• DAY2SVR: Nws Storm Prediction Center Norman Ok

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 6 11:59:19 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 060659
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 060657

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1257 AM CST Thu Feb 06 2025

    Valid 071200Z - 081200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Showers and a few lightning flashes will be possible Friday,
    particularly across the high terrain of northern Utah and vicinity.

    ...Discussion...
    Within the background quasi-zonal flow aloft across the U.S., a
    short-wave trough is forecast to shift eastward out of the
    northwestern U.S. across the Great Basin and northern Intermountain
    region. Quasigeostrophic ascent associated with this feature will
    support scattered showers, with a few lightning flashes possible -- particularly across favored high-terrain areas of northern Utah and
    surrounding areas.

    The advance of the aforementioned upper system will support eastward progression of a weak/associated surface low. Late in the period,
    the low should emerge into the northern Plains. Meanwhile, farther
    south, a persistent baroclinic zone will remain draped from Oklahoma
    to the Carolinas through the period. While isolated showers will be
    possible in the vicinity of this front, weak instability should
    preclude thunderstorm potential.

    ..Goss.. 02/06/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 6 22:06:30 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 061706
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 061705

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1105 AM CST Thu Feb 06 2025

    Valid 071200Z - 081200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Aside from some potential for a couple of weak thunderstorms across
    parts of the northern Rockies vicinity, the risk for thunderstorms
    appears negligible across much of the U.S., Friday through Friday
    night.

    ...Discussion...
    Models indicate that broad mid/upper ridging will be maintained
    across the subtropical latitudes, from northern Mexico through the
    western Atlantic, and a prominent influence across the southern into
    central tier of the U.S. through this period, downstream of
    persistent ridging in the northern mid-latitudes, and troughing in
    the southern mid- to subtropic latitudes, of the eastern Pacific.
    To the east of the northeastern Pacific ridging, broad mean
    troughing, with more progressive embedded smaller-scale
    perturbations, is forecast to linger across British Columbia and
    the Pacific Northwest, while developing eastward across the Canadian
    Prairies, northern U.S. Rockies and Great Plains.

    Beneath this regime, guidance indicates potential for modest surface cyclogenesis across eastern Colorado through areas near/south of the Kansas/Oklahoma border vicinity. There appears better consensus
    among the models, particularly the ECENS/ECMWF and GEFS/GFS. But
    this output may still be having issues handling ongoing reinforcing
    cold intrusions to the lee of Rockies. The NAM and Rapid Refresh
    remain slower to erode the colder boundary-layer across the Texas
    South Plains into central Oklahoma vicinity, and are slower and
    weaker with the evolving surface wave.

    Otherwise, a gradual erosion, from south to north, of the shallow
    leading edge of the entrenched cold air mass is possible, beneath a
    continuing southerly to westerly return flow across parts of the
    southeastern Great Plains into southern Mid Atlantic. However, it
    appears that associated moisture emanating from a modifying western
    Gulf boundary layer will not become supportive of more than weak destabilization, or an appreciable risk for thunderstorms, due to
    negligible forcing for ascent and warm, capping layers aloft.

    ...Pacific Northwest into northern Great Plains...
    Models do indicate that forcing for ascent and cooling mid-levels
    may contribute to pockets of weak destabilization across parts of
    the Pacific Northwest into northern Great Plains during this period.
    However, based on the latest NAM and Rapid Refresh forecast
    soundings, the calibrated High Resolution Ensemble Forecast guidance
    might be too aggressive with probabilities for thunderstorms across
    the eastern Great Basin into northern Rockies vicinity for Friday
    afternoon and evening. Instability will probably be sufficient to
    support scattered to numerous snow and rain showers. However,
    whether the boundary layer in higher elevations warms enough, or
    convection initiating in lower elevations deepens through
    sufficiently cold layers aloft, to support an appreciable risk for
    lightning remains a bit unclear.

    ..Kerr.. 02/06/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Feb 7 11:07:00 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 070606
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 070605

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1205 AM CST Fri Feb 07 2025

    Valid 081200Z - 091200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Shallow convective showers and isolated thunderstorms are possible
    in portions of the Ohio/Tennessee Valleys on Saturday. Severe
    weather potential is low.

    ...Synopsis...
    Low-amplitude upper-level ridging will develop in the wake of
    departing trough across the Great Lakes into the Mid-South. Within
    the central Plains, another shortwave trough is expected to
    intensify as it progresses eastward into the Ohio
    Valley/Mid-Atlantic by Sunday morning. At the surface, the initial
    stages of warm advection into the Tennessee Valley will take place
    late Friday night and will continue through mid/late Saturday
    afternoon. Modest moisture (mid/upper 50s F dewpoints) may reach as
    far north as the Ohio Valley region. By Saturday evening, a strong
    cold front will then push into Mid-South/Southeast into Sunday
    morning. A modest surface cyclone will develop in response to the
    secondary upper trough and progress along the surface boundary.

    ...Ohio/Tennessee Valleys...
    Models continue to show variability in the strength of the surface
    cyclone and, consequently, the degree of warm/moist advection into
    the regions. Despite these differences, there is likely to be some
    remnant, shallow cold air across Kentucky/Tennessee and adjacent
    areas. Cloud cover will mute surface heating, but offsetting warm
    advection should allow areas of low 60s F temperatures south of the
    Ohio River. The thermodynamic environment is expected to be rather
    weak. The general model consensus would suggest no more than 100
    J/kg of MUCAPE is possible. The primary driver of convection will be
    the cold front where shallow convective showers are probable.
    Convective depth will be limited by lingering warm air aloft and
    lightning production will be minimal to isolated. Even with these
    limitations, 40-50 kts of flow at 850 mb could allow for isolated
    stronger wind gusts within locally deeper convection. Given the
    remaining uncertainties and expected sparse coverage of marginally
    stronger activity, severe potential still appears low. Near and
    north of the Ohio River, convection should remain elevated with
    similar low/isolated potential for lightning.

    ..Wendt.. 02/07/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Feb 7 22:21:12 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 071720
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 071719

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1119 AM CST Fri Feb 07 2025

    Valid 081200Z - 091200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorm development is possible across parts of the
    Ohio Valley Saturday into Saturday night, but the risk for severe
    weather appears negligible.

    ...Discussion...
    Mid/upper flow is in the process of amplifying across the northern mid-latitudes of the eastern Pacific into western North America, and
    models continue to indicate further amplification into and through
    this period. This includes building mid-level ridging across the
    northeastern Pacific through Alaska, and subsequent digging
    downstream troughing across and to the lee of the Canadian and
    northern U.S. Rockies. Otherwise, the confluent downstream
    westerlies are forecast to remain generally zonal across the
    interior U.S. through offshore western Atlantic, between broad
    ridging, centered over the subtropic latitudes of northern Mexico
    into the western Atlantic, and a broad vortex, centered near the
    northeastern Canadian Arctic latitudes. At mid/upper levels, the
    subtropical ridging may maintain considerable influence as far north
    as the southern into central tier of the United States.

    Within the confluent regime across the northern tier of the U.S., it
    still appears that at least a couple of short wave perturbations
    might loosely consolidate into larger-scale, but still
    low-amplitude, troughing across the Great Lakes into Northeast by
    late Saturday through Saturday night. This is forecast to be
    trailed by a similar perturbation accelerating from the Great Basin
    into north central Great Plains. Beneath and just to the south of
    this regime, another cold surface ridge is likely to be in the
    process of building to the lee of the northern Rockies by early
    Saturday, reinforcing cold air already entrenched to the east of the
    Rockies. It still appears that the shallow southern periphery of
    this cold air will initially be in the process of eroding beneath a
    continuing south to southwesterly return flow across the Ozark
    Plateau into Ohio Valley. However, models indicate that associated
    low-level warming and moistening will largely remain confined
    beneath dry, warming layers farther aloft, as the reinforcing cold
    intrusion progresses south (and reaches the Gulf Coast state by 12Z
    Sunday).

    ...Ohio Valley...
    A pre-frontal corridor of boundary-layer warming and moistening near
    a developing frontal wave may contribute to weak potential
    instability, coincident with strengthening lower/mid-tropospheric
    wind fields, across the southern/eastern Kentucky vicinity by late
    Saturday afternoon. However, based on latest model output, it
    remains unlikely that forcing for ascent within the warm sector will
    be sufficient to overcome inhibition.

    Weak elevated thunderstorm development still appears possible
    Saturday through Saturday night, within an initial
    lower/mid-tropospheric warm advection regime near/north of the Ohio
    River into Allegheny Plateau and, later, near/south of the Ohio
    River along the undercutting southward advancing cold front.

    ..Kerr.. 02/07/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 8 11:18:07 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 080618
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 080616

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1216 AM CST Sat Feb 08 2025

    Valid 091200Z - 101200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    There is minimal risk for thunderstorms across the CONUS on Sunday.

    ...Synopsis...
    Zonal flow aloft will be present east of the Divide. A surface high
    within the Plains will shift southeastward into the mid-Mississippi
    Valley. This will push a cold front to near the Gulf Coast. With
    generally stable conditions expected, thunderstorm potential appears
    to be minimal.

    ..Wendt.. 02/08/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 8 22:18:43 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 081718
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 081716

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1116 AM CST Sat Feb 08 2025

    Valid 091200Z - 101200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    There is minimal risk for thunderstorms on Sunday.

    ...Synopsis...

    Quasi-zonal deep-layer flow will overspread much of the CONUS east
    of the Divide on Sunday. At the surface, high pressure will build
    over the Midwest. Meanwhile, a cold front will sag southward across
    the Southeast/Gulf coast vicinity. While modest moisture will be in
    place ahead of the front, weak lapse rates and drying aloft will
    limit instability. Furthermore, large-scale ascent will be nebulous
    while deep-layer flow remains parallel to the boundary. As such,
    limited opportunity for thunderstorm activity is expected.

    ..Leitman.. 02/08/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Feb 9 11:36:44 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 090636
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 090635

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1235 AM CST Sun Feb 09 2025

    Valid 101200Z - 111200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible from the Edwards Plateau into
    central and northeast Texas late Monday night. Severe weather
    potential is low.

    ...Synopsis...
    Zonal flow east of the Divide will generally shift eastward Monday.
    A low-amplitude shortwave trough will lift northeastward through
    northern Mexico into West/Central Texas by Tuesday morning. At the
    surface, a cold front initially near the Gulf Coast will likely move
    slowly northward in response to the approaching trough. Modest
    mid-level ascent and weak low-level warm advection will occur late
    in the period from the Edwards Plateau into northeast Texas. As
    scattered showers develop overnight Monday, a few embedded
    thunderstorms may occur given the weak elevated buoyancy present.
    Though shear will be strong, the poor thermodynamic environment will
    keep potential for severe weather quite low.

    ..Wendt.. 02/09/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Feb 9 22:02:31 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 091702
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 091700

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1100 AM CST Sun Feb 09 2025

    Valid 101200Z - 111200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible from central Texas to southeast
    Oklahoma Monday night/early Tuesday.

    ...Southern Plains...

    Quasi-zonal upper flow will overspread much of the CONUS on Monday.
    As an upper trough develops slowly east across the Southwest and
    northern Mexico, deep-layer southwesterly flow will overspread the
    southern Plains. Weak large-scale ascent will overspread the region
    during the nighttime hours, providing some support for convective
    development.

    At the surface, a cold front will linger near the Gulf coast. Some
    northward retreat of this boundary is possible, though forecast
    guidance still varies quite a bit regarding the location of the
    boundary during the last 6-12 hours of the forecast period.
    Regardless, deeper boundary-layer moisture will remain confined to
    the TX coastal Plain. Nevertheless, warm advection atop the boundary
    into central/north TX and the ArkLaTex vicinity is expected. Some
    cooling aloft and steepening lapse rates will support modest
    elevated instability (generally less than 400 J/kg MUCAPE)
    overnight. Isolated thunderstorms will be possible within this warm
    advection regime from near the TX Big Bend to southeast OK Monday
    night/early Tuesday. Severe thunderstorm potential is expected to
    remain low given poor thermodynamics.

    ..Leitman.. 02/09/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 10 11:30:20 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 100630
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 100628

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1228 AM CST Mon Feb 10 2025

    Valid 111200Z - 121200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are possible from the southern
    Plains into the lower Mississippi Valley on Tuesday. Severe weather
    is not currently anticipated.

    ...Synopsis...
    Broad upper-level troughing is expected to evolve over much of the
    West on Tuesday. A shortwave perturbation is expected to eject into
    the southern Plains late Tuesday into Wednesday morning. At the
    surface, a cold front should extend from the southern High Plains
    into central Texas before arcing northeastward along the upper Texas
    Gulf Coast and into the lower Mississippi Valley.

    ...Southern Plains to Lower Mississippi Valley...
    Precipitation is likely to be ongoing early Tuesday morning. Most of
    this activity will be occurring on the cool side of the boundary.
    This should reinforce the front, though some modest northward
    progression of warmer, moist air may occur within the coastal plain
    regions. Potential for surface-based storms south of the boundary in
    southeast Texas/Sabine Valley vicinity appears low as the low-level
    jet will weaken during the morning/afternoon and mid-level ascent
    will be weak. Furthermore, forecast soundings indicate poor lapse
    rates in the column and warm layers that will inhibit updraft
    intensity. Overnight Tuesday into Wednesday morning, additional
    isolated to scattered storms are possible from the Edwards Plateau
    into Central/Northeast Texas as mid-level forcing and 850 mb warm
    advection increases. Again, these storms will be elevated on the
    cool side of the boundary. The strongest of these storms could
    produce small hail. The overall severe threat appears too
    isolated/uncertain for unconditional probabilities.

    ..Wendt.. 02/10/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 10 22:11:27 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 101711
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 101709

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1109 AM CST Mon Feb 10 2025

    Valid 111200Z - 121200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are possible from the southern
    Plains into the lower Mississippi Valley on Tuesday. Severe weather
    is not currently anticipated.

    ...Southern Plains to Lower MS Valley...

    A large-scale upper trough will migrate across the western U.S. on
    Tuesday, becoming oriented over the High Plains and northern Mexico
    by early Wednesday. Enhanced southwesterly flow ahead of this
    feature will overspread the southern Plains to the Lower MS, TN and
    OH Valleys. During the day, several shortwave impulses will migrate
    through southwesterly flow from the southern Plains to the
    Mid-South, while stronger large-scale ascent tied to the main upper
    trough will emerge over OK/TX to the ArkLaTex early Wednesday.

    Forecast guidance continues to vary with position/evolution of a
    surface boundary located over the TX/LA coastal plain during the
    morning. The ECMWF continues to be somewhat of an outlier,
    maintaining a more northward position of this boundary compared to
    other guidance. This does introduce some uncertainty with regards to
    severe potential. However, the current expectation is that even if a
    more northerly surface boundary position occurs, several other
    factors will act to limit severe thunderstorm probabilities.

    While warm advection through the period will result in scattered
    thunderstorms from Tuesday morning into Wednesday morning from the
    southern Plains to the Lower MS Valley, large-scale ascent will be
    focused somewhat to the north of better low-level moisture near the
    Coastal Plain. Additionally, convection will largely remain to the
    cool side of the boundary given boundary-parallel deep-layer flow
    and a lack of stronger surface cyclogenesis. This should limit
    convective potential ahead of the front in the open warm sector.
    Forecast soundings also indicate warm layers aloft, and overall
    modest lapse rates, resulting in mostly weak elevated instability
    unfavorable for stronger updrafts despite moderate to strong
    vertical shear.

    Overnight, as stronger large-scale ascent moves into the southern
    Plains with the main upper trough, additional elevated thunderstorms
    are likely to develop across parts of central TX eastward toward the
    Sabine Valley. Cooling aloft will aid in steeper midlevel lapse
    rates and increasing MUCAPE. This activity may conditionally pose a
    risk for hail to near 1 inch diameter in the last 3-6 hours of the
    forecast period. Overall potential appears too limited/uncertain to
    include a Marginal risk at this time.

    ..Leitman.. 02/10/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Feb 11 11:39:59 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 110639
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 110638

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1238 AM CST Tue Feb 11 2025

    Valid 121200Z - 131200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM PARTS OF
    EASTERN LOUISIANA INTO CENTRAL/SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI AND PARTS OF WESTERN/CENTRAL ALABAMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms will be possible Wednesday afternoon into Wednesday
    night from the Sabine Valley vicinity into far western Georgia.

    ...Synopsis...
    A shortwave trough pivoting through the southern High Plains will
    begin to intensify by Wednesday afternoon as it approaches the
    mid-Mississippi Valley. A surface cyclone will evolve along a
    southward-surging cold front in the southern Plains. The surface low
    will deepen more substantially by late afternoon in the
    mid-Mississippi Valley as it moves quickly north and east. Richer
    Gulf moisture will return into the Southeast and may reach as far
    north as portions of Tennessee. The cold front will sweep through
    the Southeast beginning in the late afternoon and into Thursday
    morning.

    ...Lower MS Valley/Central Gulf Coast States...
    Warm advection precipitation will likely be ongoing along the
    surface boundary Wednesday morning. Models vary on the spatial
    extent of precipitation with the ECMWF generally showing less
    clearing during the afternoon than other models. Available CAM
    guidance also shows similar variability. In terms of environment,
    low/mid 60s F dewpoints should reach through much of
    Alabama/Mississippi. Upper 60s F dewpoints are expected in southern Louisiana/Mississippi/Alabama, but could potentially push as far
    north as central Mississippi/Alabama as strong advection continues
    into the evening. Effective shear of 50-60 kts will favor organized storms/bowing segments. This shear will initially be roughly
    parallel to the front, but, as the front surges southeast, shear
    vectors will have a greater cross-boundary component. Strong
    low-level shear will also be in place with a 45-55 kt low-level jet
    moving from Louisiana during the morning into Mississippi/Alabama
    during the afternoon.

    The current expectation is for morning storms near the Sabine Valley
    to gradually intensify as they move northeast into a modestly
    destabilizing boundary-layer. How these storms evolve is uncertain.
    Damaging winds are a likely hazard, but, depending on storm mode and
    the degree of heating in Mississippi, could also pose a similar risk
    for tornadoes. Storms along the front are not likely to make much
    progress southeastward until the late afternoon. As the front moves,
    convective transport of the strong wind fields will promote damaging
    winds and strong low-level shear will bring a risk for embedded circulations/QLCS tornadoes. Discrete development ahead of the front
    during the evening is possible given strong theta-e advection and
    weak capping, but synoptic ascent will be displaced north which
    reduces confidence in that scenario. Surface-based storms become
    much less likely into Tennessee and Georgia.

    ..Wendt.. 02/11/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Feb 11 22:34:35 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 111734
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 111732

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1132 AM CST Tue Feb 11 2025

    Valid 121200Z - 131200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS MUCH OF THE SOUTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms will be possible Wednesday afternoon into Wednesday
    night from the Sabine Valley vicinity into far western Georgia.

    ...Synopsis...
    A broad trough with multiple embedded mid-level vorticity maxima
    will become more consolidated with a 125 knot mid-level jet streak
    over the Lower Ohio River Valley by 12Z Thursday. At the surface, a
    weak low will move along a frontal zone from West Texas to the Ohio
    Valley and then deepen into the eastern Great Lakes between 06Z and
    12Z Thursday. A broad warm sector will be in place along the Gulf
    Coast states and will attempt to progress inland, but extensive
    precipitation within a warm air advection zone from northern
    Louisiana to northern Georgia will stunt its northward progress.

    ...Southeast...
    There is a consistent signal among 12Z CAM guidance for a line of
    storms to either develop south of or emanate from an expansive area
    of precipitation across Louisiana tomorrow morning. There will be a
    period of time during the afternoon when this line of storms may
    have sufficient instability (amid a strongly sheared environment) to
    support a damaging wind threat and tornado threat, particularly with
    any embedded supercells). However, by late afternoon/evening this
    line of storms will weaken as it moves east of the better
    instability.

    An additional severe weather threat will evolve from the late
    afternoon into the overnight hours as the surface front surges
    southeast and the low-level jet strengthens. This threat will begin
    across eastern Louisiana. Earlier in the afternoon, winds will be
    veered across this region, but as the front sharpens and the
    low-level jet strengthens, winds are expected to back somewhat which
    will increase low-level convergence along the front and strengthen
    low-level shear. The southeastward acceleration of the surface front
    may eventually outrun the line of storms given the mean storm motion
    vector, however, 12Z guidance has indicated a greater threat for a
    pre-frontal band of supercells after 06Z across southern Alabama and
    the western Florida Panhandle. This scenario seems reasonable given
    the stronger low-level jet forecast between 06Z and 12Z and also
    based on current (17Z) surface observations showing dewpoints 2 to 3
    F greater than most guidance today. A pre-frontal band of supercells
    would continue the severe weather threat, including the tornado
    threat, through the entire overnight period. The slight risk has
    been expanded south and east to address this concern.

    ..Bentley.. 02/11/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Feb 12 11:38:18 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 120638
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 120636

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1236 AM CST Wed Feb 12 2025

    Valid 131200Z - 141200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PORTIONS OF
    THE FLORIDA PANHANDLE...SOUTHEAST ALABAMA...SOUTHWEST GEORGIA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated, marginally severe storms are possible early Thursday
    morning in parts of the Florida Panhandle, southeast Alabama, and
    southwest Georgia. Damaging winds and brief tornado or two are the
    primary threats.

    ...Synopsis...
    A potent upper-level trough and associated strong jet streak will
    move through the Ohio Valley and into the Mid-Atlantic/New England
    through the day on Thursday. Strong flow will extend southward into
    the Southeast and North Florida. In California, a strong upper
    trough will impact the northern/central coast late in the period. A
    cold front is forecast to be near the Alabama/Georgia border in the
    morning and move eastward and offshore by the afternoon.

    A few thunderstorms may occur in the southern Appalachians/Piedmont
    before weakening as they encounter less stable air to the east.
    Additional isolated thunderstorms are possible in portions of
    northern/central California as strong forcing and cold temperatures
    aloft move inland. Severe weather is not expected in either area.

    ...Florida Panhandle and adjacent Alabama/Georgia...
    A line of convection is expected to be ongoing Thursday morning from
    the Florida Panhandle into southeast Alabama and southwest Georgia.
    Waning instability should generally limit the overall strength of
    the line and low-level wind fields will be weakening with time as
    well. However, at least a few hours of strong to marginally severe
    storms are possible. Isolated damaging winds and a brief tornado or
    two are the expected hazards. There is some uncertainty as to where
    the line of convection will be. The current probabilities attempt to
    capture the envelope of model solutions. Adjustments will likely
    occur as confidence increases in placement.

    ..Wendt.. 02/12/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Feb 12 22:10:15 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 121706
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 121705

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1105 AM CST Wed Feb 12 2025

    Valid 131200Z - 141200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE FLORIDA PANHANDLE...SOUTHEAST ALABAMA...AND SOUTHERN
    GEORGIA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated, marginally severe storms are possible early Thursday
    morning in parts of the Florida Panhandle, southeast Alabama, and
    southern Georgia. Damaging winds and brief tornado or two are the
    primary threats.

    ...Synopsis...
    A strong mid-level trough and associated surface low will
    amplify/deepen across the northeast Thursday morning with a trailing
    cold front extending southward along the Appalachians and into
    southeast Alabama and the Florida Panhandle. This front will move
    off the Atlantic Coast by Thursday evening with high pressure
    building in across much of the eastern CONUS in its wake. Meanwhile,
    a strong surface low will approach the northern California/southwest
    Oregon Coast during the day Thursday.

    ...Southeast...
    A line of thunderstorms will be ongoing at the beginning of the
    period from central Georgia and perhaps into South Carolina and
    southern North Carolina to the Florida Peninsula. By 12Z the
    greatest severe weather threat will likely be focused across
    southern Georgia where mid-60s dewpoints are forecast. A strong (50
    knot) low-level jet is forecast to be in place at 12Z, but will
    weaken through the morning as the primary surface low quickly moves
    farther away to the northeast. During this period in the morning
    with a strong low-level jet and ample instability, a threat for
    damaging wind gusts and perhaps a tornado or two will remain. This
    front is expected to move offshore by mid afternoon and thunderstorm
    intensity will likely have likely waned by this time due to the
    weakening forcing.

    ...Northern California...
    A strong surface low of the northern California coast will result in
    favorable shear across much of central and northern California
    tomorrow. Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are possible across
    much of this region with weak instability present. If any pockets of
    greater (250-500 J/kg) MLCAPE can develop during the day Thursday
    when shear remains strong, a damaging wind gust or tornado is
    possible. However, at this time forecast soundings show the greater
    instability arriving beneath the upper-level low when shear will
    also be reduced. Therefore, given the lack of overlap between
    greater instability and shear, no Marginal Risk was added at this
    time.

    ..Bentley.. 02/12/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 13 11:25:19 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 130625
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 130623

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1223 AM CST Thu Feb 13 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible from the Sabine Valley into the Ozarks
    and Mid-South on Friday. Additional isolated storms are possible in
    the southern Great Basin/Four Corners vicinity. Severe weather is
    not currently expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A strong upper-level trough will move eastward through the Great
    Basin and reach the Southwest by early Saturday morning. At the
    surface, a lee cyclone will develop in eastern Colorado and evolve southeastward into the southern Plains. A cold front will move into
    the southern Plains and extent northeastward into the Upper Midwest.
    Moisture will begin to rapidly return Friday afternoon into the
    lower Mississippi Valley and parts of East Texas.

    ...Sabine Valley/Ozarks/Mid-South...
    As the upper trough approaches and warm advection intensifies during
    the evening/overnight Friday, a few storms may develop from the
    ArkLaTex into the Ozarks. Additional storm development is likely to
    occur later farther east in the Mid-South. The thermodynamic
    environment is expected to limit severe potential in the Mid-South.
    Within the ArkLaTex/Ozarks, current guidance suggests scattered
    storms are probable. The environment here will have strong shear,
    but will only have modest mid-level lapse rates/buoyancy. Given the
    marginal thermodynamics in addition to storm interactions, the
    coverage of marginally severe hail is expected to be quite limited.
    Small hail appears more probable in the strongest storms. Farther
    south, low-level moisture will be greater, but warm air aloft
    currently appears that it will suppress any deep convection.

    ...Southern Great Basin/Four Corners...
    Modest surface heating with 500 mb temperatures around -25 C will
    promote isolated convection capable of sporadic lightning. Buoyancy
    will be minimal and severe weather is not likely.

    ..Wendt.. 02/13/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 13 22:23:31 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 131723
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 131722

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    Issued by 15th OWS Scott Air Force Base IL
    1122 AM CST Thu Feb 13 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible from the Sabine Valley into the Ozarks
    and Mid-South on Friday. Additional isolated storms are possible in
    the southern Great Basin/Four Corners vicinity. Severe weather is
    not currently expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A strong upper-level trough will move eastward through the Great
    Basin and reach the Southwest by early Saturday morning. At the
    surface, a lee cyclone will develop in eastern Colorado and evolve southeastward into the southern Plains. A cold front will move into
    the southern Plains and extent northeastward into the Upper Midwest.
    Moisture will begin to rapidly return Friday afternoon into the
    lower Mississippi Valley and parts of East Texas.

    ...Sabine Valley/Ozarks/Mid-South...
    As the upper trough approaches and warm advection intensifies during
    the evening/overnight Friday, a few storms may develop from the
    ArkLaTex into the Ozarks. Additional storm development is likely to
    occur later farther east in the Mid-South. The thermodynamic
    environment is expected to limit severe potential in the Mid-South.
    Within the ArkLaTex/Ozarks, current guidance suggests scattered
    storms are probable. The environment here will have strong shear,
    but will only have modest mid-level lapse rates/buoyancy. Given the
    marginal thermodynamics in addition to storm interactions, the
    coverage of marginally severe hail is expected to be quite limited.
    Small hail appears more probable in the strongest storms. Farther
    south, low-level moisture will be greater, but warm air aloft
    currently appears that it will suppress any deep convection.

    ...Southern Great Basin/Four Corners...
    Modest surface heating with 500 mb temperatures around -25 C will
    promote isolated convection capable of sporadic lightning. Buoyancy
    will be minimal and severe weather is not likely.

    ..15_ows.. 02/13/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 13 22:48:26 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 131748
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 131722

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    Issued by 15th OWS Scott Air Force Base IL
    1122 AM CST Thu Feb 13 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible from the Sabine Valley into the Ozarks
    and Mid-South on Friday. Additional isolated storms are possible in
    the southern Great Basin/Four Corners vicinity. Severe weather is
    not currently expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A strong upper-level trough will move eastward through the Great
    Basin and reach the Southwest by early Saturday morning. At the
    surface, a lee cyclone will develop in eastern Colorado and evolve southeastward into the southern Plains. A cold front will move into
    the southern Plains and extent northeastward into the Upper Midwest.
    Moisture will begin to rapidly return Friday afternoon into the
    lower Mississippi Valley and parts of East Texas.

    ...Sabine Valley/Ozarks/Mid-South...
    As the upper trough approaches and warm advection intensifies during
    the evening/overnight Friday, a few storms may develop from the
    ArkLaTex into the Ozarks. Additional storm development is likely to
    occur later farther east in the Mid-South. The thermodynamic
    environment is expected to limit severe potential in the Mid-South.
    Within the ArkLaTex/Ozarks, current guidance suggests scattered
    storms are probable. The environment here will have strong shear,
    but will only have modest mid-level lapse rates/buoyancy. Given the
    marginal thermodynamics in addition to storm interactions, the
    coverage of marginally severe hail is expected to be quite limited.
    Small hail appears more probable in the strongest storms. Farther
    south, low-level moisture will be greater, but warm air aloft
    currently appears that it will suppress any deep convection.

    ...Southern Great Basin/Four Corners...
    Modest surface heating with 500 mb temperatures around -25 C will
    promote isolated convection capable of sporadic lightning. Buoyancy
    will be minimal and severe weather is not likely.

    ..15_ows.. 02/13/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Feb 14 11:52:27 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 140652
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 140650

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1250 AM CST Fri Feb 14 2025

    Valid 151200Z - 161200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS EXTREME
    EAST TEXAS...NORTHERN LOUISIANA...SOUTHEAST ARKANSAS...SOUTHWEST TENNESSEE...MUCH OF MISSISSIPPI...AND WEST-CENTRAL ALABAMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe weather is expected from East Texas into much of the
    Southeast and parts of the Mid-South on Saturday. Scattered to
    numerous damaging wind gusts and a few tornadoes are the primary
    threats. Storms are expected from late afternoon through the
    overnight hours.

    ...Mid-South and Southeast...

    An upper trough will migrate east across the Plains to the MS Valley
    on Saturday. Strong southwesterly deep-layer flow, characterized by
    a 500 mb jet streak around 80-100 kt, will overspread the region,
    mainly near/after 00z. As stronger height falls approach the
    ArkLaTex and MS Valley, a low-level jet greater than 50 kt will
    develop from LA into TN/KY. Meanwhile at the surface, southerly
    low-level flow will allow 60s F dewpoints to march northward,
    reaching as far north as western TN. Boundary-layer moisture into
    the mid-60s F is expected to remain south of the MS/TN border.

    A surface low is expected to deepen during the afternoon into the
    nighttime hours as it tracks from AR to OH. A cold front attendant
    to the low will sweep east/southeast from late afternoon into early
    Sunday. Warm advection across this boundary will result in
    widespread showers and isolated thunderstorms from east TX into the
    Lower OH Valley for much of the day. This will limit the northward
    extent of the advancing warm sector, with a warm front expected to
    stall across TN into northern GA. Large-scale ascent is not expected
    to overspread the region until evening, so open warm sector
    convection likely will remain limited diurnally.

    By late afternoon, more robust convection is expected to develop
    along the sharpening cold front from eastern AR into east TX/western
    LA within a plume of 1000-1500 J/kg MLCAPE and strong vertical
    shear. A QLCS producing a swath of damaging gusts is likely to move
    across the region through the overnight hours. Favorable low-level
    shear, characterized by enlarged, looping hodographs suggests
    tornadoes also will be possible with mesovortex formation along the
    line, in addition to any line-embedded supercells. A more
    conditional threat exists with any supercells that can develop ahead
    of the line in the open warm sector, something that remains
    uncertain at this time. Any cells that do develop ahead of the line
    will pose a risk for tornadoes and damaging gusts, and could also
    pose a risk for increasing tornado potential as they interact with
    the QLCS.

    The north and east extent of the severe risk areas remains a bit
    uncertain, in part due to cold air damming into the southern
    Appalachians and how much this is able to erode. A general decrease
    in boundary-layer moisture and instability is expected with
    northeast extent during the overnight hours. However, the expected
    intense deep-layer wind field will likely maintain some damaging
    wind and tornado risk into AL and perhaps parts of western GA.

    ..Leitman.. 02/14/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Feb 14 22:21:35 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 141721
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 141720

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1120 AM CST Fri Feb 14 2025

    Valid 151200Z - 161200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS NORTHERN LOUISIANA...SOUTHEAST ARKANSAS...MUCH OF MISSISSIPPI...FAR SOUTHWEST TENNESSEE...AND WEST-CENTRAL ALABAMA....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe weather is expected from East Texas into much of the
    Southeast and parts of the Mid-South on Saturday. Scattered to
    numerous damaging wind gusts and a few tornadoes are the primary
    threats. Storms are expected from late afternoon through the
    overnight hours.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will traverse from the Southwest Saturday morning
    to the Mid-Mississippi Valley by 12Z Sunday. As this trough becomes
    negatively tilted after 00Z, the surface low will rapidly deepen by
    10+ mb as it moves from central Arkansas to northeast Ohio. A cold
    front will extend southwest from this surface low and sharpen
    through the evening before advancing east during the late evening
    and into the overnight hours.

    ...Mid-South and Southeast...
    An expansive region of strengthening low-level flow will advance a
    broad warm sector northward across the Gulf Coast states Saturday
    morning. North of this warm front within a 50 knot low-level jet,
    elevated thunderstorms are expected. Weak instability and shear
    should result in mostly sub-severe storms, but isolated large hail
    may be possible. Expect persistent thunderstorm activity along the
    diffuse cold front from far East Texas to the Mid-Mississippi Valley
    through the morning to early afternoon with mostly sub-severe
    storms. However, richer theta-e will interact with the frontal zone
    by mid-to-late afternoon which should result in deeper, more robust
    updrafts. In addition, stronger mid-level flow will start to
    overspread the warm sector, promoting stronger deep-layer shear.
    Supercells are anticipated from southeast Arkansas to southwest
    Tennessee by this time with a threat for all severe weather hazards
    including the potential for a few strong (EF2+) tornadoes. However,
    this window of more discrete storm mode will likely be fairly
    limited as the cold front starts to surge east around 00Z and a
    squall line develops. The environment ahead of this squall line will
    remain favorable for severe wind gusts and QLCS tornadoes through
    the evening. Eventually this squall line will encounter weaker
    instability across central/eastern Tennessee and Alabama and the
    severe weather threat will likely start to wane.

    One exception may be across far southeast Mississippi, southern
    Alabama, and into the Florida Panhandle. After 06Z, some influence
    of the approaching mid-level vorticity maximum could result in more
    robust convection across this region where greater instability will
    remain. The low-level jet is also forecast to strengthen across the
    region during this timeframe with STP values peaking perhaps around
    2 to 3. 12Z CAM guidance suggests the potential for some pre-frontal development late in the period, but they are not overly strong at
    this time. If more robust pre-frontal storms become likely, in
    addition to the QLCS threat associated with the squall line, greater
    tornado probabilities could be needed across this area.

    ..Bentley.. 02/14/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 15 11:32:11 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 150631
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 150630

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1230 AM CST Sat Feb 15 2025

    Valid 161200Z - 171200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE SOUTHEAST AND MID-ATLANTIC...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong wind gusts are possible on Sunday, mainly from late
    morning through the afternoon, across portions of the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic.

    ...Southeast to the Mid-Atlantic...

    Convection will be ongoing Sunday morning ahead of an
    eastward-advancing cold front from the FL Panhandle to the western
    Carolinas. This line of storms could produce strong gusts and
    perhaps a tornado across the FL Panhandle/north FL into southern GA
    where mid-60s F dewpoints are forecast amid strong vertical shear.
    However, large-scale ascent associated with an upper trough shifting
    east across the eastern U.S. will gradually become displaced to the
    north with time. Nevertheless, isolated severe potential is expected
    until the front moves offshore the GA coast by 21z.

    Further north into the Carolinas and portions of Delmarva vicinity,
    severe potential is somewhat more uncertain. Boundary-layer moisture
    will remain more limited (upper 50s to low 60s F) and instability
    will be quite weak due to poor lapse rates. However, strong
    large-scale ascent, frontal forcing, and intense south/southwesterly
    flow from around 925mb upward, will likely lend some support to
    strong gusts, even with weak convection that may produce little
    lightning. While poor thermodynamics may limit a more robust severe thunderstorm scenario, will maintain a Marginal risk given intense
    background flow fields. Severe thunderstorm potential should end by
    21-00z as the cold front pushes offshore.

    ..Leitman.. 02/15/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 15 22:25:42 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 151725
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 151724

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1124 AM CST Sat Feb 15 2025

    Valid 161200Z - 171200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS SOUTHERN GEORGIA...NORTHERN FLORIDA...AND THE EASTERN HALF OF THE FLORIDA
    PANHANDLE...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Locally strong wind gusts are possible Sunday morning, particularly
    across portions of the Southeast but possibly as far north as the
    Mid-Atlantic region.

    ...Synopsis...
    A vigorous/fast-moving short-wave trough -- embedded in broader
    cyclonic flow aloft -- will move quickly eastward across the eastern
    quarter of the U.S. Sunday. As this feature reaches the Atlantic
    Coast/New England by evening, lower-amplitude/westerly flow will
    evolve across much of the rest of the country.

    At the surface, sharp cold front should extend from an eastern Ohio
    low, southward roughly along the Appalachians to the Florida
    Panhandle. This front will move steadily eastward/southeastward,
    and should clear the Middle and Southern Atlantic Coast during the
    afternoon. During the evening and overnight, the occluding/parent
    low is forecast to shift across New England, while the trailing
    front moves eastward across the western Atlantic and southward
    across the Florida Peninsula and Gulf of America through Sunday
    morning. In the wake of this front, Arctic air will gradually
    spread southeastward across the Plains/Midwest, and eventually the
    Northeast.

    ...Southeastern U.S. to the Mid-Atlantic region...
    A band of showers and embedded thunderstorms will be ongoing at the
    start of the period near the advancing cold front. The greatest
    coverage of lightning is expected from the southern Appalachians to
    the Florida Gulf Coast, where a well-organized squall line should be
    ongoing from central Georgia to the Florida Panhandle. Modest CAPE
    across this part of the area will support deeper updrafts, and thus
    greater potential for some downward transport of high-momentum flow
    aloft. Risk for subsequent strong-to-severe gusts at the surface
    appears sufficient to warrant an upgrade to SLGT risk across
    southern Georgia, northern Florida, and central and eastern parts of
    the Florida Panhandle. Storms should reach/clear the South Carolina
    and Georgia coasts around midday, ending the risk over all but
    northern Florida, where wind risk should gradually diminish as
    weakening convection shifts southward through the afternoon.

    Farther north, weaker instability will limit convective
    intensity/depth, with lightning expected to be generally more
    isolated/sporadic with northward extent. Still, with very strong
    flow aloft preceding the upper trough, stronger, fast-moving
    convective elements may still produce gusty winds, and thus
    potential for minor damage locally as far north as the
    Chesapeake/Delmarva area until the primary band of storms moves
    offshore through mid afternoon.

    ..Goss.. 02/15/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Feb 16 22:11:50 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 161711
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 161710

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1110 AM CST Sun Feb 16 2025

    Valid 171200Z - 181200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms may occur over parts of southern Florida and the
    Keys on Monday.

    ...Synopsis...
    As upper short-wave troughing departs the Northeast Monday, briefly zonal/westerly flow aloft will prevail. Later in the period,
    however, gradual amplification of the flow field will begin over the
    West, as a short-wave trough digs southeastward out of the Pacific
    Northwest across the Great Basin toward the Four Corners region.

    At the surface, a cold front moving eastward across the western
    Atlantic will trail southwestward into southern Florida early in the
    period. Meanwhile, a broad area of lee-side low pressure will
    prevail over the central/southern High Plains, as strong westerlies
    aloft persist ahead of the gradually amplifying western trough. A
    resulting, broad zone of low-level warm advection will remain across
    the central and southern Plains region through the period.

    ...South Florida and the Keys...
    As the trailing portion of the cold front drifts slowly southward
    across southern Florida and the Florida Keys through the first half
    of the period, showers and isolated thunderstorms appear likely.
    The convection should shift southward with time in tandem with the
    progression of the front, with any lingering lightning overnight
    likely to have moved south of the Florida mainland.

    ...Elsewhere...
    Showers -- and a few sporadic lightning flashes -- are expected to
    occur with a diurnally driven peak in activity, from the Pacific
    Northwest east-southeastward into the Wyoming/Colorado vicinity, in
    tandem with progression of the short-wave trough. Any lightning
    activity should remain sparse, thus precluding the need for a 10%
    thunder area.

    ..Goss.. 02/16/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 17 11:49:30 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 170649
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 170647

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1247 AM CST Mon Feb 17 2025

    Valid 181200Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS SOUTHEAST
    TEXAS AND SOUTHERN LOUISIANA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A couple of strong to severe thunderstorms are expected to evolve
    across southeast Texas and portions of southern Louisiana, mainly
    Tuesday evening and into the overnight hours.

    ...Upper TX Coast and Southern LA...

    An upper shortwave trough will move across the Plains to the MS
    Valley on Tuesday. This will bring a swath of enhanced
    mid/upper-level southwesterly flow across the south-central states.
    At the surface, a weak low will traverse the western Gulf Coast
    vicinity to southern MS through the period. Meanwhile, an Arctic
    cold front will surge south/southeast across the region mainly after
    00z and into Wednesday morning.

    Ahead of the cold front, southerly near-surface flow and a
    strengthening southwesterly low-level jet will transport 60s F
    dewpoints northward. However, the northward extent of deeper
    moisture return will be limited to near the I-10 corridor. A cool boundary-layer beneath a warm layer between 925-850 mb will result
    in little surface-based instability. Additionally, nebulous
    large-scale ascent will preclude convective development until near
    00z when the upper trough impinges on the area. Cooling aloft and
    modestly steep midlevel lapse rates amid moistening low/midlevels
    will support MUCAPE values up to around 1000 J/kg. Vertical shear
    will be favorable for organized convection, with elongated/straight
    hodographs forecast above the aforementioned warm layer. While the
    warm sector will be rather limited, and the cold front will quickly
    surge southeast after dark, a few stronger elevated storms will be
    possible. This activity will mainly pose a risk for marginally
    severe hail.

    There is some conditional potential toward the end of the period for near-surface based convection across parts of southern LA. However,
    this is conditional on the northward extent of the warm sector,
    which remains uncertain as the surface low is forecast to track very
    near the coast. If near-surface based storms can develop, some
    potential for strong gusts and a tornado or two will accompany
    storms given very favorable low-level SRH and large/curved low-level hodographs. Will include low tornado probabilities to encompass this
    scenario, though this outcome remains uncertain.

    ..Leitman.. 02/17/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 17 22:28:30 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 171728
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 171727

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1127 AM CST Mon Feb 17 2025

    Valid 181200Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM PORTIONS OF SOUTHEASTERN TEXAS EASTWARD ACROSS SOUTHERN LOUISIANA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A couple of strong to severe thunderstorms are expected to evolve
    across southeast Texas and portions of southern Louisiana, mainly
    Tuesday evening and into the overnight hours.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-/upper-level short-wave trough will continue digging
    southeastward across the Four Corners states during the day Tuesday,
    before arcing more eastward into the across the southern Plains
    overnight.

    As this system advances, weak/gradual surface wave development is
    expected along the primary baroclinic zone across Texas during the
    day. With time, as the wave shifts eastward to the Texas Coastal
    Plain by evening, a southward surge of Arctic air will occur in its
    wake. Overnight, this wave should continue eastward roughly along
    the western Gulf Coast, reaching the vicinity of the mouth of the
    Mississippi by 12Z Wednesday. By this time, the trailing cold front
    will likely have reached the western Gulf, with cold air penetrating
    south of the Rio Grande into northern Mexico.

    ...Southeastern Texas eastward across southern Louisiana...
    A broad zone of low-level theta-e advection is expected across all
    but western portions of the southern Plains at the start of the
    period, shifting gradually eastward across the Sabine and Lower
    Mississippi Valleys, and reaching central Gulf Coast and eventually
    the Southeast states overnight.

    As the relatively warm/moist air spreads northward atop a
    still-cool/stable boundary layer, elevated convection is forecast to
    gradually increase/expand across the eastern half of the southern
    Plains and into Arkansas/Louisiana through the day. By late
    afternoon/early evening, some convection will likely have deepened
    sufficiently to produce some lightning, with thunderstorm coverage
    then increasing and spreading eastward through the overnight hours
    in tandem with the advance of the aforementioned surface wave.

    With convection largely remaining elevated, severe potential will
    likely be relegated to marginal hail with a few of the strongest
    storms, largely evolving after sunset. Potential for
    near-surface-based storms will remain confined to southern portions
    of the MRGL risk area, where gusty winds may occur with one or two
    of the strongest storms. Any risk for a tornado will remain even
    more limited -- confined to coastal areas of southern Louisiana, and
    most likely after midnight.

    ..Goss.. 02/17/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Feb 18 11:24:35 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 180624
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 180622

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1222 AM CST Tue Feb 18 2025

    Valid 191200Z - 201200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible across portions of the Southeast
    on Wednesday, but severe storms are not expected.

    ...Synopsis...

    A weak surface low is forecast to be near far southeast LA at the
    beginning of the forecast period, with a trailing Arctic cold front
    extending southwest into the western Gulf. Isolated thunderstorms
    will likely be ongoing from southeast LA eastward along the central
    Gulf coast vicinity during the morning. Stronger convection will
    remain over the warmer Gulf waters as the cold front develops
    east/southeast through the day. Poor lapse rates and modest
    boundary-layer moisture ahead of the cold front will preclude much destabilization over land. A couple of thunderstorms may develop
    over the FL Peninsula during the late afternoon/early evening, but
    severe thunderstorms are not expected given the expected poor
    thermodynamic environment.

    ..Leitman.. 02/18/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Feb 18 22:31:08 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 181731
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 181729

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1129 AM CST Tue Feb 18 2025

    Valid 191200Z - 201200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible across portions of the coastal
    Southeast and Florida Peninsula on Wednesday, but organized severe
    storms are not currently expected.

    ...Coastal Southeast/Florida...
    The region will be glancingly influenced by cyclonic flow aloft and
    a lead low-amplitude shortwave trough spreading eastward toward the Appalachians and Carolinas. Semi-organized linear convection will
    likely be ongoing Wednesday morning near/ahead of a surface low and
    cold front near the middle Gulf Coast, with this convection/front
    expected to have shifted offshore by 12z Wednesday.

    This convection will probably generally persist east-southeastward
    during the day over the open waters of the northern/eastern Gulf.
    There is the possibility that some of this convection will reach and
    move inland across the west-central Florida, including the general
    Tampa Bay vicinity, during the afternoon. Cloud cover/poor lapse
    rates should tend to hinder destabilization inland, but a few
    stronger storms cannot be entirely discounted across the
    west-central Peninsula. The inland severe-weather potential
    currently appears sufficiently low to preclude wind/tornado
    probabilities, but this will be reevaluated into the Day 1 time
    frame.

    ..Guyer.. 02/18/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Feb 19 11:17:39 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 190617
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 190615

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1215 AM CST Wed Feb 19 2025

    Valid 201200Z - 211200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are not expected on Thursday.

    ...Synopsis...

    Strong surface high pressure and a cold, Arctic airmass will settle
    over much of the CONUS on Thursday. Stable conditions and a dearth
    of boundary-layer moisture behind a cold frontal passage deep into
    the Gulf and offshore the Atlantic coast will preclude thunderstorm
    activity.

    ..Leitman.. 02/19/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Feb 19 22:10:40 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 191710
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 191708

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1108 AM CST Wed Feb 19 2025

    Valid 201200Z - 211200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are not expected on Thursday.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper low will shift east across the OH Valley, with an intense
    upper jet sweeping across the Southeast. As this trough exits the
    East Coast into Friday morning, a weaker wave will progress out of
    the Great Basin into the Four Corners states.

    At the surface, a sprawling area of high pressure will exist over
    the central and eastern CONUS, providing strong offshore flow over
    the Gulf and Atlantic Coasts. Weak instability over far southern FL
    will quickly dissipate as dry air spreads south, and as such
    thunderstorms are not forecast.

    ..Jewell.. 02/19/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 20 11:22:13 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 200622
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 200620

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1220 AM CST Thu Feb 20 2025

    Valid 211200Z - 221200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are not expected on Friday.

    ...Synopsis...

    Surface high pressure will envelop much of the CONUS on Friday. A
    prior cold frontal passage into the Gulf, and subsequent intrusion
    of Arctic air over much of the country, will result in cold, dry and
    stable conditions. As such, thunderstorm potential is not expected
    on Friday.

    ..Leitman.. 02/20/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 20 21:51:13 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 201650
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 201648

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1048 AM CST Thu Feb 20 2025

    Valid 211200Z - 221200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are not expected on Friday.

    ...Synopsis...
    High pressure over much of the CONUS will continue to provide stable
    conditions in terms of thunderstorm potential. Winds along the Gulf
    Coast will gradually veer to easterly as the centroid of the primary
    high moves across the lower MO and OH Valley, with a moist plume
    approaching the south TX Coast by early Saturday. Despite some
    theta-e advection atop the surface stable layer, overall threat of
    elevated thunderstorms appears low given minimal upper support.

    ..Jewell.. 02/20/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Feb 21 11:30:39 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 210630
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 210628

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1228 AM CST Fri Feb 21 2025

    Valid 221200Z - 231200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are possible from the middle and upper Texas
    Coast toward the Sabine Valley Saturday evening into early Sunday.
    At least some risk of hail may eventually develop.

    ...Synopsis...
    Northwest flow with multiple mid-level shortwave troughs will be
    present across the CONUS on Saturday. One of these troughs will
    advance from the Southwest into the southern Plains. Low-level flow
    will strengthen across the western Gulf with increasing moisture and strengthening isentropic ascent.

    ...Southeast Texas and southern Louisiana...
    An increase in convection is expected along the Gulf Coast during
    the day Saturday and particularly into Saturday night. MUCAPE around
    500 J/kg and effective shear around 30-35 knots may result in a few
    stronger storms. CAPE heavily concentrated within the hail growth
    zone and a cool boundary layer will support the potential for some
    hail, but somewhat limited instability may limit the updraft
    acceleration needed for larger (1.00") hail. If greater instability
    appears more likely, a Marginal Risk may eventually be needed from
    southeast Texas and into coastal Louisiana.

    ..Bentley.. 02/21/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Feb 21 22:03:22 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 211702
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 211700

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1100 AM CST Fri Feb 21 2025

    Valid 221200Z - 231200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms remain possible from the middle and upper
    Texas Coast toward the Sabine Valley Saturday evening into early
    Sunday.

    ...Synopsis...
    Surface high pressure and associated static stability will remain in
    place across much of the CONUS tomorrow (Saturday), inhibiting
    thunderstorm development over most locales. One exception will be
    across eastern TX into LA and extreme southwest MS. Here, low-level warm-air/moisture advection will transpire atop a cool surface
    airmass as a mid-level trough ejects into the southern Plains from
    the Southern Rockies tomorrow afternoon/evening. Deep-layer ascent
    will increase through the period, with isolated to scattered
    thunderstorm development likely by late afternoon over Coastal TX,
    spreading north and east into LA with time. Buoyancy will be
    elevated, characterized by a few hundred J/kg MUCAPE constrained
    above 850 mb. While the anticipated large, elongated hodographs
    would promote enough deep-layer shear to support some hail growth in
    the stronger storms, buoyancy currently appears too scant to support
    an organized severe hail risk.

    ..Squitieri.. 02/21/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 22 11:54:48 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 220654
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 220653

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1253 AM CST Sat Feb 22 2025

    Valid 231200Z - 241200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are forecast across portions of southern Louisiana and
    immediate surrounding areas on Sunday. No severe weather is
    expected.

    ...Discussion...
    Elevated thunderstorms will be ongoing across the Gulf at the
    beginning of the period with some lightning activity possible across
    much of southern Louisiana and perhaps parts of Southeast Texas. The
    greater instability, and thus the best chance for marginal severe
    hail, will remain well offshore in the central Gulf. By Sunday
    evening, the surface low and associated surface front will move far
    enough southeast into the central Gulf to bring an end to
    thunderstorm activity by mid to late evening. These thunderstorms
    may approach the Florida coast by late in the period, but are
    expected to arrive after 12Z.

    ..Bentley.. 02/22/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Feb 22 22:13:49 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 221713
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 221712

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1112 AM CST Sat Feb 22 2025

    Valid 231200Z - 241200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are forecast across portions of southern Louisiana and
    immediate surrounding areas on Sunday. Additional isolated
    thunderstorms may occur in portions of coastal Oregon/Washington. No
    severe weather is expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    Cool and stable conditions at the surface will continue to prevail
    across the CONUS on Sunday. A shortwave trough moving southeastward
    through Texas will induce a weak surface low just south of the
    coastal plain regions. Greater moisture/buoyancy are still expected
    to remain offshore, however. Even so, weak elevated instability will
    exist in portions of southeast Texas into the lower Mississippi
    Valley. Scattered convection may produce lightning, particularly
    near the coast. In the Northwest, an initial compact shortwave will
    move ashore during the late afternoon into the evening. While
    lightning production will be minimal, a few stronger elevated storms
    could become deep enough for charge separation along the immediate
    coast.

    ..Wendt.. 02/22/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Feb 23 12:04:24 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 230704
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 230702

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0102 AM CST Sun Feb 23 2025

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms are possible across South Florida and coastal Oregon/Washington on Monday. No severe thunderstorms are expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A positively tilted trough will amplify as it moves from South Texas
    to the Florida Peninsula on Monday. As this occurs, the surface low
    already present over the Gulf will deepen somewhat during the day
    and eventually advance east across the Panhandle and into the
    western Atlantic by 12Z Tuesday. Farther west, a strong mid-level
    jet streak and associated strong surface low will approach the
    Pacific Northwest coast with a cold front advancing inland on Monday evening/Monday night.

    ...South Florida and the Florida Keys...
    A large MCS will likely be ongoing across the eastern Gulf at the
    beginning of the period with a some strong to potentially severe
    thunderstorms ongoing across the open water. However, this MCS will
    weaken as it moves east into lesser instability across and near the
    Florida Peninsula. Some guidance, most notably the 00Z HRRR,
    maintains greater instability across the Keys and far south Florida.
    This could result in an isolated damaging wind gust or even a
    localized tornado threat across south Florida. However, the majority
    of guidance keeps instability well offshore with the strongest
    storms even southwest of the Keys. If a greater instability solution
    does occur across south Florida, a Marginal risk may be needed in
    later outlooks, but the probability of that solution remains too low
    for probabilities at this time.

    ...Northwest...
    A very strong wind field will be present on Monday as a ~985 mb
    surface low moves northeast off the coast. Therefore, some stronger
    wind gusts may be possible with any convection in the region. Weak
    instability depicted by forecast soundings in the area would
    indicate a relatively low threat of convectively induced severe wind
    gusts. However, some convective enhancement of already strong
    synoptic flow may be possible, particularly along the coast.

    ..Bentley.. 02/23/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Feb 23 22:27:46 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 231727
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 231725

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1125 AM CST Sun Feb 23 2025

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms are possible across South Florida and coastal Oregon/Washington on Monday. No severe thunderstorms are expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A strong upper-level shortwave trough will move into the Northwest
    Monday afternoon/evening. A broad upper-level trough in the Gulf
    will sharpen as it approaches South Florida Monday evening. A
    nebulous surface low in the Gulf will accompany the upper trough.
    Diffuse surface boundaries in the eastern Gulf and South Florida
    will be the focus for thunderstorm activity.

    ...South Florida/Keys...
    A cluster of thunderstorms appears likely to be ongoing early Monday
    off the southwestern Florida coast and perhaps near the Keys. This
    activity will likely be east of the surface cold front and driven by
    weak low-level warm advection. Current forecast guidance suggests
    the greatest buoyancy will remain primarily over the Keys. Given the
    stronger southwesterly flow aloft, it is possible a stronger storm
    or two could develop. However, deep-layer shear will be parallel to
    this activity, mid-level height falls will be neutral until late in
    the period, and low-level wind fields will be rather weak. The
    overall potential for even marginally severe storms continues to be
    low. As stronger forcing arrives late, additional activity is
    possible along the surface front in western Florida. However, it is
    not clear if storms would be surface based or if buoyancy would be
    sufficient for a severe threat.

    ...Northwest...
    Strong wind fields will be in place across the region as a surface
    low deepens west of the Olympic Peninsula. A line of at least
    shallow, forced convection will impact portions of coastal
    Washington/Oregon. A few stronger convectively enhanced wind gusts
    are possible among the already strong synoptic flow. These gusts are
    most likely along the immediate coast. Given minimal buoyancy, it
    appears coverage of these convective gusts will be too isolated to
    warrant highlights.

    ..Wendt.. 02/23/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 24 11:26:00 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 240625
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 240624

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1224 AM CST Mon Feb 24 2025

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are not expected across the CONUS on Tuesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level shortwave trough will translate from the Northwest to
    the northern Plains on Tuesday and Tuesday night while another
    mid-level shortwave trough will move from the Great Lakes to the
    Northeast. Instability will be limited in both areas and therefore
    no thunderstorm activity is anticipated. A few thunderstorms may
    develop off the east coast of Florida but should quickly move away
    into the open Atlantic as the mid-level trough and surface low move
    east over the Gulf Stream. No thunderstorms are expected across the
    CONUS on Tuesday.

    ..Bentley.. 02/24/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Feb 24 21:49:46 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 241649
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 241648

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1048 AM CST Mon Feb 24 2025

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are not expected across the CONUS on Tuesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A surface low will be present off the eastern Florida coast. The
    parent upper-level trough will be situated along the Florida
    Peninsula. This overall synoptic setup would suggest most of the
    thunderstorm activity should remain offshore. There is perhaps low
    potential for thunderstorms over land very early Tuesday morning,
    but coverage/confidence are too low for general thunderstorm
    highlights. Elsewhere, upper-level shortwave troughs will progress
    through the Ohio Valley and central Plains. Low/mid-level moisture
    appear too limited in both cases for any appreciable thunderstorm
    risk.

    ..Wendt.. 02/24/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Feb 25 11:52:17 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 250652
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 250650

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1250 AM CST Tue Feb 25 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible from north Texas to the Ohio
    Valley on Wednesday.

    ...Discussion...
    A mid-level trough will amplify as it moves from the Upper Midwest
    into the Lower Great Lakes and Ohio Valley on Wednesday. A surface
    cold front will accompany this trough as it moves south through the
    day. Moisture will be mostly limited, but there may be enough for
    some weak instability from north Texas to the Ohio Valley. As
    isentropic ascent and convergence along the cold front intensify,
    isolated thunderstorms may develop during the afternoon. Any
    thunderstorm activity should be mostly diurnally driven as elevated
    instability will be minimal after sunset.

    ..Bentley.. 02/25/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Feb 25 21:59:44 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 251659
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 251657

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1057 AM CST Tue Feb 25 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible across the Midwest region.

    ...Discussion...
    As a short-wave mid-level trough shifts eastward across the Great
    Lakes/Ohio Valley area with time, associated cold mid-level
    temperatures/steep lapse rates aloft will spread across this region.
    This will result in weak instability -- sufficient for sustenance
    of showers and possibly occasional lightning flashes.

    Elsewhere, thunderstorms are not expected.

    ..Goss.. 02/25/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Feb 26 11:55:55 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 260655
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 260654

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1254 AM CST Wed Feb 26 2025

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are possible across parts of the
    southern Appalachians, Carolinas, and southern Virginia on Thursday.

    ...Discussion...
    A mid-level jet streak across the Upper Midwest at 12Z Thursday will
    move quickly through the western Great Lakes and Ohio Valley and
    amplify the mid-level trough approaching the eastern CONUS. As this
    trough sharpens and the surface front becomes more defined, some
    weak instability is forecast to develop ahead of this surface front
    as temperatures warm into the 60s with dewpoints approaching 50F.
    The combination of weak instability and convergence along the cold
    front may be sufficient for a few thunderstorms Thursday afternoon
    and evening. No severe weather is expected.

    ..Bentley.. 02/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Feb 26 22:24:26 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 261724
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 261722

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1122 AM CST Wed Feb 26 2025

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are possible from the Mid and
    Upper Ohio Valley to the Carolinas/southern Virginia Thursday.

    ...Discussion...
    An upper trough is forecast to shift eastward across the eastern
    states with time. Within the broader area of cyclonic flow, a shorter-wavelength trough is forecast to dig aggressively
    southeastward out of the Upper Midwest, across the Ohio Valley
    through the day, across the Appalachians during the evening, and
    then should reach the eastern seaboard by the end of the period.

    Cold air/steep lapse rates aloft accompanying the upper trough will
    provide modest CAPE, with background ascent supporting development
    of scattered showers. A few lightning flashes will be possible
    within the evolving convection; the thunder area is being expanded
    to include portions of the Mid and Upper Ohio Valley where a couple
    of weak, low-topped storms may develop near peak heating.

    Elsewhere, thunderstorms are not expected, with the eastern Pacific
    upper low expected to remain offshore through early Friday.

    ..Goss.. 02/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Feb 27 11:54:31 2025
    ACUS02 KWNS 270654
    SWODY2
    SPC AC 270652

    Day 2 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1252 AM CST Thu Feb 27 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 011200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible across parts of central and
    southern California on Friday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will move off the East Coast on Friday with a
    secondary reinforcing trough digging into the Great Lakes in its
    wake. An upper low beneath a ridge across the western CONUS will
    drift slowly east and eventually overspread parts of central and
    southern California Friday night.

    ...Portions of central and southern California...
    Isolated to potentially scattered thunderstorms are forecast, mostly
    Friday evening and Friday night, as temperatures cool aloft as an
    upper low moves inland across central and southern California. While instability may be sufficient for a few thunderstorms, it should
    remain too weak for any appreciable severe weather threat.

    ..Bentley.. 02/27/2025

    $$

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