to be removed from WX-STORM.

    --- SBBSecho 3.20-Linux
    * Origin: capitolcityonline.net * Telnet/SSH:2022/HTTP (1:2320/105)