• DAY3SVR: Nws Storm Prediction Center Norman Ok

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 9 18:55:34 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 091855
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 091854

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1254 PM CST Sun Nov 09 2025

    Valid 111200Z - 121200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are not expected on Tuesday or Tuesday night.

    ...Synopsis...
    Thunderstorm potential still appears very low on Tuesday, due to
    generally dry/stable conditions across the CONUS. Shallow convective
    snow bands will remain possible near and downstream of the Lower
    Great Lakes, but lightning potential appears very limited. Offshore,
    isolated storms will be possible off of the Mid Atlantic coast, as
    cold midlevel temperatures (associated with the departing
    upper-level trough) continue to overspread the northern periphery of
    the Gulf Stream.

    ..Dean.. 11/09/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 16 08:31:48 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 160831
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 160830

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 AM CST Sun Nov 16 2025

    Valid 181200Z - 191200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible across parts of the Mississippi and Ohio
    Valleys during the day on Tuesday, and also possible across parts of
    the southern Plains, mainly during the evening and overnight. A few
    strong storms are possible, but severe potential appears relatively
    low at this time.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid/upper-level low and attendant deep trough are forecast to move
    slowly eastward across the Southwest on Tuesday. Farther east, a
    low-amplitude midlevel shortwave trough will move quickly
    east-southeastward from the Midwest toward the Mid Atlantic. A
    surface low initially over the east-central Plains is forecast to
    move eastward and weaken, as a trailing cold front stalls over parts
    of the Ozarks and southern Plains, before returning northward as a
    warm front late in the period.

    ...Southern Plains into parts of the OH/TN Valleys...
    Elevated convection will likely be ongoing Tuesday morning across
    parts of the mid MS and OH Valleys, which will tend to spread
    eastward toward the TN Valley and parts of the Appalachians.
    Uncertainties regarding the magnitude of elevated buoyancy will
    continue into early D3/Tuesday from D2/Monday, but a few strong
    storms capable of small to near-severe hail cannot be ruled out
    before the low-level warm-advection regime begins to weaken and
    convection moves into a more stable environment.

    Later in the day into Tuesday night, seasonably rich boundary-layer
    moisture will stream northward into a larger portion of OK and west
    TX, as the initial weak surface boundary effectively becomes a warm
    front. Moderate buoyancy and favorable deep-layer shear will be
    conditionally supportive of organized convection, though most
    guidance currently suggests that stronger large-scale ascent
    associated with the approaching trough across the Southwest will
    remain west of the expanding buoyancy reservoir through the end of
    the period.

    Very isolated storm development cannot be ruled out near the front
    during the afternoon and evening, though any such development may
    struggle to intensify in the absence of stronger forcing. A somewhat
    greater chance for robust (though likely somewhat elevated) storm
    development may evolve late in the period across parts of west TX
    into southwest OK, in response to a modestly strengthening low-level
    jet. The 16/00Z GFS/RRFS are currently the most aggressive regarding
    storm development prior to 12Z Wednesday morning, but if other
    guidance trends in that direction, then severe probabilities may
    eventually be needed.

    ..Dean.. 11/16/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 16 19:13:53 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 161913
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 161912

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0112 PM CST Sun Nov 16 2025

    Valid 181200Z - 191200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible across parts of the Mississippi and Ohio
    Valleys during the day on Tuesday, and also possible across parts of
    the southern Plains, mainly during the evening and overnight. A few
    strong storms are possible, but severe potential appears relatively
    low at this time.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level shortwave trough will move from the Midwest to the
    Mid-Atlantic on Tuesday. Mid-level ridging will build into the
    central CONUS ahead of a larger trough pivoting across southern
    California and the Southwest. A frontal zone will persist from the
    Ohio Valley to north Texas with low to mid 60s dewpoints to the
    south of the front.

    ...Lower Ohio Valley...
    Elevated thunderstorms with small hail may be ongoing at the
    beginning of the period across the Lower Ohio Valley, on the nose of
    the low-level jet. A few strong storms may continue through the
    morning, but should wane by the afternoon as the low-level jet
    continues to veer/weaken and the thunderstorm activity moves east of
    the better instability axis. While some surface based instability is
    forecast along the frontal zone during the afternoon, subsidence in
    the wake of the morning activity should suppress any additional
    surface based thunderstorm activity.

    Tuesday night, thunderstorms may develop along the frontal zone in
    the southern Plains as modest enhancement of the low-level jet
    occurs ahead of the next trough. However, storm coverage appears
    isolated at this time.

    ..Bentley.. 11/16/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 17 07:39:57 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 170739
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 170738

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0138 AM CST Mon Nov 17 2025

    Valid 191200Z - 201200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible across parts of the Southwest into the
    southern Plains vicinity Wednesday into early Thursday.

    ...Southern Plains...

    An upper trough is expected to be oriented from the western Great
    Basin toward southern CA/northern Baja Wednesday morning, and track
    slowly eastward toward the Four Corners/southern Rockies by Thursday
    morning. Forecast guidance has trended slowly with the eastward
    ejection of the upper trough. As a result, stronger southwesterly
    flow, and a strengthening low-level jet are not expected to develop
    over portions of the southern Rockies into OK/TX until after 00-06z.
    This will also delay any stronger forcing for ascent until late in
    the forecast period.

    At the surface, southerly low-level flow will transport Gulf
    moisture northward across TX/OK and the south-central states.
    Forecast soundings suggest capping in the 850-700 mb layer will
    persist for much of the diurnal period. Given nebulous forcing,
    outside of persistent, modest warm advection, it is unclear if/how
    much convection may develop across the warm sector during the day.
    The 00z RRFS suggests elevated convection may develop near the
    moisture gradient/surface trough across west-central TX and toward
    the Red River in southwest OK by late afternoon. While vertical
    shear would support at least loosely organized convection, low to
    midlevel flow will be somewhat weak, and elevated instability modest
    (generally less than 1000 J/kg). Later in the period (after 06z),
    large-scale ascent will increase and a modest southerly low-level
    jet should intensify as the upper trough approaches NM. Additional
    convection may develop late Wednesday night into early Thursday
    morning amid a stronger mass response.

    Some risk for marginal hail could accompany stronger convection.
    However, confidence is low regarding coverage, intensity and timing
    of any more organized/stronger storm development, especially given
    the trend toward a more slowly/later ejecting trough. Will hold off
    introducing severe probabilities at this time, but probs could
    become necessary with later updates.

    ..Leitman.. 11/17/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Oct 12 07:25:27 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 120725
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 120724

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0224 AM CDT Sun Oct 12 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    NEW MEXICO...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with marginally severe wind gusts and hail will be
    possible on Tuesday from mid afternoon into early evening across
    parts of New Mexico.

    ...New Mexico...
    At mid-levels, a ridge will remain over the central U.S., as a low
    moves eastward into the Intermountain West. Between these two
    features, southwest flow will be in place from the Desert Southwest northeastward into the central and northern High Plains. At the
    surface, a moist airmass will be located from the southern Plains
    westward into the southern Rockies, where dewpoints are forecast to
    be mostly in the 50s F. As surface heating takes place on Tuesday,
    an axis of instability will develop over central New Mexico by
    afternoon. Convection is expected to initiate in the higher terrain
    by early afternoon, with scattered thunderstorms moving
    northeastward into the lower elevations during the mid to late
    afternoon. According to forecast soundings, MLCAPE is forecast to
    reach the 1000 to 1200 J/kg range along the instability axis, with
    0-3 km lapse rates peaking near 7.5 C/km. This could support a
    threat for marginally severe wind gusts. Hail could also occur in
    the stronger thunderstorm cores.

    ..Broyles.. 10/12/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Oct 12 19:25:29 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 121925
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 121924

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0224 PM CDT Sun Oct 12 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN NM AND
    SOUTHERN CA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated, marginal severe thunderstorms are possible across a
    portion of southern California on Tuesday morning to midday, and New
    Mexico from mid-afternoon to mid-evening.

    ...Southern CA...
    A low-topped convective band may be ongoing at 12Z Tuesday in the
    central-south CA coastal area near/northwest of the Los Angeles
    Basin. Most guidance suggests a belt of strong 850-700 mb winds will
    persist through at least midday beneath an intense mid-level jetlet
    that shifts from southern CA into the southern Great Basin.
    Instability will be meager, to the south of the mid-level cold core
    across central CA, amid weak mid-level lapse rates and rather
    limited insolation. But with some signal for convection accompanying
    the strong wind fields, a low-probability damaging wind and brief
    waterspout to tornado threat appears warranted.

    ...NM...
    Similar to prior days, weak mid-level lapse rates will remain a
    limiting factor to updraft vigor. Nevertheless, a belt of moderately
    enhanced mid-level south-southwesterlies will persist between the CA
    cyclone and east TX anticyclone. Guidance differs on the degree of boundary-layer heating Tuesday across NM, but generally agree that
    modest buoyancy should develop over south-central/southwest NM.
    Scattered thunderstorms should peak during the latter half of the
    afternoon from the Sangre de Cristo Mountains to the higher terrain
    of northern Chihuahua. This southern activity may spread
    north-northeast into south-central NM during the evening. An
    isolated and marginal severe hail/wind threat remains possible.

    ..Grams.. 10/12/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Oct 26 07:28:37 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 260728
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 260727

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 AM CDT Sun Oct 26 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe potential is low Tuesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A strong upper trough over the central Plains is forecast to
    intensify as a powerful mid-level speed max approaches from the
    northwest. The trough will deepen and move eastward, settling over
    the mid MS Valley as it merges with a broader low over the eastern
    US. In response to the deepening trough, an elongated surface low
    will develop along a strong cold front as it begins to surge south
    over the southern Plains. Ahead of the front, a secondary surface
    cyclone over the Red River will consolidate and deepen as it matures
    across the mid MS Valley.

    Southerly low-level flow ahead of the deepening surface cyclone may
    allow for some modest moisture return over parts of the TX South
    Plains early Tuesday. However, in the wake of the earlier frontal
    passage, moisture depth is likely to be limited. Weak buoyancy may
    develop along the front as the upper trough and cool mid-level
    temperatures overlap the modestly moist air mass. While isolated
    storms are possible along the front over southern TX, rapid
    undercutting and limited buoyancy suggests little if any severe
    risk. Otherwise, isolated thunderstorms are possible ahead of the
    cold front over parts of FL and the Outer Banks. The limited overlap
    of favorable buoyancy and shear will again support little if any
    severe risk through early Wednesday.

    ..Lyons.. 10/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Oct 26 19:27:13 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 261927
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 261925

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0225 PM CDT Sun Oct 26 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe potential is low Tuesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    On Tuesday, an intense speed max will dive into the Plains, with a
    deepening upper low moving from the central Plains at 00Z into the
    lower MS Valley into Wednesday morning. At the surface, a cold front
    will surge southward across the Plains, nearing the TX Coast by 00Z.
    Southerly winds ahead of this front will briefly result in a moist
    and unstable air mass over parts of eastern TX during the day.
    However, forecast boundary layer moisture profiles will be shallow
    over much of the warm sector, except perhaps during the afternoon
    across southeast TX.

    As such, the greatest chance of thunderstorms will be during the
    late afternoon toward the TX Coast, prior to the front moving
    offshore. Forecast soundings indicate generally poor midlevel lapse
    rates, and substantial dry air aloft, which may temper storm
    severity. Otherwise, elevated instability may develop across parts
    of LA, AR, and MS, with scattered non-severe thunderstorms possible.

    Elsewhere, elevated instability may remain over eastern NC as a
    weakening upper wave moves over the area, with moist easterly winds
    wrapping moisture westward north of an offshore surface low.

    ..Jewell.. 10/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Oct 27 07:29:18 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 270729
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 270728

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0228 AM CDT Mon Oct 27 2025

    Valid 291200Z - 301200Z

    ...NO THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are unlikely Wednesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A deep upper low over the central US will continue to intensify
    before merging with a broader trough over the eastern US Wednesday
    and Wednesday night. A surface low over the Mid South will deepen
    and move toward the Atlantic Coast as a strong cold front continues
    to push offshore through the Gulf and Southeast. High pressure will
    develop within the post-frontal air mass supporting widespread
    offshore flow and drier conditions across much of the CONUS.

    The only exception will be across far south FL and the immediate Mid
    Atlantic coast where remaining southerly winds will support modest
    surface moisture for part of the day. However, the relatively
    shallow nature of the moisture and mid-level drying/subsidence
    southeast of the jet max will overspread the area ahead of the
    advancing front. This should limit thunderstorm potential before the
    cold front scours the remaining moisture offshore. Thus,
    thunderstorm chances currently appear to be below 10% over the
    CONUS.

    ..Lyons.. 10/27/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Nov 18 19:23:03 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 181922
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 181921

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0121 PM CST Tue Nov 18 2025

    Valid 201200Z - 211200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are possible across the southern Plains on
    Thursday. Severe thunderstorm potential appears limited at this
    time. Isolated thunderstorms may extend into the Ohio and Tennessee
    Valleys as well, though this activity is not expected to be severe.

    ...Synopsis...
    Broad upper-level troughing will prevail across the western U.S.
    through the day, with a low-level warm-air advection regime
    persisting across the Southern Plains into the TN Valley on
    Thursday. Two embedded mid-level shortwave troughs are poised to
    pivot around the broader upper trough Thursday afternoon into the
    overnight period. The first mid-level shortwave trough will eject
    into the southern Plains/Lower MS Valley region and de-amplify while
    the second shortwave trough attempts to evolve into a cut-off low
    over southern CA. The passage of the first trough over the southern
    Plains will encourage weak surface low development around the KS/OK
    border during the second half of the period. A broad fetch of
    moisture will be maintained within the warm-air advection regime, so
    any upper support overspreading the moist axis across the southern
    Plains into the TN Valley will support continued scattered
    thunderstorm development.

    The de-amplification of the passing mid-level impulse will encourage
    deep-layer veering of the low to mid-level wind fields across the
    southern Plains. While scattered thunderstorms and more widespread showers/cloudiness will be ongoing Thursday morning, the deep-layer
    veered flow may aid in persistent training showers and thunderstorms
    within the warm-air advection regime. The best chance for training thunderstorms will be from central TX into OK Thursday afternoon
    into the evening hours. Given reduced boundary-layer buoyancy with
    the training storms, severe potential still appears nebulous. Some
    guidance suggests that stronger storms (perhaps accompanied by an
    isolated severe threat) may develop across parts of central TX late
    Thursday afternoon. However, deep-layer ascent will glance this
    region to the north, with forecast soundings showing appreciable
    mid-level warming over central TX, so no severe probabilities have
    been introduced at this time.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/18/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Nov 19 08:03:05 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 190803
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 190801

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0201 AM CST Wed Nov 19 2025

    Valid 211200Z - 221200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected from the Texas coast into the
    Tennessee Valley and central/southern Appalachians on Friday. Severe thunderstorm potential appears limited.

    ...Texas Coast to the Mid-South/TN Valley vicinity...

    A shortwave upper trough will develop east from the southern Plains
    to the central Appalachians vicinity on Friday. A belt of enhanced
    westerly flow associated with this feature will overspread the
    Mid-South and TN Valley vicinity. At the surface, a cold front will
    develop southeast across east TX and the Mid-MS/Lower OH Valleys.
    Forecast guidance varies with the progression of the front, but the
    expectation is for the boundary to extend from the central
    Appalachians west/southwest to the TX coast by Saturday morning.

    Convection will likely be ongoing Friday morning across east TX
    along the cold front, and across portions of the Mid-South vicinity
    within a warm advection regime. While boundary layer moisture will
    be greater than normal for this time of year, boundary-parallel flow
    will likely result in training convection, limiting stronger
    destabilization. Furthermore, widespread cloudiness, poor lapse
    rates and areas of precipitation downstream from the surface
    boundary will further limit destabilization. While a couple of
    strong storms cannot be entirely ruled out across parts of the
    Mid-South and TN Valley, overall severe potential appears limited. A
    strong storm or two also could occur across southeast TX near the
    cold front, but weak large-scale ascent, modest vertical shear, and
    warm midlevel temperatures should temper severe potential.

    ..Leitman.. 11/19/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Nov 19 19:13:19 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 191913
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 191912

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0112 PM CST Wed Nov 19 2025

    Valid 211200Z - 221200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected from the Texas coast into the
    Tennessee Valley and central/southern Appalachians on Friday. Severe thunderstorms are not expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A low-amplitude mid-level trough will overspread the TN Valley as an
    upper-low becomes established over CA on Day 3/Friday. Cooler
    temperatures aloft associated with the CA low will support a few
    lightning flashes, mainly offshore. Across the TN Valley, the
    passage of the low-amplitude mid-level trough will encourage the
    eastward translation of a weak surface low along the OH River toward
    the Appalachians through the Friday period. A broad fetch of
    low-level moisture will advect northward toward the OH River has a
    cold front slowly approaches from the Ozarks (draped southwestward
    into eastern TX). The warm sector south of the warm front along the
    OH River, and ahead of the cold front east of the Ozarks, should be
    adequately buoyant to support isolated to scattered thunderstorm
    development through the day Friday into Friday evening.

    Nonetheless, the aforementioned mid-level trough should further
    de-amplify through Friday, with forcing for ascent expected to
    weaken as low-level flow heavily veers with time. Furthermore, the
    mainly unidirectional vertical wind shear will become increasingly
    displaced from the richer low-level moisture and associated
    buoyancy, limiting severe potential across the OH Valley and points
    south/west.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/19/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Nov 20 08:04:24 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 200804
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 200803

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0203 AM CST Thu Nov 20 2025

    Valid 221200Z - 231200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible from the Southwest into the
    southern Plains and Southeast, though severe thunderstorm potential
    appears low.

    ...Synopsis...

    An upper low and attendant trough will overspread the Southwest on
    Saturday while shortwave upper ridging develops over the
    southern/central Plains. At the surface, a cold front will develop
    southeast across the TX coast and much of the Southeast U.S.
    Isolated thunderstorms will be possible along the front amid a
    modestly unstable and moist boundary layer. Severe storms are not
    expected given limited instability and weak vertical shear.
    Additional thunderstorms are possible across portions of the
    Southwest where cold temperatures aloft will support meager but
    sufficient MUCAPE.

    Model spread increases late in the period regarding the ejection of
    the Southwest upper trough. Some guidance suggests a low-level jet
    will strengthen across the southern High Plains vicinity as the
    upper trough approaches the vicinity toward Sunday morning.
    Increasing midlevel moisture within deep-layer southwesterly flow,
    and modestly steepening midlevel lapse rates could generate enough
    elevated instability for isolated thunderstorm development across
    the southern High Plains overnight, though severe storms are not
    expected.

    ..Leitman.. 11/20/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Nov 20 19:31:56 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 201931
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 201931

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0131 PM CST Thu Nov 20 2025

    Valid 221200Z - 231200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible from the Southwest into the
    southern Plains and Southeast on Saturday, though severe
    thunderstorm potential appears low.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper-level low will translate to an open wave while impinging on
    the southern High Plains, with a broad mid-level trough poised to
    traverse the Eastern Seaboard on Saturday. As a result, widespread
    surface high pressure will overspread much of the central and
    northern CONUS, limiting thunderstorm potential for these areas.
    Adequate moisture ahead of the surface cold front, along with
    frontal convergence, will encourage isolated to scattered
    thunderstorm development Saturday afternoon and evening across
    portions of eastern TX to the Carolina coastline. A few lightning
    flashes are also possible across portions of AZ into NM as cold air
    aloft from the upper low coincides with synoptic ascent of a
    marginally moist, unstable airmass. Low-level moisture may be
    locally more robust into western TX, where surface lee troughing,
    encouraged by the approaching mid-level trough, will promote
    warm-air/moisture advection from the Gulf. While the moist
    southeasterly flow beneath 60-80 kt southwesterly 500 mb winds will
    promote strong low-level shear, modest mid-level lapse rates atop a
    stable boundary layer should limit the severe threat.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/20/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Nov 21 08:26:59 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 210826
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 210825

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0225 AM CST Fri Nov 21 2025

    Valid 231200Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM CENTRAL
    TEXAS TO THE RIO GRANDE...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of
    central Texas to the Rio Grande on Sunday. Large hail and damaging
    wind gusts will be the primary threats.

    ...Synopsis...
    A closed mid-level low across the Southwest will become an open wave
    as it moves into the Plains on Sunday. Weak surface troughing is
    forecast to develop across the High Plains during the day.
    Strengthening southerly flow east of this surface trough will bring
    rich moisture northward across central Texas as a warm front lifts
    northward.

    ...Central Texas to the Rio Grande...
    Strengthening low-level flow will continue to destabilize the
    boundary layer through the day as a warm front lifts north. As
    isentropic ascent increases during the afternoon/evening, widespread thunderstorm activity is anticipated along the warm front and also
    along the cold front/dryline. Moderate instability and strong shear
    will support the potential for mostly elevated supercells capable of
    isolated large hail. As storms grow upscale, the threat for damaging
    wind gusts will increase during the late evening and into the
    overnight period. Initially, expect convection to be elevated, but
    it may eventually become more surface based as storms advance into
    the warm sector. Low-level lapse rates will be very weak (3-4 C/km)
    which should keep any tornado threat isolated. However, given the
    strong low-level shear, an isolated tornado cannot be ruled out.

    ..Bentley.. 11/21/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Nov 21 19:29:33 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 211929
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 211928

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0128 PM CST Fri Nov 21 2025

    Valid 231200Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PORTIONS OF
    WESTERN INTO CENTRAL TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of
    northern Texas to the Rio Grande on Sunday. Large hail is the
    primary threat.

    ...Synopsis...
    A progressive upper pattern will prevail over the CONUS on Day
    3/Sunday as multiple mid-level troughs progress across the
    Northeast, the Plains states, and the Pacific Northwest,
    respectively. At the surface, high pressure and static stability
    will become established east of the MS River to the East Coast, and
    over much of the Interior West, limiting thunderstorm potential over
    these regions. However, the amplification of the central U.S.
    mid-level trough will encourage surface lee troughing and subsequent
    southerly moisture return across portions of the central and
    southern Plains, where isolated to scattered thunderstorms are
    likely. Strong flow aloft over TX will overspread a moist axis,
    where adequate coinciding buoyancy and vertical wind shear will
    support an isolated severe threat. Otherwise, a few lightning
    flashes are possible along the Pacific Northwest coastline with the
    passage of a mid-level trough and accompanying cooler temperatures
    aloft.

    ...Portions of southwestern into central TX...
    As the mid-level trough overspreads TX through the period, a
    southerly low-level jet will develop, particularly after 00Z, when
    850 mb southerly flow will exceed 35 kts. A relatively stable
    boundary layer will remain in place Sunday through Sunday night.
    However, atop this layer, seasonably rich moisture around 850 mb,
    beneath 6.5-7.5 C/km mid-level lapse rates, will yield 1000-1500
    J/kg of MUCAPE, which is adequate for supporting strong but elevated thunderstorms. From late afternoon into the overnight hours,
    increased isentropic lift above the stable boundary layer, driven by
    the approaching mid-level trough, will promote an increase in
    thunderstorms through the evening over western and central TX. The
    southerly 35 kt low-level jet, overspread by 50-70 kt mid-level
    southwesterlies from the upper trough, will yield elongated
    hodographs and up to 50 kts of effective bulk shear. This shear, and aforementioned MUCAPE, will support the potential for elevated
    supercells late Sunday afternoon and overnight, with severe hail
    possible.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/21/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Nov 22 08:32:08 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 220832
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 220830

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 AM CST Sat Nov 22 2025

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS EAST
    TEXAS AND INTO THE MID-MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong to severe storms are expected across eastern Texas into the Mid-Mississippi Valley on Monday afternoon and evening. Isolated
    Large hail and a tornado or two will be the primary threats.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will deamplify as it moves from the central
    Plains to the southern Great Lakes on Monday. A secondary mid-level
    trough will amplify as it moves through the northern Plains and into
    the Upper Midwest. A more consolidated surface low will develop
    across the Upper Midwest by the end of the period. A warm front will
    lift from near the Gulf Coast into the Mid-Mississippi Valley by
    Monday evening. A somewhat diffuse cold frontal zone will extend
    from the Ozarks to the southern Plains.

    ...Eastern Texas into the Mid-Mississippi Valley...
    Rich low-level moisture will advect northward across East Texas and
    Louisiana on Monday. This will result in moderate instability ahead
    of the frontal zone from East Texas into Louisiana. Extensive
    cloudcover may be a limiting factor to greater destabilization, but
    sufficient instability is expected for strong to severe storms
    Monday afternoon/evening. A messier storm mode is expected near the
    ArkLaTex, but a more favorable zone may exist south of this area
    where supercell storm mode will be favored. Long hodographs with
    largely streamwise low-level hodographs may result in some tornado
    threat, in addition to the large hail threat. While the greatest
    threat is expected during the late afternoon to early evening, some
    threat will likely persist into the overnight period as a mostly
    uncapped moderately unstable airmass is expected to persist amid
    rich low-level moisture.

    ..Bentley.. 11/22/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Nov 22 19:13:10 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 221913
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 221912

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0112 PM CST Sat Nov 22 2025

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN EAST TX TO FAR
    SOUTHERN AR...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible from later Monday
    afternoon into Monday night across east Texas towards the
    Ark-La-Miss. A few tornadoes along with large hail and damaging
    winds are anticipated.

    ...Synopsis...
    A shortwave trough over the central to southern High Plains will
    move east, dampening Monday night in response to an upstream wave
    digging from the Pacific Northwest to the northern Great Plains.
    While the leading surface low will remain weak, pronounced
    upper-level diffluence and persistent low-level warm theta-e
    advection will support extensive convection across the South-Central
    States through the period.

    ...Central TX to the Ark-La-Miss...
    A swath of elevated convection should be ongoing at 12Z Monday from
    central TX northeastward, likely north of a gradually advancing
    surface warm front. This boundary should accelerate north-northeast
    with diurnal heating, yielding expansion of surface-based
    instability across much of east TX by afternoon. While
    low-probability severe hail is possible early, primary severe
    potential should await peak heating along/ahead of the trailing
    early-day convective swath. Elongated hodographs, amid 500-mb
    southwesterlies in excess of 50 kts, will favor regenerative
    supercells. These should be semi-discrete with southwest extent and
    embedded within an increasingly messy cluster mode northeastward.

    Large hail and some tornado threat should tend to be favored across
    east TX during the late afternoon and evening, before low-level
    winds subside and become more veered Monday night from west to east.
    Nocturnal tornado and some damaging wind potential may persist
    across the Sabine Valley towards the Ark-La-Miss, where enlarged
    low-level hodographs coincide with the northeast flank of the
    surface-based instability plume.

    ..Grams.. 11/22/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 23 08:28:44 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 230828
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 230827

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 AM CST Sun Nov 23 2025

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE SOUTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few strong to isolated severe storms are possible across portions
    of the Southeast on Tuesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will amplify across the eastern CONUS on Tuesday
    with ridging across the West. A cold front will sharpen near the
    Mississippi River and cross the Appalachians by the end of the
    period.

    ...Southeast...
    Mid 60s dewpoints will stream northward ahead of a cold front across
    the Southeast on Tuesday. This will result in moderate
    destabilization within a zone of moderate to strong deep-layer
    shear. Minimal inhibition is expected along the front by
    mid-afternoon which should support isolated to scattered storm
    development. A strong low-level jet, initially across MS/TN/AL
    during the morning, will move quickly east and is forecast over the Mid-Atlantic by 00Z. If this occurs, low-level shear will not be
    that strong along the frontal zone Tuesday afternoon/evening.
    Therefore, isolated large hail will likely be the primary severe
    weather threat. Storm intensity is expected to lessen by late
    evening due to the cooling boundary layer ahead of the cold front.

    ...South Texas...
    The southwestern edge of the surface cold front will stall across
    South Texas Tuesday afternoon/evening. The environment south of this
    front will feature moderate instability and shear. Upper forcing may
    be somewhat nebulous, but convergence along the front may be
    sufficient for isolated to widely scattered storms late Tuesday
    afternoon into the evening. If storms develop, large hail will
    likely be the primary threat.

    ..Bentley.. 11/23/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 23 19:16:19 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 231916
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 231915

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0115 PM CST Sun Nov 23 2025

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN THE DEEP
    SOUTH...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe storms are possible across the Deep South on Tuesday
    and Tuesday night.

    ...Synopsis...
    Leading shortwave impulses over the Lower OH and TN Valleys will
    further dampen, downstream of an amplifying shortwave trough over
    the Upper Midwest. This latter feature will induce pronounced
    surface cyclogenesis over the Great Lakes. Trailing cold front will sharpen/accelerate southeastward Tuesday night in the Southeast.

    ...Deep South...
    A strong low-level jet over the OH to TN Valleys at 12Z Tuesday will
    shift quickly northeast through the day. This will yield decreasing
    speeds and more veered profiles by afternoon in the warm sector
    ahead of the cold front. With convergence along the boundary likely
    remaining weak through most of the day, large-scale ascent for a
    greater than isolated severe threat appears nebulous.

    A plume of moderate buoyancy should linger across LA/southern MS,
    potentially extending into parts of AL by afternoon, and hold at
    weak farther northeast. Deep-layer shear will remain sufficient for
    some supercell potential, but the subsiding flow fields with respect
    to the diurnal heating cycle casts uncertainty on how
    sustained/productive storms may be. Instability will diminish after
    sunset, but a marginal severe threat could linger near the AL/FL/GA
    border area with nocturnal convection along the accelerating front.

    ..Grams.. 11/23/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 24 07:54:22 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 240754
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 240753

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0153 AM CST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible along the East Coast from the
    Northeast to Florida on Wednesday. No severe thunderstorms are
    expected.

    ...Discussion...
    A strong upper-level low will move from the Great Lakes to southern
    Quebec on Wednesday. At the surface, a strong surface low will move
    slowly east from Lake Superior to western Quebec. A cold front will
    extend along the spine of the Appalachians Wednesday morning and
    move into the western Atlantic by Wednesday evening.

    Ahead of the cold front, weak instability is forecast from southeast
    Georgia to eastern North Carolina. This may be sufficient for
    isolated thunderstorms, but weak instability should limit the
    overall intensity of these storms. Additional lightning flashes are
    possible beneath the cold upper-level temperatures across the
    Northeast.

    ..Bentley.. 11/24/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Nov 24 19:07:25 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 241907
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 241906

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0106 PM CST Mon Nov 24 2025

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms are not forecast on Wednesday or Wednesday night.

    ...Synopsis...
    An amplified shortwave trough will further deepen as it swings
    across the Great Lakes into the Saint Lawrence Valley. Associated
    deep surface cyclone will track across the central Great Lakes to
    the Ottawa Valley. Downstream frontal occlusion should arc to a
    weaker low moving across New England, with the leading cold front
    trailing southward and exiting much of the Atlantic Seaboard by
    Wednesday night.

    ...East...
    Surface-based thunderstorm coverage along/ahead of the
    aforementioned front is expected to remain sparse on Wednesday,
    limiting unconditional severe probabilities. Instability should be
    weak north of south GA/north FL, where strong deep-layer shear will
    be prevalent ahead of the aforementioned front.

    Rather low-topped convection may precede the most pronounced
    mid-level DCVA in the western/upstate NY vicinity on Wednesday
    afternoon. While it may be insufficient to produce lightning amid
    flimsy buoyancy, it could be accompanied by strong gusts along a
    secondary surface frontal surge with a strengthening pressure
    gradient in its wake.

    ..Grams.. 11/24/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Nov 25 07:44:29 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 250744
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 250743

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0143 AM CST Tue Nov 25 2025

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible across southeast Florida on
    Thursday. Severe storms are not expected.

    ...Discussion...
    A large, expansive mid-level ridge will be present across the
    eastern CONUS on Thursday. Offshore flow will be present across the
    entire eastern half of the CONUS as high pressure builds into the
    Plains. This high pressure will expand a dry, continental polar
    airmass which should keep any thunderstorm chances limited.

    A few isolated thunderstorms are possible ahead of the front across
    Florida, but weak instability and modest lapse rates should keep any
    severe storm threat limited.

    Significant temperature differences between the Great Lakes and the
    cold airmass aloft should result in some instability in the Great
    Lakes. Deeper convection that can develop over the lakes with some
    graupel could result in a few lightning flashes given an EL around
    -20C. However, given the mostly below freezing temperature profile,
    the likelihood of mixed-phase elements remains uncertain and a
    general thunderstorm line has not been included at this time.

    ..Bentley.. 11/25/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Nov 25 19:30:34 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 251930
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 251929

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0129 PM CST Tue Nov 25 2025

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated thunderstorms are possible across southeast Florida on
    Thursday. Severe storms are not expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper low over the northeastern US and southern Canada will
    further amplify Thursday as ridging builds to the west ahead of a
    weaker shortwave trough over the Pacific. Broad and strong cyclonic
    flow aloft will overspread the eastern half of the US extending
    northwestward over the northern Rockies. At the surface, a strong
    low will occlude over eastern Canada while a cold front moves
    offshore over the east coast. In the wake of the front, high
    pressure will intensify as it moves southward into the central US.

    With surface high pressure and offshore flow expected in the wake of
    the departing cold front, thunderstorm potential over the US will be
    limited to far southern FL. Here, isolated thunderstorms are
    possible ahead of the front Thursday afternoon. However, weak lapse
    rates and buoyancy should limit the severe threat.

    Occasional lightning is also possible over portions the eastern
    Great Lakes owing to warm water temps and cold air advection behind
    the upper low Thursday and Thursday evening. But, with cold
    thermodynamic profiles only modest supportive of mixed-phase
    precipitation, any lightning flashes should be sporadic and tied to
    deeper and more persistent lake-effect bands.

    ..Lyons.. 11/25/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Nov 26 07:21:38 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 260721
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 260720

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0120 AM CST Wed Nov 26 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms are possible over the southern Plains Friday
    night into early Saturday morning. Severe thunderstorms are not
    currently expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will amplify across the central U.S. as another
    upper trough ejects into the Atlantic on Day 3 (Friday). As this
    occurs, surface high pressure and an associated cool, statically
    stable airmass will overspread the U.S. east of the MS River,
    limiting thunderstorm potential. However, the approach of the
    central U.S. trough will encourage surface low development over the
    southern Plains on Friday, promoting moisture return from the Gulf.
    With the return of this moisture comes buoyancy (albeit marginal)
    across portions of the southern Plains. Thunderstorms will be
    possible Friday night into early Saturday morning across much of
    central TX into far southwestern OK as cooler temperatures
    aloft/steep mid-level lapse rates overspreads the moist axis ahead
    of the surface low.

    ...Central TX into far southwestern OK...
    The latest guidance consensus depicts a 1008 mb surface low
    developing somewhere over western OK by Friday evening as a
    mid-level trough deepens over the central Rockies. Given a frontal
    intrusion over the Gulf in days prior, moisture return will be scant
    for Day 3/Friday. Nonetheless, the development of a strong (i.e.
    40-50 kt) southerly low-level jet will aid in the northward
    advancement of enough moisture to support scattered thunderstorm
    development Friday night into early Saturday morning. Forecast
    soundings depict a stable nocturnal boundary layer over central TX
    to far southwestern OK, but with 7.5-8.5 C/km mid-level lapse rates overspreading this stable, moist layer, yielding 500-1000 J/kg
    MUCAPE, generally above 850 mb. Given the strong low-level jet, and
    an approaching westerly 500 mb wind maximum rotating around the
    amplifying trough, strong deep-layer shear is expected. Forecast
    soundings show elongated hodographs, with approximately 50 kts of
    effective bulk shear noted. Elevated multicells are expected, likely accompanied by at least small hail. However, if trends in increasing
    buoyancy are noted in future guidance, severe hail probabilities may
    be needed in future outlooks.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Nov 26 19:32:11 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 261932
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 261931

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0131 PM CST Wed Nov 26 2025

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms are possible over the southern Plains Friday
    night into early Saturday morning. Severe thunderstorms are not
    currently expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    Mid-level ridging over the central US is forecast to shift eastward
    and weaken under the influence of a deepening shortwave trough over
    the Rockies and High Plains Friday. As the trough to the west
    deepens, stronger westerly flow will overspread the Plains states
    deepening a lee cyclone across portions of eastern CO and western
    KS. A strong cold front, attendant to the surface low, will sweep southeastward, supporting isolated thunderstorms over the southern
    Plains and Ozarks into early Saturday.

    ...Central TX into southeastern OK...
    As the surface low over the southern High Plains deepens, southerly
    winds will increase supporting low-level moisture advection on the
    western flank of the surface high into portions of TX and southern
    OK late Friday. With surface temperatures remaining relatively cool
    in the wake of the prior frontal passage, most forecast soundings
    show weak buoyancy developing above a surface stable layer at the
    apex of a 40-50 kt southerly low-level jet. As the upper trough
    moves overhead and the surface cold front approaches from the
    northwest, broad ascent will support isolated thunderstorms from
    central and western North TX into central/eastern OK and the western
    Ozarks late Friday night into early Saturday morning. While buoyancy
    is expected to remain fairly limited (~500 J/kg MUCAPE), strong flow
    aloft could support occasional stronger elevated storms with the
    potential for small hail. This is most likely farther south across
    TX where buoyancy would be stronger, though confidence in a
    sustained severe risk is low.

    ..Lyons.. 11/26/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Nov 27 08:29:15 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 270829
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 270828

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0228 AM CST Thu Nov 27 2025

    Valid 291200Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN TO THE SABINE RIVER VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of
    southeast Texas into northern Louisiana Saturday afternoon or
    evening.

    ...Synopsis...
    A surface low will translate northeast from the southern Plains
    toward the Great lakes as a broad mid-level trough overspreads the
    central U.S. on Saturday. Relatively rich low-level moisture return
    will occur across the Sabine River Valley ahead of a surface cold
    front. Isolated to scattered thunderstorm development should occur
    within a warm-air advection regime. Given strong vertical wind shear
    in place due to a departing low-level jet, isolated strong to severe
    storms are possible across the TX Coastal Plain toward the Sabine
    River Valley ahead of the approaching cold front.

    ...Southeast Texas into northern Louisiana...
    Scattered showers and thunderstorms will be ongoing across the
    southern Plains into the Lower MS Valley within the warm-air
    advection regime. Through the day, airmass modification will result
    in some boundary layer destabilization as cloudiness and
    precipitation gradually clears the warm sector over southeastern TX.
    Over 1000 J/kg MLCAPE may materialize if surface temperatures can
    exceed 70 F given expected mid to upper 60s F dewpoints beneath 7-8
    C/km mid-level lapse rates. A surface cold front will sweep
    southeastward toward eastern TX. However, the mid-level trough
    should pivot northeastward through the day. As such, the surface low
    and accompanying low-level jet are poised to depart the southern
    Plains and track away from the axis of greater moisture and
    instability, which should limit severe potential to some degree.

    Still, low-level convergence along the cold front should support
    thunderstorm development by afternoon peak heating across the TX
    coastal plain to the Sabine River Valley. Strong enough flow along
    the western periphery of the departing low-level jet, beneath modest westerlies, will support elongated hodographs and over 30 kts of
    effective bulk shear. Given the aforementioned buoyancy, multicells
    and perhaps a couple of supercells are possible. Isolated severe
    gusts/hail are possible, and a tornado cannot be ruled out.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/27/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Nov 27 19:31:47 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 271931
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 271930

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0130 PM CST Thu Nov 27 2025

    Valid 291200Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PORTIONS OF
    EASTERN TEXAS AND SOUTHWESTERN LOUISIANA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across portions of
    southeast Texas into western Louisiana Saturday afternoon or
    evening.

    ...Synopsis...
    The shortwave trough over the central Plains will move eastward as
    mid-level westerly flow intensifies from the Plains to the MS Valley
    and Midwest Saturday/Sunday. A surface low attendant to the trough
    will move from OK/KS to the southern Great Lakes as a strong cold
    front moves south from the Red River to the lower MS Valley.
    Moisture return ahead of the front will support scattered
    thunderstorms across eastern TX, the Sabine Valley and lower MS
    valley through early morning Sunday.

    ...Southeast TX to western LA...
    With southerly surface flow expected to develop ahead of the
    deepening surface cyclone over the Plains Saturday, low-level
    moisture advection should increase across coastal and southeast TX
    into LA. A warm front will slowly lift northward, stalling over
    southwest LA as it encounters a deep and cool air mass farther
    north. Continued low-level warm air advection (despite ongoing
    showers and remnant clouds) should allow for gradual destabilization
    Saturday afternoon. While overall forcing for ascent appears weak as
    the upper trough departs to the north, scattered thunderstorm
    development appears probable, both within the low-level warm
    advection regime and along the approaching cold front from the
    Northwest. Given expected mid to upper 60s F dewpoints beneath 7-8
    C/km mid-level lapse rates, around 1000 J/kg MLCAPE could support a
    few stronger updrafts late Saturday through Sunday morning. Residual
    westerly flow aloft may also favor some storm organization with
    multicell lines or clusters and perhaps transient supercells capable
    of damaging gusts and hail. This is most likely from the TX coastal
    Plain to southwestern LA before the cold front moves offshore into
    the Gulf.

    ..Lyons.. 11/27/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Nov 28 08:19:19 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 280819
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 280818

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0218 AM CST Fri Nov 28 2025

    Valid 301200Z - 011200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms are possible along the Gulf Coast. Severe
    thunderstorms are not expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will amplify over the central and southern
    Rockies as a broader upper trough overspreads the northeast on
    Sunday. As a surface low rapidly ejects toward the Northeast
    Atlantic coastline, surface high pressure will overspread much of
    the Interior West and most of the CONUS east of the Rockies. Static
    stability with the high pressure should limit thunderstorm
    development over most areas. The best chance for any thunderstorm
    development will be along the Gulf Coast ahead of a surface cold
    front early Sunday. Before the front moves offshore, near 60 F
    surface dewpoints along the coast will promote marginal buoyancy,
    which will support thunderstorm development along the front given
    low-level convergence.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/28/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Nov 28 19:00:53 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 281900
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 281859

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1259 PM CST Fri Nov 28 2025

    Valid 301200Z - 011200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms are possible along the Gulf Coast. Severe
    thunderstorms are not expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A large upper trough will extend from Hudson Bay southward into the
    Great Lakes region on Sunday, and will pivot across the Northeast
    through early Monday. West of this trough, another strong trough
    will dive southeastward across the Great Basin and Rockies. For the
    southern Plains into the Southeast, moderate westerly winds aloft
    will persist with nearly zonal flow.

    At the surface, a large area of high pressure will extend from MT
    into the Plains early Sunday, settling across the Midwest/mid MS and
    OH Valleys into Monday morning. Given the cool air mass over most of
    the CONUS, thunderstorms chances will be limited to the immediate
    Gulf Coast where the cold front will undercut residual moisture.

    Given minimal elevated instability and lift, any convection is
    expected to remain non-severe.

    ..Jewell.. 11/28/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Nov 28 19:11:54 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 281911
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 281910

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0110 PM CST Fri Nov 28 2025

    Valid 301200Z - 011200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms are possible along the Gulf Coast. Severe
    thunderstorms are not expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A large upper trough will extend from Hudson Bay southward into the
    Great Lakes region on Sunday, and will pivot across the Northeast
    through early Monday. West of this trough, another strong trough
    will dive southeastward across the Great Basin and Rockies. For the
    southern Plains into the Southeast, moderate westerly winds aloft
    will persist with nearly zonal flow.

    At the surface, a large area of high pressure will extend from MT
    into the Plains early Sunday, settling across the Midwest/mid MS and
    OH Valleys into Monday morning. Given the cool air mass over most of
    the CONUS, thunderstorms chances will be limited to the immediate
    Gulf Coast where the cold front will undercut residual moisture.

    Given minimal elevated instability and lift, any convection is
    expected to remain non-severe.

    ..Jewell.. 11/28/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Nov 29 08:20:28 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 290820
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 290819

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0219 AM CST Sat Nov 29 2025

    Valid 011200Z - 021200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms may develop along the Gulf Coast Monday into
    early Tuesday morning. Severe thunderstorms are not currently
    expected.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will amplify over the central U.S. while rapidly
    tracking eastward, encouraging surface high pressure to overspread
    most of the CONUS on Day 3/Monday. As such, thunderstorm development
    will be limited over most locales given static stability. However,
    through the period, the eastward progression of the aforementioned
    mid-level trough will encourage surface low development along the
    eastern Gulf Coast. Low-level warm air advection ahead of the
    developing low will allow low-level moisture to move inland by up to
    a couple hundred miles, fostering enough buoyancy for scattered
    thunderstorms. Thunderstorms may first develop along the TX/LA
    coastlines during the day, with thunderstorms then developing over
    southern MS to the northern FL Peninsula late Monday night into
    early Tuesday morning. However, this buoyancy, which may be largely
    elevated in nature, appears too scant to support organized severe
    potential, with no severe probabilities introduced at this time.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/29/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Nov 29 18:01:01 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 291800
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 291800

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1200 PM CST Sat Nov 29 2025

    Valid 011200Z - 021200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms may develop along the Gulf Coast Monday into
    early Tuesday morning. Severe thunderstorms are not currently
    expected.

    ...Gulf Coast/Southeast...

    An upper trough oriented from the northern Plains to southern
    Rockies will develop eastward to the Great Lakes and Lower MS Valley
    on Monday. Strengthening midlevel southwesterly flow ahead of this
    feature will overspread the Southeast. A prior cold frontal passage
    into the Gulf on Day 2/Sunday and surface high pressure persisting
    across the Midwest and eastern states will limit northward transport
    of richer Gulf moisture, keeping any quality moisture very near the
    coast. Nevertheless, increasing midlevel moisture and steepening
    lapse rates aloft, and another approaching cold front could support
    isolated thunderstorms across the Gulf Coast/Southeast vicinity once
    again on Monday. Severe storms are not expected as destabilization
    will remain meager.

    ..Leitman.. 11/29/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 30 08:29:37 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 300829
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 300828

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0228 AM CST Sun Nov 30 2025

    Valid 021200Z - 031200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected through Tuesday across the
    Southeast to the Atlantic Coastline. The risk for severe
    thunderstorms currently appears very low.

    ...Synopsis...
    A mid-level trough will rapidly traverse the eastern U.S. as another
    upper trough develops across the Interior West on Day 3/ Tuesday. A
    surface low, positioned across the southeast U.S., is poised to
    quickly deepen while ejecting into the Atlantic through the Day 3
    period. Strong warm-air advection along the eastern Seaboard will
    promote a continuous flux of moisture and associated buoyancy ahead
    of the upper trough. A broad rain shield with embedded thunderstorms
    will be ongoing across the Southeast on Tuesday morning, and this
    band will progress eastward to the Atlantic Coast through the day.

    Some guidance hints at a brief overlap of surface based instability
    and strong vertical wind shear from a departing low-level jet across south-central/southeastern GA and immediate surrounding areas. If
    such a high shear/low CAPE corridor can develop, and a stronger
    thunderstorm tracks through this corridor, large, curved hodographs
    may support strong low-level rotation. Nonetheless, confidence in
    this scenario is too low for the delineation of severe probabilities
    at this time.

    ..Squitieri.. 11/30/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Nov 30 19:22:41 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 301922
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 301921

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0121 PM CST Sun Nov 30 2025

    Valid 021200Z - 031200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected through Tuesday across the
    Southeast to the Atlantic Coastline. The risk for severe
    thunderstorms currently appears limited.

    ...Synopsis...
    A surface cyclone is forecast to intensify along the Atlantic coast
    through the day Tuesday as a broad upper-level wave moves into the
    eastern CONUS. Isolated to scattered thunderstorms appear probable
    across parts of the Southeast and portions of the southern
    Mid-Atlantic as strong synoptic-scale ascent overspreads a
    marginally buoyant air mass.

    ...Florida Panhandle into northern Florida/southern Georgia...
    An initially weak surface low should be developing across the FL
    Panhandle by around 12 UTC Tuesday morning with isolated to
    scattered thunderstorms ongoing within a strengthening warm
    advection regime. While elevated thunderstorms will likely develop
    across the broader region, a narrow surface-based warm sector may
    materialize from the FL Panhandle eastward into northern FL/Southern
    GA through 18 UTC. Medium-range ensemble guidance suggests SBCAPE
    values may increase to 250-500 J/kg before an advancing cold front
    shunts any surface-based buoyancy offshore by early/mid-afternoon.
    More bullish solutions suggest that convection may be sufficiently
    deep to realize the strongly sheared environment that should
    manifest as the cyclone intensifies. However, the general model
    consensus is that buoyancy profiles will likely remain too weak to
    support robust updraft development, limiting confidence in the
    potential for an appreciable severe threat. Even the typically
    aggressive RRFS depicts only a weak/transient updraft/UH signal
    across this region, suggesting that the overall severe threat is
    limited. While risk probabilities are withheld, thermodynamic trends
    will continue to be monitored given the very favorable kinematic
    environment.

    ..Moore.. 11/30/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 1 08:25:12 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 010825
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 010824

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0224 AM CST Mon Dec 01 2025

    Valid 031200Z - 041200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible over southeast Texas into Louisiana on
    Wednesday into early Thursday morning. The chance for severe
    thunderstorms currently appears very low.

    ...Synopsis...
    Broad upper troughing will gradually deepen over the central and
    eastern CONUS through the day Wednesday, resulting in widespread
    surface high pressure overspreading most of the CONUS. Static
    stability accompanying this widespread surface high pressure should
    limit thunderstorm development over most locales. The one exception
    will be portions of southeast TX into LA, where low-level lee
    troughing ahead of the upper trough will support the development of
    a southwesterly low-level jet. Warm-air advection will support both
    elevated buoyancy and ascent for thunderstorm development through
    the day Wednesday into early Thursday morning. If a more appreciable surface-based airmass can advect inland, a couple of severe storms
    cannot be ruled out. However, the confidence in this scenario is
    currently too low for the introduction of severe probabilities.

    ..Squitieri.. 12/01/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Dec 1 19:19:15 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 011919
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 011918

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0118 PM CST Mon Dec 01 2025

    Valid 031200Z - 041200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are possible over southeast Texas into Louisiana on
    Wednesday into early Thursday morning. Severe storms appear
    unlikely.

    ...Synopsis...
    Progressive mid-level flow will amplify and persist over the US
    Wednesday as broad troughing intensifies over the East. Weak ridging
    over the central US will be enhanced by an upstream trough over the
    Rockies and Great Basin moving toward the Plains into early
    Thursday. At the surface, a cold and dry air mass is expected over
    much of the country in the wake of a prior frontal passage. This
    front will continue south over much of the Gulf and off the coast of
    the Atlantic, as a second arctic front moves south over the central
    US.

    The only exception to widespread offshore flow will be across
    portions of the western Gulf where the front will stall near the
    TX/LA Coasts. Ahead of the second upper trough, warm-air advection
    will support some southerly flow along the coast as a weak surface
    wave develops over the Gulf. Weak elevated buoyancy and ascent will
    support thunderstorm development across portions of southeast TX and
    southern LA Wednesday afternoon/evening into early Thursday morning.
    A stronger elevated storm or two with small hail is possible early
    Thursday, but given the limited buoyancy, a sustained severe risk
    appears unlikely.

    ..Lyons.. 12/01/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Dec 2 08:20:46 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 020820
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 020819

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0219 AM CST Tue Dec 02 2025

    Valid 041200Z - 051200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms are expected along the Gulf Coast on Thursday. Severe thunderstorms are not currently anticipated.

    ...Synopsis...
    Broad, low-amplitude mid-level troughing, with embedded
    perturbations, will continue to aid in reinforcing surface high
    pressure across most of the CONUS, limiting thunderstorm
    development. One impulse progressing across the central into eastern
    U.S. will encourage weak surface low development just off of the TX
    Gulf Coast at the start of the period. Current guidance suggests
    that the surface low, and associated warm front, should remain
    offshore, tempering the severe threat. However, at least elevated
    thunderstorms are possible as marginal elevated buoyancy advects
    inland along the Gulf Coast with the passage of the low.

    ..Squitieri.. 12/02/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Dec 2 19:03:46 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 021903
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 021902

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0102 PM CST Tue Dec 02 2025

    Valid 041200Z - 051200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are possible on Thursday across
    coastal portions of the western and central Gulf Coast vicinity.
    Severe potential appears low at this time.

    ...Western and Center Gulf Coast vicinity...

    Broad upper troughing will envelop much of the CONUS on Thursday.
    Strong surface high pressure will be in place over the Rockies/Great
    Basin, as well as across the Midwest. Meanwhile, a cold front will
    be draped along/just offshore the TX coast, while a warm front
    extends eastward near the LA coast, then southeast across the
    eastern Gulf.

    As an upper shortwave trough moves across the Plains, a weak coastal
    low will develop along the Upper TX Coast/LA coast late in the
    period. This may allow richer Gulf moisture to move into far
    southeast LA and coastal MS/AL in the 09-12z time period. Midlevel
    warm advection and increasing ascent atop a cool boundary layer will
    support elevated thunderstorm activity along portions of the
    western/central Gulf coast through the period. While some
    surface-based instability could move inland very late in the period,
    this is uncertain and may remain over immediate coastal areas of
    southeast LA. Overall, severe potential is expected to remain
    limited given Gulf moisture will mostly remain offshore through the
    period, though trends will be monitored for some increasing
    potential late in the Day 3 (early Friday morning) time frame.

    ..Leitman.. 12/02/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 3 07:47:53 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 030747
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 030746

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0146 AM CST Wed Dec 03 2025

    Valid 051200Z - 061200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    A few thunderstorms may occur along the Gulf Coast to the Florida
    Peninsula on Friday. The risk for severe storms currently appears
    very low.

    ...Synopsis...
    Mid-level troughing will persist across the central and eastern
    CONUS, resulting in surface high pressure overspreading much of the
    eastern U.S. as a surface low develops over the northern High Plains
    on Friday. Relatively cold and/or dry, statically stable air will be
    present over most portions of the CONUS, which will limit
    thunderstorm potential. A surface low along the eastern Gulf coast
    will traverse the northern FL peninsula during the day. Low-level
    moisture advection is anticipated ahead of the surface low along the
    Gulf Coast, where primarily elevated buoyancy (e.g. a few hundred
    J/kg MUCAPE) will support a few thunderstorms through the period.
    Given the meager and primarily elevated nature of the buoyancy, the
    chances for severe storms appears too low for the introduction of
    severe probabilities at this time.

    ..Squitieri.. 12/03/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Dec 3 18:58:56 2025
    ACUS03 KWNS 031858
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 031857

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1257 PM CST Wed Dec 03 2025

    Valid 051200Z - 061200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms are not forecast on Friday or Friday night.

    ...FL Panhandle vicinity...
    Isolated to scattered elevated convection should be ongoing at 12Z
    Friday along the western and central Gulf Coast, within a broad
    swath of low-level isentropic ascent atop a slow-moving offshore
    surface front. This will spread east during the day across parts of
    the Southeast. Some of the non-CAM guidance suggest the front may
    penetrate inland in a portion of the FL Panhandle attendant to a
    decaying weak surface low. With the synoptic pattern favoring a broad/low-amplitude trough into the south-central states,
    large-scale ascent and mid-level lapse rates should remain weak,
    compounding uncertainty in how much surface-based destabilization
    can occur with any afternoon convection. The bulk of ML guidance
    outside of the SPC-CSU indicates less than 5 percent severe probs as
    well. As such, will defer to later outlooks for a potential
    mesoscale level 1-MRGL risk.

    ..Grams.. 12/03/2025

    $$

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